Implementing schematron rules - schematron

Question

I am new with schematron and I have the following problem. This is the snippet from xhtml file:
<div class="provision">
<!-- provision (SECTION) -->
<header>
<!-- headers -->
<div class="desig">
<!-- if provision then header/div#class=desig/span#class=num required -->
<span class="num">1.</span>
</div>
<h1 class="title">prov-title</h1>
</header>
<p class="prov">para-prov-level</p>
<p class="prov">para-prov-level</p>
<div class="glossary">
<!-- glossary -->
<!-- glossary requires dl -->
<dl>
<!-- dl should have dt, and at least one dd -->
<dt> term </dt>
<dd>definition</dd>
<dt> term </dt>
<dd>definition</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="level-1-grp">
<!-- SUBSECTION -->
<header>
<div class="desig">
<span class="num">(1)</span>
</div>
</header>
<p class="level-1">para-level-1</p>
<div class="level-2-grp">
<header>
<div class="desig">
<span class="num">(a)</span>
</div>
</header>
<p class="level-2">para-level-2</p>
</div>
<div class="level-2-grp">
<header>
<div class="desig">
<span class="num">(b)</span>
</div>
</header>
<p class="level-2">para-level-2</p>
</div>
<p class="level-1">para-level-1</p>
</div>
<p class="prov">para-prov-level</p>
</div>
and I would like to create a rule to check
if there is a provision then header/div#class=desig/span#class=num required and glossary requires dl. I have been trying like this but it does not work:
<iso:pattern id="structure-provision">
<iso:title>Testing for Provision structure...</iso:title>
<iso:rule context="*:div[#class='provision']">
<iso:assert test="self::*:header/div[#class ='desig']/*:span[#class='num']">if provision then header/div#class=desig/span#class=num required</iso:assert>
</iso:rule>
</iso:pattern>
<!--glossory structure -->
<iso:pattern id="structure-glossory">
<iso:title>Testing for Provision structure...</iso:title>
<iso:rule context="*:div[#class='glossory']">
<iso:assert test="self::*:dl">glossary requires dl</iso:assert>
<iso:assert test="self::*:dl/dt">dl should have a dt</iso:assert>
</iso:rule>
</iso:pattern>
Any help would be appreciated. Thanks

Answer 1

You were missing a namespace on the div element in your first iso:assert.
The English language is not very precise, so I interpreted your requirements in 2 ways.
1) if there is a provision then (header/div#class=desig/span#class=num required AND glossary requires dl). "If X, then A and B". If this is the case, then only a single pattern should be used.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<sch:schema xmlns:sch="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron" queryBinding="xslt2">
<sch:pattern id="structure-provision">
<sch:title>Provisioning structure</sch:title>
<sch:rule context="*:div[#class='provision']">
<sch:assert test="*:header/*:div[#class ='desig']/*:span[#class='num']">
The provision structure requires header/div#class=desig/span#class=num
</sch:assert>
<sch:assert test="*:div[#class='glossary']/*:dl">
Glossary requires dl
</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
</sch:pattern>
</sch:schema>
2) (if there is a provision then header/div#class=desig/span#class=num required) AND (glossary requires dl). "If X, then A. Also, if Y, then B." If this is the case, then two patterns should be used.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<sch:schema xmlns:sch="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron" queryBinding="xslt2">
<sch:pattern id="provision-structure">
<sch:title>Provisioning structure</sch:title>
<sch:rule context="*:div[#class='provision']">
<sch:assert test="*:header/*:div[#class ='desig']/*:span[#class='num']">
The provision structure requires header/div#class=desig/span#class=num
</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
</sch:pattern>
<sch:pattern id="glossary-structure">
<sch:title>Provisioning structure</sch:title>
<sch:rule context="*:div[#class='glossary']">
<sch:assert test="*:dl">
Glossary requires dl
</sch:assert>
<sch:assert test="*:dl/*:dt">
dl requires dt
</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>
</sch:pattern>
</sch:schema>
I would recommend splitting your requirements up into several rules/patterns to make things more robust and organized. For example, have all of your rules related to provisioning structure within a single pattern. If glossary rules should be enforced regardless of whether the glossary is within a provisioning structure, then glossary should have its own pattern.
Also, I would define and use a namespace for the elements and use that within the schematron rules. I assume it is xhtml or similar? The xpath expressions would become something like:
<sch:rule context="xhtml:div[#class='provision']">
<sch:assert test="xhtml:header/xhtml:div[#class ='desig']/xhtml:span[#class='num']">
Rule text here
</sch:assert>
</sch:rule>