Error in C executable file - c

My program is up to date and works fine when I am running on Turbo C.
Once I compile and run the program, executable file gets created.
When I run executable file it should work, but for following program it always gives "false" answer.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
char *BoyerMoore( unsigned char *data, unsigned int dataLength, unsigned char *string, unsigned int strLength )
{
unsigned int skipTable[256], i;
unsigned char *search;
register unsigned char lastChar;
if (strLength == 0)
return NULL;
// Initialize skip lookup table
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
skipTable[i] = strLength;
search = string;
// Decrease strLength here to make it an index
i = --strLength;
do
{
skipTable[*search++] = i;
} while (i--);
lastChar = *--search;
// Start searching, position pointer at possible end of string.
search = data + strLength;
dataLength -= strLength+(strLength-1);
while ((int)dataLength > 0 )
{
unsigned int skip;
skip = skipTable[*search];
search += skip;
dataLength -= skip;
skip = skipTable[*search];
search += skip;
dataLength -= skip;
skip = skipTable[*search];
if (*search != lastChar) /*if (skip > 0)*/
{
// Character does not match, realign string and try again
search += skip;
dataLength -= skip;
continue;
}
// We had a match, we could be at the end of the string
i = strLength;
do
{
// Have we found the entire string?
if (i-- == 0)
return search;
} while (*--search == string[i]);
// Skip past the part of the string that we scanned already
search += (strLength - i + 1);
dataLength--;
}
// We reached the end of the data, and didn't find the string
return NULL;
}
void chomp(char *s) {
int n = strlen(s);
while (n && (s[n-1]==10 || s[n-1]==13)) s[--n] = 0;
}
int main(void)
{
char target[200];
char *ch = target,*str;
char pattern[20];
int i,k,count,l;
chomp(target);
chomp(pattern);
str = BoyerMoore( target, strlen(target), pattern, strlen(pattern) );
printf("Enter the string: \n");
fgets(target,100,stdin);
//scanf ("%[^\n]%*c", target);
printf("Enter the string to be matched: \n");
fgets(pattern,20,stdin);
//scanf ("%[^\n]%*c", pattern);
if (str == NULL)
puts( "String not found" );
else
puts( "true" );
getch();
return 0;
}

The calls to chomp are being passed arrays of uninitialised chars. The calls to strlen will then have undefined results, including very possibly reading/writing beyond the end of your buffers.
After this, you call BoyerMoore, passing in these still (at least partially) uninitialised buffers.
After this, you read pattern and target but don't do anything with them.
You don't say what the code is supposed to do but at the least I guess you need to
remove the calls to chomp
call fgets to initialise pattern and target before calling BoyerMoore
If things don't work after this, try using a debugger or adding printf statements to trace program progress.

Related

(C) Get safe int input

So I tasked myself to write a function, that:
overwrites an int with a safe value (not return gibberish if the
user decides to input char-s or anything bigger by absolute value
than (2^31-1)
if input exceeds (2^31 - 1) (meaning if the user inputs 8 or more
digits) the int must be overwritten with the upper value
Here is the code:
void getSafeIntWithBoundaries(int *dest, int lo, int hi, const char *message);
bool anyChars(const char *input, int len);
int main() {
int x;
getSafeIntWithBoundaries(&x, 1, 10, "Enter an integer between 0 and 10.");
printf("x = %d\n", x);
return 0;
}
void getSafeIntWithBoundaries(int * dest, int lo, int hi, const char * message) {
char input[33];
while (1) {
puts(message);
fgets(input, 33, stdin);
int len = strlen(input);
if (input[len - 1] == '\n') { input[len - 1] = '\0'; }
--len;
if (bool reset = anyChars(input, len)) {
puts("Try again.");
continue;
}
else {
int ret;
if (strcmp("2147483648", input) < 0) {
*dest = hi;
return;
}
sscanf(input, "%d", &ret);
ret = ret > hi ? hi : ret;
ret = ret < lo ? lo : ret;
*dest = ret;
break;
}
}
}
bool anyChars(const char * input, int len) {
for(int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (!isdigit(input[i])) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
A few more notes:
in getSafeIntWithBoundaries(...) I'm getting rid of the '\n', I'm
changing it for a '\0', respectively decreasing int len; which holds
the length of the input.
anyChars() checks whether the input contains any non digit char. If
it does, then the user has to re-enter. One of the problems is
however that in case of failure, message needs to be printed out only
once. If I input something ridiculously long, message will be printed
multiple times. I don't know how to fix this.
the strcmp() bit checks if the user entered a number bigger than
(2^31 - 1). If the user has, then the int must be overwritten with
the high value and the function needs to end. Problem is however, if
the user enters a very long number, the target int will be
overwritten with the low boundary. I don't know how to fix that
either.
2 ?s making sure the target int won't exceed its boundaries. I marked
the parts that I can't figure out with bold, essentially that's the
whole question.
Suggestions on improving the code are welcomed as well.
Suggestions on improving the code are welcomed
Code fails many cases
Overflow UB
When the range exceed int, sscanf(input, "%d", &ret) is undefined behavior.
Long lines not consumed
When input is more than 32 characters (including the '\n), left over input remains.
Null character input
Input starting with a null character '\0' lead to undefined behavior with input[len - 1]
Non ASCII input
isdigit(input[i]) is undefined behavior when input[i] < 0.
Assumed ranged
Code uses int assuming it covers the range 2^31 - 1. C requires int to have a
minimum range of [-32,767 ... 32,767].
Unclear goals
"if input exceeds (2^31 - 1) (meaning if the user inputs 8 or more digits)" --> What if input is `"0000000000000000000000000000000000001\n"? 35 zeros? It is in range yet exceeds 8 digits and exceed 33 character buffer.
End-of-file
puts("Try again."); does not make sense if input is closed. I'd expect int getSafeIntWithBoundaries() to return 1 on success, 0 on failure, EOF on end-of-file/input error.
Below is some untested code - will test later. I'll work on the message details later. It is certainty more than what one might think is needed to simply read an `int, but if you want robust code, it is work.
To read an entire line of input obliges reading until '\n' or EOF.
I'd tolerate leading and trailing spaces.
strtol() is good , but then the entire line needs to be read first. Recall valid input can have many leading spaces or zeros.
Do not overflow intmath- it is UB. Summing the value with negativesint` has greater range than the positive side.
Pre-C99 /,% has implementation defined behavior when the remainder is non-zero - so I avoided that.
#include <errno.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define INT_MIN_LS_DIGIT ((-(INT_MIN + 10)) % 10)
#define INT_MIN_DIV_10 ((INT_MIN + INT_MIN_LS_DIGIT)/10)
int getSafeIntWithBoundaries(int * dest, int lo, int hi, const char *message) {
fputs(message, stdout);
fflush(stdout); // Insure data to sent out completely
int ch;
while (isspace((ch = fgetc(stdin))) && (ch != '\n')) {
;
}
bool positive = true;
if (ch == '-' || ch == '+') {
positive = ch == '+';
ch = fgetc(stdin);
}
bool digit_found = false;
bool overflow = false;
int sum = 0;
while (isdigit(ch)) {
digit_found = true;
int digit = ch = '0';
// Detect possible overflow
if (sum <= INT_MIN_DIV_10
&& (sum < INT_MIN_DIV_10 || digit > INT_MIN_LS_DIGIT)) {
sum = INT_MIN;
overflow = true;
} else {
sum = sum * 10 - digit;
}
}
if (positive) {
if (sum < -INT_MAX) {
sum = INT_MAX;
overflow = true;
} else {
sum = -sum;
}
}
if (sum > hi) {
sum = hi;
overflow = true;
}
if (sum < lo) {
sum = lo;
overflow = true;
}
*dest = sum;
while (isspace(ch) && ch != '\n') {
ch = fgetc(stdin);
}
if (ch == EOF && iserror(stdin)) {
return EOF; // Rare input error detected
}
if (!digit_found) {
return 1; // or a "No digit found" error code
}
if (overflow) {
errno = ERANGE;
return 1; // or a "Overflow" error code
}
if (ch != '\n' && ch != EOF) {
return 1; // or a "Extra trailing junk" error code
}
return 0;
}
strtol could be used to parse an integer from a string. It provides for overflow and the pointer to the last character allows for testing for valid terminating characters. This set the range to 0 and INT_MAX but any range from INT_MIN to INT_MAX could be used. The terminating character is nul but could be comma, semicolon or any appropriate character.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <limits.h>
//inputs
// char *line : pointer to text to be parsed
// char **next : pointer to pointer to allow modification of caller's pointer
// char *term : pointer to characters to be considered terminators
// int *value : pointer to int to allow modification of caller's int
// int min : minimum value of range
// int max : maximum value of range
// returns : 0 failure or 1 success
int get_int_range ( char *line, char **next, char *delim, int *value, int min, int max)
{
long int input = 0;
char *end = NULL;//will point to end of parsed value
if ( line == NULL) {
return 0;
}
errno = 0;
input = strtol ( line, &end, 10);//get the integer from the line. end will point to the end of the parsed value
if ( end == line) {// nothing was parsed. no digits
printf ( "input [%s] MUST be a number\n", line);
return 0;// return failure
}
// *end is the character that end points to
if ( *end != '\0' && !( delim && strchr ( delim, *end))) {// is *end '\0' or is *end in the set of term characters
printf ( "problem with input: [%s] \n", line);
return 0;
}
if ( ( errno == ERANGE && ( input == LONG_MAX || input == LONG_MIN))
|| ( errno != 0 && input == 0)){// parsing error from strtol
perror ( "input");
return 0;
}
if ( input < min || input > max) {// parsed value is outside of range
printf ( "input out of range %d to %d\n", min, max);
return 0;
}
if ( next != NULL) {// if next is NULL, caller did not want pointer to end of parsed value
*next = end;// *next allows modification to caller's pointer
}
if ( value == NULL) {
return 0;
}
*value = input;// *value allows modification to callers int
return 1;// success
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[])
{
char line[900] = {'\0'};
int valid = 0;
int number = 0;
do {
printf ( "Enter number or enter quit\n");
fgets ( line, sizeof ( line), stdin);//read a line
if ( strcmp ( line, "quit\n") == 0) {
return 1;// if quit is entered, exit the program
}
line[strcspn ( line, "\n")] = '\0';//remove trailing newline
valid = get_int_range ( line, NULL, "", &number, 0, INT_MAX);// call to parse a value
} while ( !valid);// on failure, keep looping the above
printf ( "input is %d\n", number);
return 0;
}

I don't know how to print a sentence only under certain circumstances

I am blocked at solving a problem in the book.
The problem is:
read a word and output the string backwards, and output it backwards,
you should print the palindrome if it is the same as the original.
Also, do not use a library such as string.h, but include stdio.h
only.
So I created the code below.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str[128];
char temp;
int leng = 0;
char a;
scanf("%s", str);
{
a = str;
}
while(str[leng] != '\0')
leng++;
for (int i = 0; i < leng/2; i++)
{
temp = str[i];
str[i] = str[leng - i - 1];
str[leng - i - 1] = temp;
}
printf("%s\n", str);
{
if (a == str)
printf("palindrome\n");
}
return 0;
}
The output in reverse order was easily solved, but I blocked in the process at printing palindrome. I tried to print the palindrome only when the input and output values ​​are the same.
However, if (a == str) I used was a code to compare address values.
Also,I thought that it would be useful to implement strcmp as a loop, but I can not find a way to compare the input value with the output value using strcmp.
Is there a way to compare the input and output values ​​in C? Or is there a way to make palindrome print only under certain circumstances (input = output)?
I am wondering if I can code the input value = output value in C exactly.
Note that my code prints the palindrome when the address values ​​are the same. So I haven't seen yet :(
Here is a loosely written untested code that should resolve your issues.
char str[128];
if( fgets( str, 128, stdin ) )
{
/* I hate this but restriction on string.h
Calculate the size of this string */
size_t s_len = 0;
char *p = str;
for( ; *p && *p != '\n' ; p++ )
s_len++;
/* trim down nextLine characters */
if( p && *p == '\n' )
{
*p = '\0';
}
if( s_len == 0 )
{
/* Should never be the case here */
exit(0);
}
/* This should handle both cases of reversing and pallindrom */
int isPallindrom = 1; /* Lets Say Yes for now*/
for( size_t i = 0, j = s_len-1; i < j ; i ++, j -- )
{
if( str[i] != str[j] )
isPallindrom = 0; // Not a pallindrom
swap( str, i, j); // Write a swap function here
}
/* at this point you should have
1. a reversed string in a
2. based on isPallindrom value a confirmation if it really a pallindrom */
}
There are some fundamental errors in your code for instance
a = str;
if (a == str)
turn on warnings while compilation to catch these well before execution.
edit - swap for you.
void swap( char *s, size_t i, size_t j )
{
char t = s[i];
s[i] = s[j];
s[j] = t;
}
Use this function:
int compare(char *str1, char *str2)
{
while(*str1 && *str2){
if(*str1 == *str2){
str1++;
str2++;
}
else return (*str2 - *str1);
}
if(*str1)
return -1;
if(*str2)
return 1;
return 0;
}
Logic:
Until '\0' is encountered in one of the strings, check the character in either string. If the characters are equal, continue. Otherwise, return a negative number of the character in string1 > string2, or a positive number if the character in string1 < string2.
Once a '\0' is encountered, check if string1 has any more characters. If yes, it is the greater string, hence return a negative number.
If string1 doesn't have any more characters, check string2. If that too has no more characters, return 0. Otherwise return a positive number.

Memory limit exceeded in C

I'm currently being a tutor for a student in C. For his classes, the university has installed a server running Mooshak (software capable of receiving code and test it).
We have developed code, compiled it and tested it locally before sending to the server and everything went fine. However, when we tried to send it to the server, the server stated "Memory Limit Exceeded".
The code looked as follows:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <string.h>
#define LIMITE_CARACTERES 1000
#define LIMITE_GENES 100000
char genes[LIMITE_GENES][LIMITE_CARACTERES];
char* copiar_por_espaco(char* string, char* dest)
{
for(int i = 0; i < strlen(string); i++)
{
if(' ' == string[i])
{
strncpy(dest, string, i);
dest[i] ='\0';
if( i + 1 >= strlen(string))
return NULL;
else
return &string[i+1];
}
}
if(strlen(string) == 0)
{
return NULL;
}
else
{
strcpy(dest, string);
return NULL;
}
}
void genes_f()
{
char s[LIMITE_CARACTERES];
int numero_genes = 0;
while(scanf("%s", s) != EOF)
{
char *auxiliar = s;
while(auxiliar != NULL && strlen(auxiliar) != 0)
{
auxiliar = copiar_por_espaco(auxiliar, genes[numero_genes]);
numero_genes++;
}
}
if(numero_genes <= 20)
{
for(int i = 0; i < numero_genes; i++)
{
printf("%s\n", genes[i]);
}
}
else
{
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
printf("%s\n", genes[i]);
}
for(int i = numero_genes - 10; i < numero_genes;i++)
{
printf("%s\n", genes[i]);
}
}
}
int main()
{
genes_f();
return 0;
}
Please note that the values LIMITE_CARACTERES and LIMITE_GENES are an assignment requirement (they haven't been told about memory allocation yet). The above code gives the "Memory Limit Exceeded", but if I split the first four into two lines, the server does not throw that error and accepts our solution:
char* copiar_por_espaco(char* string, char* dest)
{
int len = strlen(string); // This line was taken out from the for
for(int i = 0; i < len; i++) // Now we used the variable instead
{
if(' ' == string[i])
{
strncpy(dest, string, i);
dest[i] ='\0';
if( i + 1 >= strlen(string))
return NULL;
else
return &string[i+1];
}
}
if(strlen(string) == 0)
{
return NULL;
}
else
{
strcpy(dest, string);
return NULL;
}
}
I have no idea why. Is there an explanation for this?
The input will several lines with words (blank lines should be skipped), separated by a space. The program should separate and take each word:
Input
A BDD TES QURJ
test dog cat heart
cow
bird tree
Output
A
BDD
TES
QURJ
test
dog
cat
heart
cow
bird
tree
You forgot to include an extra byte for null terminators in your array. If LIMITE_CARACTERES is the maximum length of a string provided as input, then you need an array of size LIMITE_CARACTERES + 1 in which to store it. So you need to change this line
char genes[LIMITE_GENES][LIMITE_CARACTERES];
to
char genes[LIMITE_GENES][LIMITE_CARACTERES + 1];
Since you are a tutor, I give feedback so you can properly teach your student (so this is not an answer to your problem).
copiar_por_espaco
for(int i = 0; i < strlen(string); i++)
Repeatedly calling strlen on a variable that does not change in the loop is a waste of CPU cycles. Indeed, you should calculate the length before the loop and use it in the loop. That also holds for if( i + 1 >= strlen(string))
if(' ' == string[i])...
Note that it is guaranteed the string does not hold spaces because it was read with scanf. As a consequence, the function will always return NULL.
if(strlen(string) == 0) return NULL;
You test this after the loop but logic dictates you do this before any processing and it could be shortened to if (!*string) return NULL; This would also make the code more beautiful as the else part is not needed (it is not needed anyway).
genes_f
while(scanf("%s", s) != EOF)
A scanf-guru might help here but I believe there must be a space in the format specifier so it will skip leading spaces, " %s". I believe your way will read only one string and then will loop indefinitely returning zero on each scanf call. You should test the result of scanf for the number of format specifiers successfully converted and not for EOF. So check for 1.
if(numero_genes <= 20)
Your printing is funny. It all can be as one loop:
for(int i = numero_genes; i < numero_genes; i++)
printf("%s\n", genes[i]);
You have to do bounds checks on your number of genes:
numero_genes<LIMITE_GENES

array reverse output in c

I do this program which receives input from a string and a substring, and then searches for the substring within the string by determining how often it appears (the number of occurrences) and the locations it is located, then these positions are inserted into an array for example (4 5 8) And they are printed correctly, now what I was trying to do, once I got my array with inside the locations where the substring was found it print it in reverse ie (8 5 4) I tried using this cycle
// reverse output
printf ("%d", count);
for (j = count - 1; j >= 0; j--)
    printf("%d", pos[j]);
But if the array positions are 8 5 4 so it prints to me
5 ,4, -311228772
Why does this happen? Here is the code:
// inclusion of libraries
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
/*
 Reads a string allocated by the stream.
 It stops at newline, not included in string.
 Returns NULL to EOF
 */
char *my_getline(FILE *stream) { // statement of function
char *line = NULL; // this is just the pointer initialization
size_t pos = 0; // definition of position variables and init
int c; // a variable to store the temporary character
while ((c = getc(stream)) != EOF) // read every character until the end of the file
{
     char *newp = realloc(line, pos + 2); // To dynamically allocate memory, with reference to the number of characters and more '2' is only to compensate for the null character and the character (since it is 0)
     if (newp == NULL) { // checks whether memory has been properly associated or not.
         free(line); // if the line is not free the blank
         return NULL; // interrupts the program and returns NULL
     }
     line = newp; // if memory is allocated correctly stores the memory allocated to the line pointer
     if (c == '\n') // if a new line is detected
         break; // interrupts the while cycle
     line[pos++] = (char)c; // stores the character in dynamic memory and the new character in the new location.
}
if (line) { // if the line contains something then a null character is added at the end to complete that string.
    line[pos] = '\0';
}
return line; // returns the contents of the line.
}
int main(void) { // main statement
    char *str, *sub; // character punctuation statement
    size_t len1, len2, i, count = 0; // unsigned value statement "size_t is equal to unsigned int" so may also be <0
    int pos[count]; // declare a count array to insert the index then print it in reverse
int j;
// Here is the main string
    printf("Enter Main String: \n"); // print the entry and enter the main string
    str = my_getline(stdin); // inserts the entered string inside the pointer using my_getline function and using getchar analogue stdin to make the entered characters input from the standard input
    // here is the substring to look for
    printf("Enter substring to search: \ n"); // print the entry and enter the main substring
    sub = my_getline(stdin); // inserts the entered string inside the pointer using my_getline function and using getchar analogue stdin to make the entered characters input from the standard input
    if (str && sub) { // if string and substring && = and
        len1 = strlen(str); // inserts the string length in the len1 variable
        len2 = strlen(sub); // inserts the length of the string in the len2 variable
        for (i = 0; i + len2 <= len1; i++) { // loop for with the control that the substring is less than or equal to the main string ie len2 <= len1
            if (! memcmp(str + i, sub, len2)) { // here uses the memcmp function to compare the string and substring byte bytes
                count++; // count variable that is incremented each time the sub is found in p
                // here is where it gets in output
// If the substring was found mold the index with the locations it was found
pos[count] = i + 1;
printf( "%d\n", pos[count]);
            }
        }
// print to get reverse output
printf("number of times%d", count);
// print to get reverse output
printf("%d", count);
       for (j = count - 1; j >= 0; j--)
       printf("%d", pos[j]);
 
        if (count == 0) { // if count is = 0 ie the substring was not found string string not found
            // otherwise if not found
            printf("Subtry not found \n");
        }
    }
// free releases the memory area that was reserved for the string and substrings so that it can be reused in the next run
    free(str);
    free(sub);
    return 0; // exit analog
}
Your code is completely unreadable. Even reformatted and spaced out, the comments make it difficult to see the important stuff.
You should only comment the non obvious: int main(void) {// main statement is a good example of a useless counter productive comment.
After removing all comments, the code shows a few problems:
There is an extra space in printf("Enter substring to search: \ n");
The array pos is defined with a size of 0: int count = 0; int pos[count];. The program has undefined behavior.
count is incremented before storing the offset into the array. Hence the array contents does not start at index 0, hence producing incorrect output when you iterate from count-1 down to 0 in the second loop.
Here is a simplified and corrected version:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
/*
Reads a string from the stream allocated with malloc
stops at newline, not included in string.
Returns NULL at EOF
*/
char *my_getline(FILE *stream) {
char *line = NULL;
size_t pos = 0;
int c;
while ((c = getc(stream)) != EOF) {
char *newp = realloc(line, pos + 2);
if (newp == NULL) {
free(line);
return NULL;
}
line = newp;
if (c == '\n')
break;
line[pos++] = (char)c;
}
if (line) {
line[pos] = '\0';
}
return line;
}
int main(void) {
printf("Enter Main String:\n");
char *str = my_getline(stdin);
printf("Enter substring to search:\n");
char *sub = my_getline(stdin);
if (str && sub) {
size_t count = 0;
size_t len1 = strlen(str);
size_t len2 = strlen(sub);
size_t pos[len1 + 1];
for (size_t i = 0; i + len2 <= len1; i++) {
if (!memcmp(str + i, sub, len2)) {
pos[count] = i + 1;
printf("%d\n", (int)pos[count]);
count++;
}
}
if (count != 0) {
printf("number of times: %d\n", (int)count);
for (size_t j = count; j-- > 0;) {
printf(" %d", (int)pos[j]);
}
printf("\n");
} else {
printf("substring not found.\n");
}
}
free(str);
free(sub);
return 0;
}
You declared pos as an array of length 0:
size_t ... count = 0;
int pos [count];
Thus, inside your for-loop you'll access some unitialized memory:
for (j = count-1; j>= 0; j--)
printf ("%d", pos [j]);

C program, Reversing an array

I am writing C program that reads input from the standard input a line of characters.Then output the line of characters in reverse order.
it doesn't print reversed array, instead it prints the regular array.
Can anyone help me?
What am I doing wrong?
main()
{
int count;
int MAX_SIZE = 20;
char c;
char arr[MAX_SIZE];
char revArr[MAX_SIZE];
while(c != EOF)
{
count = 0;
c = getchar();
arr[count++] = c;
getReverse(revArr, arr);
printf("%s", revArr);
if (c == '\n')
{
printf("\n");
count = 0;
}
}
}
void getReverse(char dest[], char src[])
{
int i, j, n = sizeof(src);
for (i = n - 1, j = 0; i >= 0; i--)
{
j = 0;
dest[j] = src[i];
j++;
}
}
You have quite a few problems in there. The first is that there is no prototype in scope for getReverse() when you use it in main(). You should either provide a prototype or just move getReverse() to above main() so that main() knows about it.
The second is the fact that you're trying to reverse the string after every character being entered, and that your input method is not quite right (it checks an indeterminate c before ever getting a character). It would be better as something like this:
count = 0;
c = getchar();
while (c != EOF) {
arr[count++] = c;
c = getchar();
}
arr[count] = '\0';
That will get you a proper C string albeit one with a newline on the end, and even possibly a multi-line string, which doesn't match your specs ("reads input from the standard input a line of characters"). If you want a newline or file-end to terminate input, you can use this instead:
count = 0;
c = getchar();
while ((c != '\n') && (c != EOF)) {
arr[count++] = c;
c = getchar();
}
arr[count] = '\0';
And, on top of that, c should actually be an int, not a char, because it has to be able to store every possible character plus the EOF marker.
Your getReverse() function also has problems, mainly due to the fact it's not putting an end-string marker at the end of the array but also because it uses the wrong size (sizeof rather than strlen) and because it appears to re-initialise j every time through the loop. In any case, it can be greatly simplified:
void getReverse (char *dest, char *src) {
int i = strlen(src) - 1, j = 0;
while (i >= 0) {
dest[j] = src[i];
j++;
i--;
}
dest[j] = '\0';
}
or, once you're a proficient coder:
void getReverse (char *dest, char *src) {
int i = strlen(src) - 1, j = 0;
while (i >= 0)
dest[j++] = src[i--];
dest[j] = '\0';
}
If you need a main program which gives you reversed characters for each line, you can do that with something like this:
int main (void) {
int count;
int MAX_SIZE = 20;
int c;
char arr[MAX_SIZE];
char revArr[MAX_SIZE];
c = getchar();
count = 0;
while(c != EOF) {
if (c != '\n') {
arr[count++] = c;
c = getchar();
continue;
}
arr[count] = '\0';
getReverse(revArr, arr);
printf("'%s' => '%s'\n", arr, revArr);
count = 0;
c = getchar();
}
return 0;
}
which, on a sample run, shows:
pax> ./testprog
hello
'hello' => 'olleh'
goodbye
'goodbye' => 'eybdoog'
a man a plan a canal panama
'a man a plan a canal panama' => 'amanap lanac a nalp a nam a'
Your 'count' variable goes to 0 every time the while loop runs.
Count is initialised to 0 everytime the loop is entered
you are sending the array with each character for reversal which is not a very bright thing to do but won't create problems. Rather, first store all the characters in the array and send it once to the getreverse function after the array is complete.
sizeof(src) will not give the number of characters. How about you send i after the loop was terminated in main as a parameter too. Ofcourse there are many ways and various function but since it seems like you are in the initial stages, you can try up strlen and other such functions.
you have initialised j to 0 in the for loop but again, specifying it INSIDE the loop will initialise the value everytime its run from the top hence j ends up not incrmenting. So remore the j=0 and i=0 from INSIDE the loop since you only need to get it initialised once.
check this out
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
void getReverse(char dest[], char src[], int count);
int main()
{
// *always* initialize variables
int count = 0;
const int MaxLen = 20; // max length string, leave upper case names for MACROS
const int MaxSize = MaxLen + 1; // add one for ending \0
int c = '\0';
char arr[MaxSize] = {0};
char revArr[MaxSize] = {0};
// first collect characters to be reversed
// note that input is buffered so user could enter more than MAX_SIZE
do
{
c = fgetc(stdin);
if ( c != EOF && (isalpha(c) || isdigit(c))) // only consider "proper" characters
{
arr[count++] = (char)c;
}
}
while(c != EOF && c != '\n' && count < MaxLen); // EOF or Newline or MaxLen
getReverse( revArr, arr, count );
printf("%s\n", revArr);
return 0;
}
void getReverse(char dest[], char src[], int count)
{
int i = count - 1;
int j = 0;
while ( i > -1 )
{
dest[j++] = src[i--];
}
}
Dealing with strings is a rich source of bugs in C, because even simple operations like copying and modifying require thinking about issues of allocation and storage. This problem though can be simplified considerably by thinking of the input and output not as strings but as streams of characters, and relying on recursion and local storage to handle all allocation.
The following is a complete program that will read one line of standard input and print its reverse to standard output, with the length of the input limited only by the growth of the stack:
int florb (int c) { return c == '\n' ? c : putchar(florb(getchar())), c; }
main() { florb('-'); }
..or check this
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MAX 100
char *my_rev(const char *source);
int main(void)
{
char *stringA;
stringA = malloc(MAX); /* memory allocation for 100 characters */
if(stringA == NULL) /* if malloc returns NULL error msg is printed and program exits */
{
fprintf(stdout, "Out of memory error\n");
exit(1);
}
else
{
fprintf(stdout, "Type a string:\n");
fgets(stringA, MAX, stdin);
my_rev(stringA);
}
return 0;
}
char *my_rev(const char *source) /* const makes sure that function does not modify the value pointed to by source pointer */
{
int len = 0; /* first function calculates the length of the string */
while(*source != '\n') /* fgets preserves terminating newline, that's why \n is used instead of \0 */
{
len++;
*source++;
}
len--; /* length calculation includes newline, so length is subtracted by one */
*source--; /* pointer moved to point to last character instead of \n */
int b;
for(b = len; b >= 0; b--) /* for loop prints string in reverse order */
{
fprintf(stdout, "%c", *source);
len--;
*source--;
}
return;
}
Output looks like this:
Type a string:
writing about C programming
gnimmargorp C tuoba gnitirw

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