Running a shell script through Cygwin on Windows - batch-file

I have a bunch of shell scripts that used to run on a Linux machine. Now, we've switched over to Windows, and I need to run these scripts there. I have Cygwin installed, but is there a way to make the script run using Cygwin, but the call is made from Windows batch?

Sure. On my (pretty vanilla) Cygwin setup, bash is in c:\cygwin\bin so I can run a bash script (say testit.sh) from a Windows batch file using a command like:
C:\cygwin\bin\bash testit.sh
... which can be included in a .bat file as easily as it can be typed at the command line, and with the same effect.

One more thing - if You edited the shell script in some Windows text editor, which produces the \r\n line-endings, cygwin's bash wouldn't accept those \r. Just run dos2unix testit.sh before executing the script:
C:\cygwin\bin\dos2unix testit.sh
C:\cygwin\bin\bash testit.sh

If you have access to the Notepad++ editor on Windows there is a feature that allows you to easily get around this problem:
Open the file that's giving the error in Notepad++.
Go under the "Edit" Menu and choose "EOL Conversion"
There is an option there for "UNIX/OSX Format." Choose that option.
Re-save the file.
I did this and it solved my problems.
Hope this helps!
Read more at http://danieladeniji.wordpress.com/2013/03/07/microsoft-windows-cygwin-error-r-command-not-found/

Just wanted to add that you can do this to apply dos2unix fix for all files under a directory, as it saved me heaps of time when we had to 'fix' a bunch of our scripts.
find . -type f -exec dos2unix.exe {} \;
I'd do it as a comment to Roman's answer, but I don't have access to commenting yet.

The existing answers all seem to run this script in a DOS console window.
This may be acceptable, but for example means that colour codes (changing text colour) don't work but instead get printed out as they are:
there is no item "[032mGroovy[0m"
I found this solution some time ago, so I'm not sure whether mintty.exe is a standard Cygwin utility or whether you have to run the setup program to get it, but I run like this:
D:\apps\cygwin64\bin\mintty.exe -i /Cygwin-Terminal.ico bash.exe .\myShellScript.sh
... this causes the script to run in a Cygwin BASH console instead of a Windows DOS console.

If you don't mind always including .sh on the script file name, then you can keep the same script for Cygwin and Unix (Macbook).
To illustrate:
1. Always include .sh to your script file name, e.g., test1.sh
2. test1.sh looks like the following as an example:
#!/bin/bash
echo '$0 = ' $0
echo '$1 = ' $1
filepath=$1
3. On Windows with Cygwin, you type "test1.sh" to run
4. On a Unix, you also type "test1.sh" to run
Note: On Windows, you need to use the file explorer to do following once:
1. Open the file explorer
2. Right-click on a file with .sh extension, like test1.sh
3. Open with... -> Select sh.exe
After this, your Windows 10 remembers to execute all .sh files with sh.exe.
Note: Using this method, you do not need to prepend your script file name with bash to run

Related

Windows BAT script for cp alias produces error

I wrote a file called cp.bat and the content of this file is: DOSKEY cp=COPY $* copy. I saved this file in c:\users\myname\aliases. I also added this path to my environment so cmd can execute it.
When I now type cp in my cmd the output is a strange character for the c in cp.
I need this script to work because I want to install chicken scheme eggs on my machine, but the chicken-install command executes multiple cp commands and those are not recognized in the cmd.
I also tried to alter the build script of the eggs, but it gets newly generated everytime I call the chicken-install command.
It would also help if someone could explain me how to install chicken eggs on a windows machine correctly. I feel this workaround shouldn't be necessary. Thanks in advance.
Like Magoo mentioned:
In all probability, your editor is the root of your problem. Batch files should be created in strict ANSI format using a text-editor, not a word-processor. Notepad is barely adequate; Notepad++ is far better - I use Editplus
The encoding was messed up and it was set to UTF-8-BOM, so I changed it to ANSI and it worked flawlessly.
If you're using CHICKEN 5, it should not be emitting cp commands; it should emit batch files which use the builtin Windows commands only if you're using the mingw platform target. Have you used the PLATFORM=mingw option with every make invocation?
If you're using the mingw-msys (or cygwin) platform, then it will be emitting UNIX style commands.

Find multiple files from the command line

Description:
I am searching a very large server for files that is on a different server. right now I open command prompt and type
DIR [FILE NAME] /S/4
This returns the server location of the file with some other stuff that is not really needed.
Question:
I have a lot of files to search and one by one input into the above command could take forever. Is there a way I could input all of the names of all the files and only search once and the search results would only need to show file name and location?
First, I hope you don't mean DOS, but rather Windows cmd or batch.
You can certainly write a script that will run your DIR command once per file being sought.
But what you most likely want instead is to search once and print the path of each file found. For this you can use PowerShell's FindChildItem or the improved one posted here: http://windows-powershell-scripts.blogspot.in/2009/08/unix-linux-find-equivalent-in.html
It will be something like:
Find-ChildItem -Name "firstfile.txt|secondfile.txt|..."
Another approach is to install msys or cygwin or another Linux tools environment for Windows and use the Linux find command.

Delete a file named "NUL" on Windows

I ran a program on Windows 7 that was compiled under Cygwin and passed "NUL" as an output file name. Instead of suppressing output it actually created a file named "NUL" in the current directory. (Apparently it expects "/dev/null", even on Windows.) Now I'm stuck with this "NUL" file that I cannot delete!
I've already tried:
Windows Explorer - error: "Invalid MS-DOS function" (yes, that is seriously what it says!)
Command prompt using "del NUL" - error: "The filename, directory name, or volume
label syntax is incorrect."
Deleting the entire directory - same deal as just deleting the file
remove() in a C program - also fails
How can I get rid of these NUL files (I have several by now), short of installing the full Cygwin environment and compiling a C program under Cygwin to do it?
Open a command prompt and use these commands to first rename and then delete the NUL file:
C:\> rename \\.\C:\..\NUL. deletefile.txt
C:\> del deletefile.txt
Using the \\.\ prefix tells the high-level file I/O functions to pass the filename unparsed to the device driver - this way you can access otherwise invalid names.
Read this article about valid file / path names in Windows and the various reserved names.
If you have Git for Windows Installed (v2.18) do the following
Open the directory containing the files you want to remove
Left Click and select Git Bash Here
Type rm nul.json at the command prompt and hit ENTER, the file now should be removed.
NOTE: These screenshots show the removal of file nul.topo.json which is another file that I could not removed with a simple delete.
If you have git on windows, just right click on the folder containing the nul file -> go to gitbash here -> and type "rm nul" or "rm nul.json" depending upon the file type.
I had a similar issue. It was probably caused by Cygwin as well (since I use this regularly), but I've since forgotten exactly how the file was created.
I also had trouble deleting it. I followed the advice of some other posts and tried booting into safe mode to delete the file, though this did nothing. The tip from +xxbbcc didn't work for me either.
However, I was able to delete the file using the Cygwin terminal! Cygwin createth and Cygwin destroyeth.
To remove a nul file situated here:
C:\unix\cygwin\dev\nul
I simply use (tested only on Windows 10) :
Del \?\C:\unix\cygwin\dev\NUL
I solved this in a slightly different way.
I thought I would add this here because it is high in the google results and I had a similar issue for a folder named NUL.
I tried rmdir\\?\C:\My\Path\NUL and rmdir\\.\C:\My\Path\NUL without any success and also tried several commands using bash from my SourceTree installation. No joy.
In the end I used DIR /X /A from cmd to list the short names in the parent directory. This showed me NUL~1 for my NUL folder and identified the crux of the problem.
This was then used in the standard command rmdir /s NUL~1 and finally resolved the issue.
I was having this same issue.
If you have WSL2 installed just go to that directory and run:
rm -f nul
In my case the file was lowercase. You should be good.
Try writing a short C program that calls the Windows API to delete that file.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363915%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
If that doesn't work, try opening a handle to the file with CreateFile() with FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE, and then close the handle.

.bat to .sh converting for SQL*Loader Start on UNIX PC

I have a simple .bat file
#echo; set nls_lang=russian_cis.ru8pc866
#echo off
SET NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS=. '
sqlldr.exe userid=PRB/0611#TSESTDB control=control_file.ctl LOG=fdb_log.log errors=100
cmd
and i need to convert to .sh file for running on the UNIX based pc.
I began to read "BASH Programming - Introduction HOW-TO" (is it suitable for beginners?), but it is a episodical task and dead line comes.
Could anybody help me to convert file? Thanks a lot!!!
rewriting your script.
#!/bin/bash
# #echo;
# set nls_lang=russian_cis.ru8pc866
export NLS_LANG=russian_cis.ru8pc866
# not needed #echo off
# SET NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS=. '
export NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS='.'
PATH="/path/to/sqlDir/install:${PATH}"
# sqlldr.exe userid=PRB/0611#TSESTDB control=control_file.ctl LOG=fdb_log.log errors=100
sqlldr userid=PRB/0611#TSESTDB control=control_file.ctl LOG=fdb_log.log errors=100
# ? cmd
I've left your code in, but commented out (using the shell comment char '#'). The uncommented lines are the 'translation' of .bat syntax into Linux/Unix bash/shell syntax.
There some things above that you may need to fix:
You'll have to include the correct value in the resetting of PATH,
note that the value there is strictly to illustrate the issue.
export is used so that variables set in the current shell (the
shell script) are visible to child processes that run from the shell
script, in this case the important one being sqlldr
I'm not sure what values you really need assigned to
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS. Note that by quoting with the single-quote
char ' available to the shell, you should get exactly the value
used that you intended. If '*' or other reg-exp chars are used, this
may cause problems.
You may find that sqlldr.exe has a different name altogether. The
linux/unix convention for executable commands does not require the
.exe extension, so I have used sqlldr. Just use the full name of
the program you find in the installed directory.
The line with #!/bin/bash needs to be the first line in the file, with no leading spaces.
You'll also need to inform your OS that the script is intended to be executable. From a bash cmd line, IN the directory that contains this script, do
chmod 755 mySQLLDR_runningScript
Finally, not sure why you have cmd at the end of your .bat file, to open a new window? You'll need to experiment on your system to find the correct cmd to do that. Maybe xterm.
I hope this helps.

Shell Script to typeset Lilypond files with Textwrangler

I need a shell script which will allow me to typeset Lilypond files from TextWrangler (A Mac App).
So far I have come up with this:
#!/bin/sh
/Applications/LilyPond.app/Contents/Resources/bin/lilypond -o $1
which, of course, doesn't work. (That's why I'm at Stack Overflow.)
When I run that script from the shebang menu in TextWrangler, I get this output:
/Applications/LilyPond.app/Contents/Resources/bin/lilypond: option faultpaper,
--output'' requires an argument
What gives?
I'm running Snow Leopard, TextWrangler, and Lilypond.
Help appreciated.
EDIT: Found a way to get the document path in a Unix Script launched by TextWrangler, so I've rewritten this.
There are multiple ways to work with scripts in TextWrangler through the #! menu, and I'm not sure which one you're trying to use. It looks, though, like you're trying to create a Unix Script to convert your LilyPond document.
As your error hints, Unix Scripts unfortunately aren't given any arguments at all, so $1 will be empty. However, it turns out that recent versions of BBEdit/TextWrangler do set some environment variables before running your script (see BBEdit 9.3 Release Notes and scroll down to Changes). In particular, you can use the following environment variable:
BB_DOC_PATH path of the document (not set if doc is unsaved)
So, save this script to ~/Library/Application Support/TextWrangler/Unix Support/Unix Scripts and you should be good to go.
Other ways you might be trying to do this that don't work well:
Using a Unix Filter: to do this you would have to select all of your LilyPond code in the document, and it would be saved into a temporary file, which is passed as an argument to your script. OK, so that gets you an input filename, at the cost of some hassle. But then the output of that script (i.e. the LiiyPond compiler output) by default replaces whatever you just selected, which is probably not what you want. Wrong tool for the job.
Using #! → Run on a LilyPond file: This involves putting a #! line at the top of your file and having TextWrangler attempt to execute your file as a script, using the #! as a guide to selecting the script interpreter. Unfortunately, the #! line only works with certain scripting languages, and LilyPond (not quite a scripting language) isn't one of them. This is what Peter Hilton is trying to do, and as he notes, you will get LilyPond syntax errors if you try to add a #! line to the top of a LilyPond file. (If you're curious, there is technically a way to get #! → Run to work, which is to embed your LilyPond code inside an executable shell or perl script, using here-document syntax. But this is a gross hack that will quickly become unwieldly.)
There are a few limitations to the script linked above:
It doesn't check to see whether you saved your document before running LilyPond. It would be nice to have TextWrangler automatically save before running LilyPond.
It can't take snippets of text or unsaved documents as input, only saved documents.
You can make more sophisticated solutions that would address these by turning to AppleScript. Two ways of doing this:
Create a script that's specific to TextWrangler and drop it in ~/Library/Application Support/TextWrangler/Scripts. It then shows up in the AppleScript menu (the weird scrolly S), or you can get at it by bringing up Window → Palettes → Scripts. I believe two folks out there have gone down this path and shared their results:
Henk van Voorthuijsen (Lilypond.applescript extracted from MacOS 10.5 Applescript for TextWrangler thread on lilypond-devel, 21-Jul-2008)
Dr Nicola Vitacolonna (LilyPond in TextWrangler – uses TeXShop).
Create a Mac OS Service, which would potentially be a method that would be reusable across just about any text editor. This was how we used to compile Common Music files way back in the NeXT days, so I can testify to its elegance. I don't have a good up-to-date example of this, unfortunately.
Good question. It actually runs Lilypond on my system if you do this:
#!/Applications/LilyPond.app/Contents/Resources/bin/lilypond -o $1
… but fails because # is not a line-comment character so Lilypond tries to parse the line.
Surrounding it with a block comment fails because TextWrangler cannot find the ‘shebang’ line.
%{
#!/Applications/LilyPond.app/Contents/Resources/bin/lilypond -o $1
%}
An alternative is to use Smultron 3, which lets you define commands that you can run with a keyboard shortcut.

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