Partially apply an AngularJS directive - angularjs

Say I want to create 'desktop-only' and 'mobile-only' directives that hide or show an element based on and env test. There are a dozen ways I could go about it, but a cool one would be to "partially apply" the existing 'ng-show' directive. So 'desktop-only' would be the equivalent of, and actually delegate to, 'ng-show="env.isDesktop"' but without the need to do the env test in some parent controller and put env in my scope.
Another common example would be a tabs plugin. I could write a tab directive to show and hide elements using show and hide jQuery functions, but this would lose a lot of the functionality already in the ngShow directive. Couldn't I have my tab directive extend the ngShow directive in order to get access to all that variable parsing, integration with ngAnimate, etc...
Is this possible?
Thanks

When using isolate scopes you could manually proxy some variables into the scope: $scope.current.device = $rootScope.current.device;
Appart from that, you could use the afforementioned approach to put a device model on $rootScope and have methods and fields, such as 'hasTouch' that did calls to Modernizr and similar.
So yes, this is possible.

Related

If you build an AngularJS custom directive, is it bad practice to use jQuery inside the code?

Sometimes when I build an Angular custom directive, I will hear a comment as to, if it is an Angular directive, it should not use jQuery code in it, because it should be built in an AngularJS way.
And I thought it might be true, but is it possible? For example, what if the directive template has 2 sections, one is the words and one is the tiny images (such as review stars), and so you need 2 sections in your template, labeled as .description and .star-images -- so then you should need to use $.find(".description") to find that section inside your template if you need to do something to it or inside it. jqLite won't work as jqLite's find() is limited to tags only.
Another example is, what if you have a directive that doesn't have a template, but just limit the keypress to digits only, say, for an input box. So you don't want your directive to have a template as <input type="text"> but just want the user of the directive to say <input type="text" digits-input-only> and your directive is called digitsInputOnly. So in that case, don't you need to use jQuery's elem.on() or elem.bind() to listen on keypress or keydown events, and when the key down code is not a digit, then do a event.preventDefault()? So in that case, it has to use jQuery?
Or other there other ways to do it so that you really shouldn't need to use jQuery?
As a long time user of jQuery it is easy while learning angular to lean on jQuery however none of the cases mentioned are difficult to work around not having it...and in most cases are actually easier
Try removing jQuery completely from your project to avoid temptation and you will quickly realize how little you really need it
The core directives provide the majority of the event handlers needed and angular.element (jQlite) also has bind() which will accept virtually any event name. $document.bind('contextmenu', function(event) for example.
The core dom event directives all let you pass in $event for things like event.preventDefault()
<input ng-keydown="somefunc($event)">
For traverses you can always use a native method to query DOM to find an element and wrap that element (or collection) in angular.element() the same way you would with $(). The more you focus on data models and core directives first however, the less you find need to actually do dom traverses
As for plugins ... it's not a sin to use jQuery plugins in directives. There are some very commonly used angular modules that are wrappers for well known jQuery plugins ... fullcalendar and Datatables are a couple that quickly come to mind along with numerous datepickers. However often you will find situations where you may have previously leaned on a plugin to do simple tasks that angular makes easy itself and you no longer would use such plugins
The sin with using jQuery plugins is using ones that are actually easier to achieve (and test) using angular itself
In conclusion, the biggest adjustment is learning how to focus on data models first, before thinking about the DOM. Also being intimately familiar with the left side menu of the API reference where all the core directives and services are listed is a huge help

Dependency injection in Angular Directive

Why is injecting a Controller in a directive done through require but other dependencies through the array annotation?
Require a Controller
If you want to share the same instance of a controller, then you use require.
require ensures the presence of another directive and then includes its controller as a parameter to the link function. So if you have two directives on one element, your directive can require the presence of the other directive and gain access to its controller methods. A common use case for this is to require ngModel.
^require, with the addition of the caret, checks elements above directive in addition to the current element to try to find the other directive. This allows you to create complex components where "sub-components" can communicate with the parent component through its controller to great effect. Examples could include tabs, where each pane can communicate with the overall tabs to handle switching; an accordion set could ensure only one is open at a time; etc.
In either event, you have to use the two directives together for this to work. require is a way of communicating between components.
Courtesy of Josh David Miller
How to require a controller in an angularjs directive
For the array annotation reason take a look at this stuffs
Why is the function in angular's DI inline annotation a array element?
Controllers are never really injected into something else. When you use require, you're just gaining access to other controllers on the parent element or current element. These "other directives" have to exist on their own on the same element, or parent element, hence the name 'require.'
Another way of putting it is, with require you're not asking for something to be passed in, instantiated, or created, you're just saying "I want that to exist on this element... and oh by the way I can access it in the link function since I know it exists."

How to output data from a directive to a controller, and should I?

Use case
For use in a form, I created a directive that tracks changes in an array. It allows changes to be reverted and deletions and additions to be stored separately. It allows for an array (one to many mapping in the database) to be updated incrementally (rather than requiring the server to either diff, or rewrite the entire list).
Problem?
My question is about the way I expose the functionality to the controller's scope. I currently use an two-way databound attribute on the directive's scope. This works, and it seems reliable (of course you can easily break it by reassigning the scope's value, but intentionally you can break anything).
Code
You can see this plunk to see this in action. It allows methods on the directive's controller to be called from the view and the view's controller. (I am using the directive controller intentionally because that's what I do in my actual code for the directive to directive communication, but this could also just be placed in the linking function.)
Question
Is this way of doing it bad design? Am I completely throwing AngularJS out of the window now and hacking in my own code. Are there any better ways to expose functions from a directive (keep in mind that there'll be multiple of these in a single form).
It's very easy to pass in my-attribute="someFunction()" to have the directive be a consumer of the view controller. I can't find a better way to do the opposite and have the view controller consume from the directive.
Alternative?
I've been thinking about using a service here, in which the service will provide an object that is instanciated in the view, passed to the directive, and have the directive blurp out it's results to that object. Then in turn have the view controller consume the information from that service's object. Would this be a better approach?
There's nothing wrong with your approach. In fact built-in angular directives such as ng-form use this approach to store the controller in the scope (see the name property of ng-form) http://docs.angularjs.org/api/ng.directive:ngForm
For more re-usability though I would put the api methods on the controller and then put the controller itself in the api:
this.getChanges = function () {};
this.resetChanges = function(){};
$scope.api = this;
In directives, the main purpose of the controller is to serve as an api for other directives (if you didn't need an api for other directives you could just do everything in the link function). Doing it this way ensures the api is available both on the scope as well as to any directive that 'requires' the oneToMany directive.

Extending directives in AngularJS (sharing properties before and after link)

I have a directive which creates a rich text editor in its LinkingFunction. The small directive I'm using for my rich text editor can be found at https://github.com/angular-ui/ui-tinymce/blob/master/src/tinymce.js.
I need to extend this directive with another directive which will allow me to configure the default options and access the element created by the previous directive.
If possible, I would like to do this without forking the original ui-tinymce directive (linked to above). In this directive there are two properties:
uiTinymceConfig which I need to be able to access and configure before this directive's LinkingFunction is run (before the options are passed to TinyMCE)
tinyInstance which I need to manipulate after it has been created by this directive
I've done plenty of research into extending directives, as well as the different attributes available to the "Directive Definition Object", such as link, pre-link, post-link, compile, and controller. I have experimented with sharing properties between two directives using some of these methods, but I have not come up with a solution that fits my needs (above).
I am happy to fork this original directive code if it is not possible to achieve what is needed without doing so.
So I investigated this a little for you, and came up with this Plnkr.
This will let you override the value provided for injection - note that you can do this in a module that depends on the submodule, so you can provide different configurations for different modules that depend on the submodule, which would be of use for the ui-tinymce directive.
Using a similar principle, you should be able to edit the config value for uiTinymceConfig by just simply overriding it. You can even do this and override it right in the base module if you'd like.
If you want to edit the instance itself after instantiation, you can simply access it by using the ID attribute and calling tinymce.get('#IDattribute') directly anywhere in your code.

AngularJS: Where to put which logic when building an HTML widget

I'm very(!) new to Angular.js and am trying to understand where to put the various parts of my logic in order to follow best practices and separate business and presentation logic.
My specific use case is that I have a list of courses with a number of signups and a number of available seats. Based on these values I want to present a progress bar (or, if the available seats is not set, just a text).
My question is where to put the various parts of the logic, and how to pass the values along properly. So far I've created the HTML-part of a directive, like so:
<signupprogress available="{{course.available_seats}}" filled="{{course.filled_seats}}"></signupprogress>
My question is then (first and foremost) if a directive is the proper way to do this and, of so, if the logic for constructing the progress bar should go in the compile function, link function, in a template, or some other place. To me the compile of link function seems to be most correct, but I don't want to fill them with HTML, nor am I able to properly get the attribute values from the HTML (the attrs.$observe examples I've seen only implement the getting of one attribute).
Yes, use a directive since you need to modify the DOM.
If all of the HTML for the progress bar and the alternative text can be placed in the directive's template, then do that. And, if that is possible, use '#' for one-way binding, which makes it clear that the directive does not need to modify the "available" and "filled" values. If you find you need a linking function, then as #ShaiRez mentioned, '=' is probably easier. (BTW, here is a way to $watch multiple attributes, instead of using $observe. Maybe the same technique can be used for $observe.)
To display either a progress bar or the alternative text in the template, use ng-hide or ng-show in the template. Here's a simple example of that (which also uses '#').
The directive is the way to go in my opinion.
I would have my HTML content inside of a template, the logic inside of the link function (the compile function is usually more for repeaters etc).
And use the "scope" property in the directive definition, set to "=", that way changes are reflected automatically.

Resources