WPF Bind to a different property path when binding value is null - wpf

I need to do something similar to a PriorityBinding, except the lower priority binding is used when the binding is null (not when the binding is invalid like in a PriorityBinding). I can't seem to figure out a 'good' way to do this short of creating two duplicate controls one with each binding I want to use and triggering their visibility based on whether or not the binding is null. There must be a better way as I do not want to update two controls every time I need to change something (duplicate code == bad).
Example:
when SelectedItem.SelectedItem is not null:
<ContentControl Content="{Binding SelectedItem.SelectedItem}"/>
and when SelectedItem.SelectedItem is null:
<ContentControl Content="{Binding SelectedItem}"/>
using a Style like this did not work:
<ContentControl Content="{Binding SelectedItem.SelectedItem}">
<ContentControl.Style>
<Style TargetType="ContentControl">
<Style.Triggers>
<DataTrigger Binding="{Binding SelectedItem.SelectedItem}" Value="{x:Null}">
<Setter Property="Content" Value="{Binding SelectedItem}"/>
</DataTrigger>
</Style.Triggers>
</Style>
</ContentControl.Style>
</ContentControl>
I'm guessing this did not work because the bindings in the style are trying to use the ContentControl's Content property as their source so the DataTrigger is acually testing SelectedItem.SelectedItem.SelectedItem.SelectedItem. Any ideas?

You could use MultiBinding to achive what you want:
<ContentControl Content="{Binding SelectedItem.SelectedItem}">
<ContentControl.Content>
<MultiBinding Converter="{StaticResource ResourceKey=myConverter}">
<Binding Path="SelectedItem"/>
<Binding Path="SelectedItem.SelectedItem"/>
</MultiBinding>
</ContentControl.Content>
</ContentControl>
Your Converter could look like
public class MyMultiConverter:IMultiValueConverter
{
public object Convert(object[] values, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
if (values[1] == null)
return values[0];
return values[1];
}
public object[] ConvertBack(object values, Type[] targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
return null;
}
}

Related

Change a Path's Fill color depending on a bool property

I have a DataTemplate with a Path in a ResourceDictionary and I want to change the Fill color for the Path (would choose between two colors) depending on a bool property from the viewmodel.
<DataTemplate x:Key="FileIcon">
<Path Data="M20.8573547,8.0085467..." Fill="#F0F1F3" Width="30" Height="30"/>
</DataTemplate>
I presume, I need to use some converter but not sure how to write the XAML code for it. Something like this?
<Path Fill="{Binding MyBoolProperty, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType=Path}, Converter={StaticResource BoolToColorConverter}}"/>
The Path isn't an ancestor of itself. If the viewmodel is the Path's DataContext, a conventional binding should suffice:
<Path
Fill="{Binding MyBoolProperty, Converter={StaticResource BoolToColorHiddenConverter}}"
/>
You could also skip the converter and use a Style trigger. Note that the default Fill is no longer set as an attribute in this version; if it is, then it'll override anything the Style does.
<Path
Data="M20.8573547,8.0085467..."
Width="30"
Height="30"
>
<Path.Style>
<Style TargetType="Path">
<Setter Property="Fill" Value="#F0F1F3" />
<Style.Triggers>
<DataTrigger
Binding="{Binding MyBoolProperty}"
Value="True"
>
<Setter Property="Fill" Value="FluorescentBeige" />
</DataTrigger>
</Style.Triggers>
</Style>
</Path.Style>
</Path>
If you want to use a converter, you can follow this example code for making one:
1. Make a new class
2. Use the following namespaces:
using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Data;
3. Inherit and implement the IValueConverter Interface
4. In the Convert function, evaluate the value parameter and return the corresponding color you want
Example Code
class BoolToColorConverter : IValueConverter
{
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
if ((bool)value == true)
{
// return the color you want
}
else
{
// return the color you want
}
}
public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}

Highlight item in ItemsControl

I want to render a couple of elements using an ItemsControl, and highlight one of them
My ViewModel:
public class ViewModel
{
public List<Item> Items;
public Item HighlightedItem;
}
My XAML:
<ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding Items}">
<ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<myUserControl Background="{?}" />
</DataTemplate>
</ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
</ItemsControl>
I want to highlight the item by setting the background property to something specific, how should I go on about it?
First have a converter which will compare reference of two objects say ObjectEqualsConverter
public class ObjectEqualsConverter : IMultiValueConverter
{
#region IMultiValueConverter
public object Convert(object[] values, Type targetType, object parameter,
CultureInfo culture)
{
return values[0] == values[1];
}
public object[] ConvertBack(object value, Type[] targetTypes, object parameter,
CultureInfo culture)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
#endregion
}
And in XAML file, use converter to check if current item is same as highlighted item in ViewModel and in case converter returns true set the color of control using trigger-
<ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding Items}">
<ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<myUserControl x:Name="myControl" />
<DataTemplate.Triggers>
<DataTrigger Value="True">
<DataTrigger.Binding>
<MultiBinding Converter="{StaticResource ObjectEqualsConverter}">
<Binding/>
<Binding Path="DataContext.HighlightedItem" RelativeSource="{RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor, AncestorType=ItemsControl}"/>
</MultiBinding>
</DataTrigger.Binding>
<Setter TargetName="myControl" Property="Background" Value="Red"/>
</DataTrigger>
</DataTemplate.Triggers>
</DataTemplate>
</ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
</ItemsControl>
Make sure you add converter as a resource in your xaml file.

Change style of last item in ListBox

I have listbox control which has list of colors. Here is code and Image:
<ListBox Name="FillSelections" VerticalContentAlignment="Stretch" HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedColor}" SelectionMode="Single" Style="{StaticResource HorizontalListBoxStyle}" ItemsSource="{Binding FillColors}" ItemTemplate="{StaticResource ColorsItemTemplate}"></ListBox>
<DataTemplate x:Key="ColorsItemTemplate">
<Border BorderBrush="Transparent">
<Rectangle Width="20" StrokeThickness="1" Stroke="Black">
<Rectangle.Fill>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{Binding}" />
</Rectangle.Fill>
</Rectangle>
</Border>
Image:
How would I change style of last item only like this:
This can be achieved through converter which do the work of finding if its last item in the listbox -
Converter
public class IsLastItemInContainerConverter : IValueConverter
{
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType,
object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
DependencyObject item = (DependencyObject)value;
ItemsControl ic = ItemsControl.ItemsControlFromItemContainer(item);
return ic.ItemContainerGenerator.IndexFromContainer(item)
== ic.Items.Count - 1;
}
public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType,
object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
And using that you can set the DataTemplate in your xaml class like this -
<ListBox ItemContainerStyle="{StaticResource ColorsItemStyle}"/>
<Style x:Key="ColorsItemStyle">
<Style.Triggers>
<DataTrigger Binding="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self},
Converter={StaticResource IsLastItemInContainerConverter}}" Value="False">
<Setter Property="ContentTemplate">
<Setter.Value>
<DataTemplate></DataTemplate> // Your template goes here
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</DataTrigger>
<DataTrigger Binding="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self},
Converter={StaticResource IsLastItemInContainerConverter}}" Value="True">
<Setter Property="ContentTemplate">
<Setter.Value>
<DataTemplate></DataTemplate> // Your lastItem template goes here
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</DataTrigger>
</Style.Triggers>
</Style>
to get this to work w/ a ListBox that changes over time I ended up using a MultiBinding:
<DataTemplate x:Key="myItemTemplate">
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<TextBlock Text="{Binding}"/>
<TextBlock x:Name="dots" Text="..."/>
</StackPanel>
<DataTemplate.Triggers>
<DataTrigger Value="False">
<DataTrigger.Binding>
<MultiBinding Converter="{StaticResource isLastItemInContainerConverter}">
<Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType=ListBoxItem}" />
<Binding Path="Items.Count" RelativeSource="{RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType=ListBox}" />
</MultiBinding>
</DataTrigger.Binding>
<Setter TargetName="dots" Property="Visibility" Value="Collapsed"/>
</DataTrigger>
</DataTemplate.Triggers>
</DataTemplate>
Note: the second binding is only used to get notified when the list changes
here is the corresponding MultivalueConverter
public class IsLastItemInContainerConverter : IMultiValueConverter
{
public object Convert(object[] values, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
DependencyObject item = (DependencyObject)values[0];
ItemsControl ic = ItemsControl.ItemsControlFromItemContainer(item);
return ic.ItemContainerGenerator.IndexFromContainer(item) == ic.Items.Count - 1;
}
public object[] ConvertBack(object value, Type[] targetTypes, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
Stop Messing With The UI... It's Just Data!!!
Personally, I think the easiest way to do this is using a CompositeCollection (or a custom enumerator). The advantage of this way of thinking is it properly separates this as data, which is what it is, rather than messing with custom UI nonsense/bindings/relative sources, etc.
I'll explain.
Consider you are trying to show 'x' number of dynamically-generated colors stored in a myColors collection, followed by something that means 'no color' (your box with the line in it.)
First, define a 'no color' token somewhere in your app, like so...
class NoColorToken{}
Then define a DataTemplate targeting that class, like so...
<DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type ns:NoColorToken}">
<TextBlock Text="Replace with template representing 'no color'" />
</DataTemplate>
You could even make it more generic calling it a NoSelectionToken to use with any type of list. Just make sure to scope the DataTemplate to that specific location's usage (i.e. no color in this example.)
Then in your code, just stuff your colors into a CompositeCollection followed by an instance of the NoColorToken class, like so:
var colorsAndToken = new CompositeCollection();
colorsAndToken.Add(new CollectionContainer(myColors));
colorsAndToken.Add(new NoColorToken());
itemsControl.ItemsSource = colorsAndToken;
Changes to MyColors (if observable) will automatically update the UI.
Things can be made even easier if they don't need to be observable (i.e. No individual adds or removals) by simply writing an enumerator function (essentially the simplified basics of what CompositeCollection does internally.)
IEnumerable ColorsWithToken(IEnumerable colors){
foreach (var color in colors)
yield return color;
yield return new NoColorToken();
}
itemsControl.ItemsSource = ColorsWithToken(myColors);
Again though, the custom enumerator approach won't track changes to myColors. If myColors changes, you have to re-assign ItemsSource. However, if you go the route of the CompositeCollection, it handles updates automatically, just at the expense of a new object, the CompositeCollection, but that's what it's there for.
By the way, you can also wrap the above in a converter that handles either approach for you, returning either the enumerator, or a CompositeCollection for a pure XAML approach regardless of which ItemsControl.ItemsSource you're applying it to. I've actually done exactly that with an AddNoSelectionPlaceholder converter.)
Again, the reason I prefer this is it treats the items, including the 'no color' item as data, which is what it is. Even better, since it is data, it lets you easily change things around. Want the 'no color' item to be first? Just switch the order you added them.
colorsAndToken.Add(new NoColorToken());
colorsAndToken.Add(new CollectionContainer(myColors));
or
yield return new NoColorToken();
foreach (var color in colors)
yield return color;
Again, it's just data now. Nothing 'clever' needs to be done in the data template or control, bindings or anywhere else. Even better, it's now also fully unit-testable. No UI needed.

Turn off and on column visibility

I have a DataGrid with many columns and I'd like to provide the users with a drop down that allows them to select which columns they can see. I'm using the .Net 4 WPF DataGrid in a desktop application.
Does anyone know of an easy way to accomplish what I am trying to do.
I do this as follows.
I derive from the grid an add an ICommand called HideShowColumnCommand that takes as its parameter a DataGridColumn (the one I want to hide or show) and hides the column if it is visible, and shows it if it is not.
Then I use a tricky context menu that I attach to the column header that has a tick that shows the column visible/hidden state..
The context menu looks like so
<ContextMenu
ItemsSource="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}, Path=Column.DataGridOwner.Columns}">
<ContextMenu.Resources>
<local:DataGridHeaderVisibilityToBooleanConverter
x:Key="visibilityConverter" />
<BooleanToVisibilityConverter
x:Key="VisibilityOfBool" />
<DataTemplate
DataType="{x:Type DataGridColumn}">
<ContentPresenter
Content="{Binding Path=Header}"
RecognizesAccessKey="True" />
</DataTemplate>
</ContextMenu.Resources>
<ContextMenu.ItemContainerStyle>
<Style
TargetType="MenuItem">
<!--Warning dont change the order of the following two setters
otherwise the command parameter gets set after the command fires,
not much use eh?-->
<Setter
Property="CommandParameter"
Value="{Binding Path=.}" />
<Setter
Property="Command"
Value="{Binding Path=DataGridOwner.HideShowColumnCommand}" />
<Setter
Property="IsChecked"
Value="{Binding Path=Visibility, Converter={StaticResource visibilityConverter}}" />
</Style>
</ContextMenu.ItemContainerStyle>
</ContextMenu>
The converter like this
public class DataGridHeaderVisibilityToBooleanConverter :IValueConverter{
#region IValueConverter Members
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) {
try {
Visibility visibility = (Visibility)value;
if (visibility == Visibility.Visible) {
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
catch { }
return null;
}
public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) {
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
#endregion
}

WPF - Converting to multiple properties possible?

I have a textbox and a checkbox, i would like to set three properties on the textbox based on whether the checkbox is checked or not.
I can bind the properties to the checkbox but then i need to know what property is being bound in the converter.
For example, when unchecked i would like the textbox properties to be AcceptsReturn="False" TextWrapping="NoWrap" Height="25".
Then checked: AcceptsReturn="True" TextWrapping="Wrap" Height="100".
Will this require 3 converters or can i tell the converter "if checked==true && boundfrom == height, return 100"
Thanks,
Kohan
Accepted Solution
<TextBox Name="txtAnswer" Margin="5" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden" >
<TextBox.Style>
<Style>
<Style.Triggers>
<DataTrigger Binding="{Binding ElementName=cbMultiLine, Path=IsChecked}" Value="True">
<Setter Property="TextBox.TextWrapping" Value="Wrap" />
<Setter Property="TextBox.Height" Value="100" />
<Setter Property="TextBox.AcceptsReturn" Value="True" />
</DataTrigger>
</Style.Triggers>
</Style>
</TextBox.Style>
</TextBox>
This should work with one converter by using the ConverterParameter property on the binding:
Converter="{StaticResource MyIsCheckedConverter}" ConverterParameter="height"
The Converter would look like:
public class IsCheckedConverter : IValueConverter
{
public object Convert(
object value, Type targetType,
object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
object returnValue;
if (!((bool?)value).HasValue)
//do something if null (but I don't see why it would be)
switch ((string) parameter)
{
case "height":
returnValue = ((bool?)value).Value ? 100 : 25;
break;
case "TextWrapping":
.....
.....
}
return returnValue;
}
public object ConvertBack(
object value, Type targetType,
object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
//Likewise for convert back but I think in your case you wouldn't need to convert back
}
}
i would seriously consider using a data trigger. its a ui concern so i would try to avoid using your view model. you could do this with just a few lines of xaml.
<CheckBox x:Name="myCheckBox" />
<TextBox
AcceptsReturn="{Binding ElementName=myCheckBox, Path=IsChecked}"
TextWrapping="{Binding ElementName=myCheckBox, Path=IsChecked, Converter={StaticResource boolToTextWrappingConverter}}"
Height="{Binding ElementName=myCheckBox, Path=IsChecked, Converter={StaticResource boolToHeightConverter}}"
/>
this would reduce it to 2 converters. you could also write one boolToTextWrappingOrHeight converter as you suggested in your post, and pass in a CommandParameter=height and CommandParameter=textwrapping and look at the parameter in the converter, but I'm not a fan of that approach. A third option would be to create IsChecked, TextWrapping and Height properties in your viewmodel, bind to those, and put your conversion logic in the properties.

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