SQL Server : create function - sql-server

I am having a little trouble trying to create a function that I can call to generate a 32 character random ID. I have it working in query editor but it is my understanding that to generate this in multiple lines of results accompanied by existing data from tables I have to create a function and call it. Here is my code:
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[Func_Gen_OID] (#NewOID varchar(32))
RETURNS VARCHAR(32) AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #Length int = 32
DECLARE #Output varchar(32)
DECLARE #counter smallint
DECLARE #RandomNumber float
DECLARE #RandomNumberInt tinyint
DECLARE #CurrentCharacter varchar(1)
DECLARE #ValidCharacters varchar(255)
SET #ValidCharacters = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789'
DECLARE #ValidCharactersLength int
SET #ValidCharactersLength = len(#ValidCharacters)
SET #CurrentCharacter = ''
SET #RandomNumber = 0
SET #RandomNumberInt = 0
SET #Output = ''
SET NOCOUNT ON
SET #counter = 1
WHILE #counter < (#Length + 1)
BEGIN
SET #RandomNumber = Rand()
SET #RandomNumberInt = Convert(tinyint, ((#ValidCharactersLength - 1) * #RandomNumber + 1))
SELECT #CurrentCharacter = SUBSTRING(#ValidCharacters, #RandomNumberInt, 1)
SET #counter = #counter + 1
SET #Output = #Output + #CurrentCharacter
RETURN #Output
END
Thanks for any and all help!

instead of RAND() function, use this:
create view ViewRandomNumbers
as
select rand( ) as Number
go

I'll guess you're seeing this error:
Invalid use of a side-effecting operator 'rand' within a function.
You can't use RAND() inside a user-defined function directly (you'd need a view as an intermediary). And in this case, RAND would return the same value for every row of your query anyway as you haven't specified a varying seed (different for each call to the function).
If you want to encapsulate the rest of the logic inside the function, you will need to pass it a randomly-generated value from elsewhere, possibly generated via CHECKSUM() and NEWID().
There are some possibilities mentioned in this SQL Server Central thread

Two issues I see:
You are returning #Output inside your while loop.
You don't need the input parameter as you aren't using it inside the function

Related

Replacing individual digits in a CustomerID field SQL Server

I have some customer data that needs to be anonymised. I have customerIds which consists of numbers.
for example:
CustomerID
3937487
I need to swap each digit with an alternative, which should be enough for my requirement. Based on the following lookup table
Only issue I'm having is when I use the REPLACE function on the field:
REPLACE(REPLACE(CustomerID,2,9),9,6)
which gives me
CustomerID
3637487
It's swapping the digit 2 to a 9, then that same 9 to a 6. It needs to only replace the digits ONCE.
As I'm going to be changing millions of records in one go, using temp tables isn't possible from a performance perspective. Can this be done in one query, recursively?
I can't think of any way of accomplishing this in a single query. If I wanted to do this I'd create a function something along the lines of
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[AnonymiseId]
(
#Id [int]
)
RETURNS [int]
AS
BEGIN
-- Declare the return variable here
DECLARE #ResultVar int;
DECLARE #substitutions nvarchar(10) = '7295380146';
DECLARE #stringId nvarchar(100) = CONVERT(nvarchar(100), #Id);
DECLARE #i int = 1
DECLARE #substituteStringId nvarchar(100) = '';
WHILE #i <= LEN(#stringID)
BEGIN
DECLARE #char nvarchar = SUBSTRING(#stringId, #i, 1);
DECLARE #charValue int = CONVERT(int, #char);
DECLARE #subsChar nvarchar = SUBSTRING(#substitutions, #charValue + 1, 1);
SET #substituteStringId = CONCAT(#substituteStringId, #subsChar);
SET #i = #i + 1
END
SET #ResultVar = CONVERT(int, #substituteStringId);
-- Return the result of the function
RETURN #ResultVar;
END
GO
and then just use it in the query
SELECT dbo.AnonymiseId(CustomerID) FROM ???

In a SQL Server stored procedure, can a loop be used to access the values of multiple-parameters if the paramaters are named similarly?

I have a stored procedure which is supposed to query based on user selections. The stored procedure takes three GUID parameters (user selected) and holds each GUID in it's own variable called '#GUID_X' where X would be an integer in the range of [1-15).
The stored procedure needs to query for these GUID values and since there is a pattern to the variable names, I'd like to use a loop to iterate through the variables to access their values and then insert each value into the query.
So far, I've tried concatenating '#GUID_' + 'counter number' and ended up with a list of values such as:
#FoodGUID_3
#FoodGUID_2
#FoodGUID_1
When in reality, I was expecting a list that looked like:
ABABABA1-FGH-1234-ZX12-123456EDVERT
GHDF1234-CVB-4312-CV15-678912NK1284
VBNM5678-BVC-2134-BN18-852741DC1434
Why can't I access the actual GUID values of the declared #FoodGUID_X args? What would be a better way of approaching this problem? Ideally the approach wouldn't be to use an 'if' clause for each arg since this might be expensive!
For ref. here if my full code:
DECLARE #foodGUID_1 NVARCHAR(360) = N'ABABABA1-FGH-1234-ZX12-123456EDVERT',
#foodGUID_2 NVARCHAR(360) = N'GHDF1234-CVB-4312-CV15-678912NKOMLP',
#foodGUID_3 NVARCHAR(360) = N'VBNM5678-BVC-2134-BN18-852741DCFVGB'
DECLARE #SelectSQL NVARCHAR(2500) = 'Query string + '
DECLARE #NumOfFoodsSelected INT = 3
DECLARE #counter INT = #NumOfFoodsSelected
DECLARE #currentGUID NVARCHAR(360)
SET #currentGUID = '#DeviceGUID_'+ CONVERT(NVARCHAR(15), #counter)
PRINT #currentGUID
WHILE (#counter != 1)
BEGIN
SET #counter = #counter - 1
SET #currentGUID = '#DeviceGUID_'+ CONVERT(NVARCHAR(15), #counter)
PRINT #currentGUID
END
Thanks in advance for any and all help! :)
you can use UDT as parameter on your stored procedure to store your GUIDs.
So your script will look like this.
declare #goodGuids table (
id int identity(1, 1),
foodguid NVARCHAR(360)
);
insert into #goodGuids(foodguid) values
(N'ABABABA1-FGH-1234-ZX12-123456EDVERT'),
(N'GHDF1234-CVB-4312-CV15-678912NKOMLP'),
(N'VBNM5678-BVC-2134-BN18-852741DCFVGB')
select 'DeviceGUID_' + foodguid from #goodGuids
A table value constructor can be used to access the names and values:
DECLARE #foodGUID_1 NVARCHAR(360) = N'ABABABA1-FGH-1234-ZX12-123456EDVERT',
#foodGUID_2 NVARCHAR(360) = N'GHDF1234-CVB-4312-CV15-678912NKOMLP',
#foodGUID_3 NVARCHAR(360) = N'VBNM5678-BVC-2134-BN18-852741DCFVGB';
select VariableValue
from ( values
( '#foodGUID_1', #foodGUID_1 ),
( '#foodGUID_2', #foodGUID_2 ),
( '#foodGUID_3', #foodGUID_3 )
) as foodGUIDs( VariableName, VariableValue )
where VariableName = '#foodGUID_2';
The where clause could be where VariableName = '#foodGUID_' + Cast( #Counter as VarChar(2) ) for brute force looping through the values. The value can be retrieved in a variable using select #foodGUID = VariableValue from ...
The table value constructor can be used in a variety of queries as a derived table, e.g. to insert multiple rows into a table or as one side of a join in a select.

Using Wildcards in SQL to delete part of a string [duplicate]

SELECT REPLACE('<strong>100</strong><b>.00 GB', '%^(^-?\d*\.{0,1}\d+$)%', '');
I want to replace any markup between two parts of the number with above regex, but it does not seem to work. I'm not sure if it is regex syntax that's wrong because I tried simpler one such as '%[^0-9]%' just to test but it didn't work either. Does anyone know how can I achieve this?
You can use PATINDEX
to find the first index of the pattern (string's) occurrence. Then use STUFF to stuff another string into the pattern(string) matched.
Loop through each row. Replace each illegal characters with what you want. In your case replace non numeric with blank. The inner loop is if you have more than one illegal character in a current cell that of the loop.
DECLARE #counter int
SET #counter = 0
WHILE(#counter < (SELECT MAX(ID_COLUMN) FROM Table))
BEGIN
WHILE 1 = 1
BEGIN
DECLARE #RetVal varchar(50)
SET #RetVal = (SELECT Column = STUFF(Column, PATINDEX('%[^0-9.]%', Column),1, '')
FROM Table
WHERE ID_COLUMN = #counter)
IF(#RetVal IS NOT NULL)
UPDATE Table SET
Column = #RetVal
WHERE ID_COLUMN = #counter
ELSE
break
END
SET #counter = #counter + 1
END
Caution: This is slow though! Having a varchar column may impact. So using LTRIM RTRIM may help a bit. Regardless, it is slow.
Credit goes to this StackOverFlow answer.
EDIT
Credit also goes to #srutzky
Edit (by #Tmdean)
Instead of doing one row at a time, this answer can be adapted to a more set-based solution. It still iterates the max of the number of non-numeric characters in a single row, so it's not ideal, but I think it should be acceptable in most situations.
WHILE 1 = 1 BEGIN
WITH q AS
(SELECT ID_Column, PATINDEX('%[^0-9.]%', Column) AS n
FROM Table)
UPDATE Table
SET Column = STUFF(Column, q.n, 1, '')
FROM q
WHERE Table.ID_Column = q.ID_Column AND q.n != 0;
IF ##ROWCOUNT = 0 BREAK;
END;
You can also improve efficiency quite a lot if you maintain a bit column in the table that indicates whether the field has been scrubbed yet. (NULL represents "Unknown" in my example and should be the column default.)
DECLARE #done bit = 0;
WHILE #done = 0 BEGIN
WITH q AS
(SELECT ID_Column, PATINDEX('%[^0-9.]%', Column) AS n
FROM Table
WHERE COALESCE(Scrubbed_Column, 0) = 0)
UPDATE Table
SET Column = STUFF(Column, q.n, 1, ''),
Scrubbed_Column = 0
FROM q
WHERE Table.ID_Column = q.ID_Column AND q.n != 0;
IF ##ROWCOUNT = 0 SET #done = 1;
-- if Scrubbed_Column is still NULL, then the PATINDEX
-- must have given 0
UPDATE table
SET Scrubbed_Column = CASE
WHEN Scrubbed_Column IS NULL THEN 1
ELSE NULLIF(Scrubbed_Column, 0)
END;
END;
If you don't want to change your schema, this is easy to adapt to store intermediate results in a table valued variable which gets applied to the actual table at the end.
Instead of stripping out the found character by its sole position, using Replace(Column, BadFoundCharacter, '') could be substantially faster. Additionally, instead of just replacing the one bad character found next in each column, this replaces all those found.
WHILE 1 = 1 BEGIN
UPDATE dbo.YourTable
SET Column = Replace(Column, Substring(Column, PatIndex('%[^0-9.-]%', Column), 1), '')
WHERE Column LIKE '%[^0-9.-]%'
If ##RowCount = 0 BREAK;
END;
I am convinced this will work better than the accepted answer, if only because it does fewer operations. There are other ways that might also be faster, but I don't have time to explore those right now.
In a general sense, SQL Server does not support regular expressions and you cannot use them in the native T-SQL code.
You could write a CLR function to do that. See here, for example.
For those looking for a performant and easy solution and are willing to enable CLR:
CREATE database TestSQLFunctions
go
use TestSQLFunctions
go
ALTER database TestSQLFunctions set trustworthy on
EXEC sp_configure 'clr enabled', 1
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE
go
CREATE ASSEMBLY [SQLFunctions]
AUTHORIZATION [dbo]
FROM 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WITH PERMISSION_SET = SAFE
go
CREATE FUNCTION RegexReplace(
#input nvarchar(max),
#pattern nvarchar(max),
#replacement nvarchar(max)
) RETURNS nvarchar (max)
AS EXTERNAL NAME SQLFunctions.[SQLFunctions.Regex].Replace;
go
-- outputs This is a test
SELECT dbo.RegexReplace('This is a test 12345','[0-9]','')
Content of the DLL:
I stumbled across this post looking for something else but thought I'd mention a solution I use which is far more efficient - and really should be the default implementation of any function when used with a set based query - which is to use a cross applied table function. Seems the topic is still active so hopefully this is useful to someone.
Example runtime on a few of the answers so far based on running recursive set based queries or scalar function, based on 1m rows test set removing the chars from a random newid, ranges from 34s to 2m05s for the WHILE loop examples and from 1m3s to {forever} for the function examples.
Using a table function with cross apply achieves the same goal in 10s. You may need to adjust it to suit your needs such as the max length it handles.
Function:
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[RemoveChars](#InputUnit VARCHAR(40))
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN
(
WITH Numbers_prep(Number) AS
(
SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1
)
,Numbers(Number) AS
(
SELECT TOP (ISNULL(LEN(#InputUnit),0))
row_number() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL))
FROM Numbers_prep a
CROSS JOIN Numbers_prep b
)
SELECT
OutputUnit
FROM
(
SELECT
substring(#InputUnit,Number,1)
FROM Numbers
WHERE substring(#InputUnit,Number,1) like '%[0-9]%'
ORDER BY Number
FOR XML PATH('')
) Sub(OutputUnit)
)
Usage:
UPDATE t
SET column = o.OutputUnit
FROM ##t t
CROSS APPLY [dbo].[RemoveChars](t.column) o
Here is a function I wrote to accomplish this based off of the previous answers.
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.RepetitiveReplace
(
#P_String VARCHAR(MAX),
#P_Pattern VARCHAR(MAX),
#P_ReplaceString VARCHAR(MAX),
#P_ReplaceLength INT = 1
)
RETURNS VARCHAR(MAX)
BEGIN
DECLARE #Index INT;
-- Get starting point of pattern
SET #Index = PATINDEX(#P_Pattern, #P_String);
while #Index > 0
begin
--replace matching charactger at index
SET #P_String = STUFF(#P_String, PATINDEX(#P_Pattern, #P_String), #P_ReplaceLength, #P_ReplaceString);
SET #Index = PATINDEX(#P_Pattern, #P_String);
end
RETURN #P_String;
END;
[Gist][1]
[1]: https://gist.github.com/jkdba/ca13fe8f2a9855c4bdbfd0a5d3dfcda2
Edit:
Originally I had a recursive function here which does not play well with sql server as it has a 32 nesting level limit which would result in an error like the below any time you attempt to make 32+ replacements with the function. Instead of trying to make a server level change to allow more nesting (which could be dangerous like allow never ending loops) switching to a while loop makes a lot more sense.
Maximum stored procedure, function, trigger, or view nesting level exceeded (limit 32).
Wrapping the solution inside a SQL function could be useful if you want to reuse it.
I'm even doing it at the cell level, that's why I'm putting this as a different answer:
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnReplaceInvalidChars] (#string VARCHAR(300))
RETURNS VARCHAR(300)
BEGIN
DECLARE #str VARCHAR(300) = #string;
DECLARE #Pattern VARCHAR (20) = '%[^a-zA-Z0-9]%';
DECLARE #Len INT;
SELECT #Len = LEN(#String);
WHILE #Len > 0
BEGIN
SET #Len = #Len - 1;
IF (PATINDEX(#Pattern,#str) > 0)
BEGIN
SELECT #str = STUFF(#str, PATINDEX(#Pattern,#str),1,'');
END
ELSE
BEGIN
BREAK;
END
END
RETURN #str
END
A more speedy approach for large strings would look something like this:
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnReplaceInvalidChars] (#string VARCHAR(MAX))
RETURNS VARCHAR(MAX)
BEGIN
DECLARE #str VARCHAR(MAX) = #string;
DECLARE #Pattern VARCHAR (MAX) = '%[^a-zA-Z0-9]%';
WHILE PATINDEX(#Pattern,#str) > 0
BEGIN
SELECT #str = STUFF(#str, PATINDEX(#Pattern,#str),1,'');
END
RETURN #str
END
I've created this function to clean up a string that contained non numeric characters in a time field. The time contained question marks when they did not added the minutes, something like this 20:??. Function loops through each character and replaces the ? with a 0 :
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[CleanTime]
(
-- Add the parameters for the function here
#intime nvarchar(10)
)
RETURNS nvarchar(5)
AS
BEGIN
-- Declare the return variable here
DECLARE #ResultVar nvarchar(5)
DECLARE #char char(1)
-- Add the T-SQL statements to compute the return value here
DECLARE #i int = 1
WHILE #i <= LEN(#intime)
BEGIN
SELECT #char = CASE WHEN substring(#intime,#i,1) like '%[0-9:]%' THEN substring(#intime,#i,1) ELSE '0' END
SELECT #ResultVar = concat(#ResultVar,#char)
set #i = #i + 1
END;
-- Return the result of the function
RETURN #ResultVar
END
I think this solution is faster and simple. I use always CTE/recursive because WHILE is so slow on SQL Server.
I use it in projects I work with and large databases.
/*
Function: dbo.kSql_ReplaceRegExp
Create Date: 20.02.2021
Author: Karcan Ozbal
Description: The given string value will be replaced according to the given regexp/pattern.
Parameter(s): #Value : Value/Text to REPLACE.
#RegExp : The regexp/pattern to be used for REPLACE operation.
Usage: select dbo.kSql_ReplaceRegExp('2T3EST5','%[0-9]%')
Output: 'TEST'
*/
ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[kSql_ReplaceRegExp](
#Value nvarchar(max),
#RegExp nvarchar(50)
)
RETURNS nvarchar(max)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #Result nvarchar(max)
;WITH CTE AS (
SELECT NUM = 1, VALUE = #Value, IDX = PATINDEX(#RegExp, #Value)
UNION ALL
SELECT NUM + 1, VALUE = REPLACE(VALUE, SUBSTRING(VALUE,IDX,1),''), IDX = PATINDEX(#RegExp, REPLACE(VALUE, SUBSTRING(VALUE,IDX,1),''))
FROM CTE
WHERE IDX > 0
)
SELECT TOP(1) #Result = VALUE
FROM CTE
ORDER BY NUM DESC
OPTION (maxrecursion 0)
RETURN #Result
END
If you are doing this just for a parameter coming into a Stored Procedure, you can use the following:
declare #badIndex int
set #badIndex = PatIndex('%[^0-9]%', #Param)
while #badIndex > 0
set #Param = Replace(#Param, Substring(#Param, #badIndex, 1), '')
set #badIndex = PatIndex('%[^0-9]%', #Param)
I thought this was clearer:
ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[func_ReplaceChars](
#Value nvarchar(max),
#Chars nvarchar(50)
)
RETURNS nvarchar(max)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #cLen int = len(#Chars);
DECLARE #curChar int = 0;
WHILE #curChar<#cLen
BEGIN
set #Value = replace(#Value,substring(#Chars,#curChar,1),'');
set #curChar = #curChar + 1;
END;
RETURN #Value
END
I'm using this code similar to several codes above:
DROP FUNCTION [dbo].[fnCleanString]
GO
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnCleanString] (#input VARCHAR(max), #Pattern
VARCHAR (20))
RETURNS VARCHAR(max)
BEGIN
DECLARE #str VARCHAR(max) = #input;
DECLARE #Len INT;
DECLARE #INDEX INT;
SELECT #Len = LEN(#input);
WHILE #Len > 0
BEGIN
SET #INDEX = PATINDEX(#Pattern,#str);
IF (#INDEX > 0)
BEGIN
SET #str=REPLACE(#str,SUBSTRING(#str,#INDEX, 1), '');
END
ELSE
BEGIN
BREAK;
END
END
RETURN #str
END
You can use it like this:
SELECT CleanName = dbo.[fnCleanString](Name, '%[0-9]%') from YourTable
I think a simpler and faster approach is iterate by each character of the alphabet:
DECLARE #i int
SET #i = 0
WHILE(#i < 256)
BEGIN
IF char(#i) NOT IN ('0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '.')
UPDATE Table SET Column = replace(Column, char(#i), '')
SET #i = #i + 1
END

Using variables in a SQL query which change for each returned record

To begin - I am new at SQL; be gentle.
I work with a school district and have recently been given "the keys" to access the database. I am interested in getting a list of students, and then generating a list of passwords for them. I have found some code which allows me to generate random passwords that I would like to incorporate into a SQL query which is gathering information from our Student database. (Thank you if this code is yours!)
My issue is that I have not been able to use the variables to create a different password for each record. I get the same randomly generated password for each student. (On a good note; at least the password changes each time I execute the query.)
I should mention that I have two accounts set up for the database access; one to simply read the information, and another with full editing rights. (I have only used this once and closed my eyes as I pushed the big red button to update some trivial information).
Results from the first run:
Name Password
JACEK mtwsz2ybu
CARL mtwsz2ybu
LARS mtwsz2ybu
Results from the second run:
Name Password
JACEK je4tm5ptw
CARL je4tm5ptw
LARS je4tm5ptw
This is the query I am running:
USE XXTableXX
DECLARE #position int, #string char(100), #length int,
#rand int, #newstring char(15), #newchar char(15);
SET #position = 1;
SET #string = 'abcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz23456789';
SET #length = 9;
SET #newstring = ''
SET #newchar = ''
WHILE #position <= #length
BEGIN
SET #rand = FLOOR(RAND()*(33-1)+1);
SET #newchar = SUBSTRING(#string,#rand,1);
SET #newstring = STUFF(#newstring,len(#newstring)+1,1,#newchar)
SET #position = #position +1;
END;
SELECT DISTINCT s.firstname, #newstring AS [Password]
FROM XXStudentTableXX s
Put all the stuff above the query in a function and call the function in your query. A side note, it will execute for each row, which means a bit of a performance hit for large sets.
Here is a way to do this.
First, you will need to make the RAND() into it's own view since you can't call it from a function
CREATE VIEW [dbo].[NewRandom]
AS
SELECT RAND() AS [RandSeed]
GO
Now you must create your function that uses the view. This function accepts an integer so you can do variable password lengths. You can hardcode it in your query or take out the parameter and hard code it in the function.
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[ufn_GeneratePassword] ( #PasswordLength INT )
RETURNS VARCHAR(20)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #position int, #string char(100), #length int,
#rand int, #newstring char(15), #newchar char(15);
SET #position = 1;
SET #string = 'abcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz23456789';
SET #length = #PasswordLength;
SET #newstring = ''
SET #newchar = ''
WHILE #position <= #length
BEGIN
SET #rand = FLOOR((SELECT RandSeed FROM dbo.[NewRandom])*(33-1)+1);
SET #newchar = SUBSTRING(#string,#rand,1);
SET #newstring = STUFF(#newstring,len(#newstring)+1,1,#newchar)
SET #position = #position +1;
END
RETURN #newstring
END
Now you can call the function on every row of your table
SELECT DISTINCT s.firstname, [dbo].[ufn_GeneratePassword](9) AS [Password]
FROM XXStudentTableXX s
I think what you will need to do for this is create a table, or table variable, then instead of selecting make it insert into the table. Also Add a loop that loops 1x for each student ID. This will then insert 1 row for each student and run the randomizer 1 time.
First covert your procedure into a scalar SQL function.
CREATE VIEW dbo.RandomNumberView
AS
SELECT RandomNumber = RAND();
GO
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.GeneratePassword()
RETURNS char(15)
AS
-- Generates and Returns a random password
BEGIN
DECLARE #position int, #string char(100), #length int,
#rand int, #newstring char(15), #newchar char(15);
SET #position = 1;
SET #string = 'abcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz23456789';
SET #length = 9;
SET #newstring = ''
SET #newchar = ''
WHILE #position <= #length
BEGIN
SELECT #rand = FLOOR(RandomNumber *(33-1)+1) FROM RandomNumberView;
SET #newchar = SUBSTRING(#string,#rand,1);
SET #newstring = STUFF(#newstring,len(#newstring)+1,1,#newchar)
SET #position = #position +1;
END;
RETURN #newstring;
END;
GO
And then you can easily use it whatever way you want.
SELECT DISTINCT s.firstname, dbo.GeneratePassword() AS [Password]
FROM XXStudentTableXX s
Note that each time you run this query you would get different password against the same record. I would prefer to use this function to only generate and insert password in the table and not as a direct select statement.
To get the data from a random table, SQL Server provides the NEWID () function. As its name says every execution is generated a new GUID (Global Unique Identifier), these GUIDs are unique, so the value of the order will never be the same.
Therefore you do not need to create a random function that does it for you. So you may have your answer using a simple SQL.
CREATE TABLE STUDENT (
[ID] INT IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL,
[NAME] NVARCHAR (100) NULL
);
INSERT INTO STUDENT (NAME) VALUES ('John');
INSERT INTO STUDENT (NAME) VALUES ('Carl');
INSERT INTO STUDENT (NAME) VALUES ('Mary');
INSERT INTO STUDENT (NAME) VALUES ('Joan');
select
ID
,NAME
,CONCAT(
CAST((ABS(CHECKSUM(NEWID()))%10) as varchar(1))
, CHAR(ASCII('a') + (ABS(CHECKSUM(NEWID())) % 25))
, CHAR(ASCII('A') + (ABS(CHECKSUM(NEWID())) % 25))
, LEFT(LOWER(NEWID()),2)
, LEFT(NEWID(),2)
, LEFT(LOWER(NEWID()),2)
) AS PASSWORD
from STUDENT
SQL Fiddle
However, you may wish to Make your own generator taking into account a high level of complexity generated password.
https://www.simple-talk.com/blogs/2009/09/30/strong-password-generator/

Regex pattern inside SQL Replace function?

SELECT REPLACE('<strong>100</strong><b>.00 GB', '%^(^-?\d*\.{0,1}\d+$)%', '');
I want to replace any markup between two parts of the number with above regex, but it does not seem to work. I'm not sure if it is regex syntax that's wrong because I tried simpler one such as '%[^0-9]%' just to test but it didn't work either. Does anyone know how can I achieve this?
You can use PATINDEX
to find the first index of the pattern (string's) occurrence. Then use STUFF to stuff another string into the pattern(string) matched.
Loop through each row. Replace each illegal characters with what you want. In your case replace non numeric with blank. The inner loop is if you have more than one illegal character in a current cell that of the loop.
DECLARE #counter int
SET #counter = 0
WHILE(#counter < (SELECT MAX(ID_COLUMN) FROM Table))
BEGIN
WHILE 1 = 1
BEGIN
DECLARE #RetVal varchar(50)
SET #RetVal = (SELECT Column = STUFF(Column, PATINDEX('%[^0-9.]%', Column),1, '')
FROM Table
WHERE ID_COLUMN = #counter)
IF(#RetVal IS NOT NULL)
UPDATE Table SET
Column = #RetVal
WHERE ID_COLUMN = #counter
ELSE
break
END
SET #counter = #counter + 1
END
Caution: This is slow though! Having a varchar column may impact. So using LTRIM RTRIM may help a bit. Regardless, it is slow.
Credit goes to this StackOverFlow answer.
EDIT
Credit also goes to #srutzky
Edit (by #Tmdean)
Instead of doing one row at a time, this answer can be adapted to a more set-based solution. It still iterates the max of the number of non-numeric characters in a single row, so it's not ideal, but I think it should be acceptable in most situations.
WHILE 1 = 1 BEGIN
WITH q AS
(SELECT ID_Column, PATINDEX('%[^0-9.]%', Column) AS n
FROM Table)
UPDATE Table
SET Column = STUFF(Column, q.n, 1, '')
FROM q
WHERE Table.ID_Column = q.ID_Column AND q.n != 0;
IF ##ROWCOUNT = 0 BREAK;
END;
You can also improve efficiency quite a lot if you maintain a bit column in the table that indicates whether the field has been scrubbed yet. (NULL represents "Unknown" in my example and should be the column default.)
DECLARE #done bit = 0;
WHILE #done = 0 BEGIN
WITH q AS
(SELECT ID_Column, PATINDEX('%[^0-9.]%', Column) AS n
FROM Table
WHERE COALESCE(Scrubbed_Column, 0) = 0)
UPDATE Table
SET Column = STUFF(Column, q.n, 1, ''),
Scrubbed_Column = 0
FROM q
WHERE Table.ID_Column = q.ID_Column AND q.n != 0;
IF ##ROWCOUNT = 0 SET #done = 1;
-- if Scrubbed_Column is still NULL, then the PATINDEX
-- must have given 0
UPDATE table
SET Scrubbed_Column = CASE
WHEN Scrubbed_Column IS NULL THEN 1
ELSE NULLIF(Scrubbed_Column, 0)
END;
END;
If you don't want to change your schema, this is easy to adapt to store intermediate results in a table valued variable which gets applied to the actual table at the end.
Instead of stripping out the found character by its sole position, using Replace(Column, BadFoundCharacter, '') could be substantially faster. Additionally, instead of just replacing the one bad character found next in each column, this replaces all those found.
WHILE 1 = 1 BEGIN
UPDATE dbo.YourTable
SET Column = Replace(Column, Substring(Column, PatIndex('%[^0-9.-]%', Column), 1), '')
WHERE Column LIKE '%[^0-9.-]%'
If ##RowCount = 0 BREAK;
END;
I am convinced this will work better than the accepted answer, if only because it does fewer operations. There are other ways that might also be faster, but I don't have time to explore those right now.
In a general sense, SQL Server does not support regular expressions and you cannot use them in the native T-SQL code.
You could write a CLR function to do that. See here, for example.
For those looking for a performant and easy solution and are willing to enable CLR:
CREATE database TestSQLFunctions
go
use TestSQLFunctions
go
ALTER database TestSQLFunctions set trustworthy on
EXEC sp_configure 'clr enabled', 1
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE
go
CREATE ASSEMBLY [SQLFunctions]
AUTHORIZATION [dbo]
FROM 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
WITH PERMISSION_SET = SAFE
go
CREATE FUNCTION RegexReplace(
#input nvarchar(max),
#pattern nvarchar(max),
#replacement nvarchar(max)
) RETURNS nvarchar (max)
AS EXTERNAL NAME SQLFunctions.[SQLFunctions.Regex].Replace;
go
-- outputs This is a test
SELECT dbo.RegexReplace('This is a test 12345','[0-9]','')
Content of the DLL:
I stumbled across this post looking for something else but thought I'd mention a solution I use which is far more efficient - and really should be the default implementation of any function when used with a set based query - which is to use a cross applied table function. Seems the topic is still active so hopefully this is useful to someone.
Example runtime on a few of the answers so far based on running recursive set based queries or scalar function, based on 1m rows test set removing the chars from a random newid, ranges from 34s to 2m05s for the WHILE loop examples and from 1m3s to {forever} for the function examples.
Using a table function with cross apply achieves the same goal in 10s. You may need to adjust it to suit your needs such as the max length it handles.
Function:
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[RemoveChars](#InputUnit VARCHAR(40))
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN
(
WITH Numbers_prep(Number) AS
(
SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1
)
,Numbers(Number) AS
(
SELECT TOP (ISNULL(LEN(#InputUnit),0))
row_number() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL))
FROM Numbers_prep a
CROSS JOIN Numbers_prep b
)
SELECT
OutputUnit
FROM
(
SELECT
substring(#InputUnit,Number,1)
FROM Numbers
WHERE substring(#InputUnit,Number,1) like '%[0-9]%'
ORDER BY Number
FOR XML PATH('')
) Sub(OutputUnit)
)
Usage:
UPDATE t
SET column = o.OutputUnit
FROM ##t t
CROSS APPLY [dbo].[RemoveChars](t.column) o
Here is a function I wrote to accomplish this based off of the previous answers.
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.RepetitiveReplace
(
#P_String VARCHAR(MAX),
#P_Pattern VARCHAR(MAX),
#P_ReplaceString VARCHAR(MAX),
#P_ReplaceLength INT = 1
)
RETURNS VARCHAR(MAX)
BEGIN
DECLARE #Index INT;
-- Get starting point of pattern
SET #Index = PATINDEX(#P_Pattern, #P_String);
while #Index > 0
begin
--replace matching charactger at index
SET #P_String = STUFF(#P_String, PATINDEX(#P_Pattern, #P_String), #P_ReplaceLength, #P_ReplaceString);
SET #Index = PATINDEX(#P_Pattern, #P_String);
end
RETURN #P_String;
END;
[Gist][1]
[1]: https://gist.github.com/jkdba/ca13fe8f2a9855c4bdbfd0a5d3dfcda2
Edit:
Originally I had a recursive function here which does not play well with sql server as it has a 32 nesting level limit which would result in an error like the below any time you attempt to make 32+ replacements with the function. Instead of trying to make a server level change to allow more nesting (which could be dangerous like allow never ending loops) switching to a while loop makes a lot more sense.
Maximum stored procedure, function, trigger, or view nesting level exceeded (limit 32).
Wrapping the solution inside a SQL function could be useful if you want to reuse it.
I'm even doing it at the cell level, that's why I'm putting this as a different answer:
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnReplaceInvalidChars] (#string VARCHAR(300))
RETURNS VARCHAR(300)
BEGIN
DECLARE #str VARCHAR(300) = #string;
DECLARE #Pattern VARCHAR (20) = '%[^a-zA-Z0-9]%';
DECLARE #Len INT;
SELECT #Len = LEN(#String);
WHILE #Len > 0
BEGIN
SET #Len = #Len - 1;
IF (PATINDEX(#Pattern,#str) > 0)
BEGIN
SELECT #str = STUFF(#str, PATINDEX(#Pattern,#str),1,'');
END
ELSE
BEGIN
BREAK;
END
END
RETURN #str
END
A more speedy approach for large strings would look something like this:
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnReplaceInvalidChars] (#string VARCHAR(MAX))
RETURNS VARCHAR(MAX)
BEGIN
DECLARE #str VARCHAR(MAX) = #string;
DECLARE #Pattern VARCHAR (MAX) = '%[^a-zA-Z0-9]%';
WHILE PATINDEX(#Pattern,#str) > 0
BEGIN
SELECT #str = STUFF(#str, PATINDEX(#Pattern,#str),1,'');
END
RETURN #str
END
I've created this function to clean up a string that contained non numeric characters in a time field. The time contained question marks when they did not added the minutes, something like this 20:??. Function loops through each character and replaces the ? with a 0 :
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[CleanTime]
(
-- Add the parameters for the function here
#intime nvarchar(10)
)
RETURNS nvarchar(5)
AS
BEGIN
-- Declare the return variable here
DECLARE #ResultVar nvarchar(5)
DECLARE #char char(1)
-- Add the T-SQL statements to compute the return value here
DECLARE #i int = 1
WHILE #i <= LEN(#intime)
BEGIN
SELECT #char = CASE WHEN substring(#intime,#i,1) like '%[0-9:]%' THEN substring(#intime,#i,1) ELSE '0' END
SELECT #ResultVar = concat(#ResultVar,#char)
set #i = #i + 1
END;
-- Return the result of the function
RETURN #ResultVar
END
I think this solution is faster and simple. I use always CTE/recursive because WHILE is so slow on SQL Server.
I use it in projects I work with and large databases.
/*
Function: dbo.kSql_ReplaceRegExp
Create Date: 20.02.2021
Author: Karcan Ozbal
Description: The given string value will be replaced according to the given regexp/pattern.
Parameter(s): #Value : Value/Text to REPLACE.
#RegExp : The regexp/pattern to be used for REPLACE operation.
Usage: select dbo.kSql_ReplaceRegExp('2T3EST5','%[0-9]%')
Output: 'TEST'
*/
ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[kSql_ReplaceRegExp](
#Value nvarchar(max),
#RegExp nvarchar(50)
)
RETURNS nvarchar(max)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #Result nvarchar(max)
;WITH CTE AS (
SELECT NUM = 1, VALUE = #Value, IDX = PATINDEX(#RegExp, #Value)
UNION ALL
SELECT NUM + 1, VALUE = REPLACE(VALUE, SUBSTRING(VALUE,IDX,1),''), IDX = PATINDEX(#RegExp, REPLACE(VALUE, SUBSTRING(VALUE,IDX,1),''))
FROM CTE
WHERE IDX > 0
)
SELECT TOP(1) #Result = VALUE
FROM CTE
ORDER BY NUM DESC
OPTION (maxrecursion 0)
RETURN #Result
END
If you are doing this just for a parameter coming into a Stored Procedure, you can use the following:
declare #badIndex int
set #badIndex = PatIndex('%[^0-9]%', #Param)
while #badIndex > 0
set #Param = Replace(#Param, Substring(#Param, #badIndex, 1), '')
set #badIndex = PatIndex('%[^0-9]%', #Param)
I thought this was clearer:
ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[func_ReplaceChars](
#Value nvarchar(max),
#Chars nvarchar(50)
)
RETURNS nvarchar(max)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE #cLen int = len(#Chars);
DECLARE #curChar int = 0;
WHILE #curChar<#cLen
BEGIN
set #Value = replace(#Value,substring(#Chars,#curChar,1),'');
set #curChar = #curChar + 1;
END;
RETURN #Value
END
I'm using this code similar to several codes above:
DROP FUNCTION [dbo].[fnCleanString]
GO
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnCleanString] (#input VARCHAR(max), #Pattern
VARCHAR (20))
RETURNS VARCHAR(max)
BEGIN
DECLARE #str VARCHAR(max) = #input;
DECLARE #Len INT;
DECLARE #INDEX INT;
SELECT #Len = LEN(#input);
WHILE #Len > 0
BEGIN
SET #INDEX = PATINDEX(#Pattern,#str);
IF (#INDEX > 0)
BEGIN
SET #str=REPLACE(#str,SUBSTRING(#str,#INDEX, 1), '');
END
ELSE
BEGIN
BREAK;
END
END
RETURN #str
END
You can use it like this:
SELECT CleanName = dbo.[fnCleanString](Name, '%[0-9]%') from YourTable
I think a simpler and faster approach is iterate by each character of the alphabet:
DECLARE #i int
SET #i = 0
WHILE(#i < 256)
BEGIN
IF char(#i) NOT IN ('0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '.')
UPDATE Table SET Column = replace(Column, char(#i), '')
SET #i = #i + 1
END

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