I want to open a window from my ViewModel.
How can I create and show it using Galasoft Messenger?
public partial class View {
public View() {
InitializeComponents();
//Register Open message
}
//This is called when ViewModel sends a message
public void OpenView() {
new View().Show();
}
}
public class ViewModel {
public ViewModel() {
//Send message to open some view
}
}
This situation does not require an object to be passed from ViewModel to View; therefore, just registering of type object, passing null, BUT the token is key.
public partial class View {
public View() {
InitializeComponents();
//Register Open message BEFORE ViewModel calls Messenger.Default.Send
Messenger.Default.Register<object>(this, ViewModel.OpenViewToken, p => { OpenView(); });
}
//This is called when ViewModel sends a message
public void OpenView() {
new View().Show();
}
}
public class ViewModel {
public static readonly Guid OpenViewToken = Guid.NewGuid();
public ViewModel() {
Messenger.Default.Send<object>(null, OpenViewToken);
}
}
Related
I'm using caliburn micro for this project.
I have my ShellView with my contentcontrol:
<ContentControl x:Name="ActiveItem"
Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" />
In ShellViewModel i got it to show my usercontrol LoginView with:
public class ShellViewModel : Conductor<object>
{
public ShellViewModel()
{
ActivateItem(new LoginViewModel());
}
public void ShowSignUp()
{
ActivateItem(new SignUpViewModel());
}
}
However, i can't navigate to SignUpView from LoginView with my button:
<!-- Row 4 -->
<Button x:Name="ShowSignUp"
Content="Sign Up Now!"
Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1"
Style="{StaticResource LoginBtnsStyle}" />
LoginViewModel deriving from ShellViewModel:
public class LoginViewModel : ShellViewModel
{
}
How do i navigate from LoginView to SignUpView with a button that is on the LoginView?
I'm getting no errors, it just isn't changing view.
I also tried putting ShowSignUp() on the LoginViewModel but no success.
Update 1 ShellViewModel:
public class ShellViewModel : Conductor<object>, IHandle<ActionInvokedMessage>
{
DispatcherTimer dt = new DispatcherTimer();
private SplashScreenViewModel _splashVM;
private LoginViewModel _loginVM;
private SignUpViewModel _signUpVM;
private IEventAggregator _eventAggregator;
public ShellViewModel(SplashScreenViewModel splashVM, LoginViewModel loginVM, SignUpViewModel signUpVM)
{
_loginVM = loginVM;
_signUpVM = signUpVM;
_splashVM = splashVM;
ActivateItem(_splashVM);
dt.Tick += new EventHandler(Dt_Tick);
dt.Interval = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 2);
dt.Start();
}
private void Dt_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
dt.Stop();
ActivateItem(_loginVM);
}
public ShellViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAggregator)
{
_eventAggregator = eventAggregator;
_eventAggregator.Subscribe(this);
ActivateItem(new LoginViewModel(_eventAggregator));
}
public void Handle(ActionInvokedMessage message)
{
ActivateItem(message.Page);
}
public void ShowSignUp()
{
ActivateItem(new SignUpViewModel());
}
}
You could achieve this using EventAggregator to publish indicative messages from LoginViewModel to ShellViewModel to update the UI.
To begin with, you need to define an message class, which would tells the ShellViewModel which ViewModel needs to be changed. For example,
public class ActionInvokedMessage
{
public Screen Page { get; set; }
}
The Page property would indicate which Screen needs to be loaded. Now, you could change your LoginViewModel as the following.
public class LoginViewModel: Screen
{
private IEventAggregator _eventAggregator;
public LoginViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAggregator)
{
_eventAggregator = eventAggregator;
_eventAggregator.Subscribe(this);
}
public void ShowSignUp()
{
_eventAggregator.PublishOnUIThread(new ActionInvokedMessage { Page = new SignupViewModel() }); ;
}
}
The PublishOnUIThread method would broadcast a message to all the listeners of the Message Type ActionInvokedMessage for the change. Next step would be to ensure the ShellViewModel would be listening to the change.
public class ShellViewModel : Conductor<object>, IHandle<ActionInvokedMessage>
{
private IEventAggregator _eventAggregator;
public ShellViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAggregator)
{
_eventAggregator = eventAggregator;
_eventAggregator.Subscribe(this);
ActivateItem(new LoginViewModel(_eventAggregator));
}
public void Handle(ActionInvokedMessage message)
{
ActivateItem(message.Page);
}
public void ShowSignUp()
{
ActivateItem(new SignupViewModel());
}
}
The Implementation of IHandle interface allows us to handle the action that would be required to be executed when the ShellViewModel recieves the ActionInvokedMessage. As seen in the code, this would be an appropriate place to use the ActivateItem method to load the Signup Page.
You can create an interface for navigation and use it in view models to navigate around app.
interface INavigation {
void NavigateTo(System.Type typeId);
}
class ShellViewModel: Conductor<object>, INavigation {
private List<object> pages = new List<Object>();
public ShellViewModel() {
pages.Add(new SignupViewModel(this));
pages.Add(new LoginViewModel(this));
}
void NavigateTo(System.Type typeId) {
var page = pages.Where(x => x.GetType() == typeId).FirstOrDefault()
ActivateItem(page);
}
}
class SignupViewModel {
public SignupViewModel(INavigation navigation) {
this.ShowLoginCommand= new NavigateCommand<LoginViewModel>(navigation);
}
}
class LoginViewModel {
public LoginViewModel (INavigation navigation) {
this.ShowSignUpCommand = new NavigateCommand<SignupViewModel>(navigation);
}
}
Navigation command may be implemented like follows:
public class NavigateCommand<T> : ICommand
{
public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged;
private readonly INavigation navigation;
public NavigateCommand(INavigation navigation)
{
this.navigation = navigation;
}
public bool CanExecute(object parameter) => true;
public void Execute(object parameter) => this.navigation.NavigateTo(typeof(T));
}
Here I pass System.Type but you can design type that better describes navigation request so that you may pass additinal paramters.
I have a simpleButton in parent view and I want to bind this button with a method in child view-model.
_fluentApi.BindCommand(simpleButton , x => x.SaveMessage());
DevExpress MVVM Fluent API supports binding to nested properties/commands:
// ViewModel
public class ParentViewModel {
public ParentViewModel() {
Child = ChildViewModel.Create();
}
public virtual ChildViewModel Child {
get;
protected set;
}
}
public class ChildViewModel{
public static ChildViewModel Create() {
return DevExpress.Mvvm.POCO.ViewModelSource.Create<ChildViewModel>();
}
public void Save(){
// ...
}
}
// View
var fluentApi = mvvmContext.OfType<ParentViewModel>()
fluentApi.BindCommand(simpleButton , x => x.Child.Save());
I have a problem with MVVM pattern and binding collection. My ViewModel provides a collection to the View but to get this collection I use this:
public BindingList<Car> BindingListCars { get; set; }
public CarsVm()
{
BindingListVoiture = carServices.ListCars;
}
When I bind my View on this List it's as if I bind directly my View on the Model because they use the same reference. So when I edit one property of a Car, the model is directly edited without using carServices validation method.
What is the best solution to correct this problem ?
Do I have to expose a copy of my Model to my View to not edit directly my Model from the View?
Do I have to use BindingList in my Model and subsribe to ListChanged in my carServices to validate each change?
You should either perform the validation directly in the Car class itself or expose wrapper objects instead of exposing the "real" Car objects to the view.
The following sample code should give you the idea about what I mean:
//the "pure" model class:
public class Car
{
public string Model { get; set; }
}
public class CarService
{
public List<CarWrapper> ListCar()
{
List<Car> cars = new List<Car>(); //get your Car objects...
return cars.Select(c => new CarWrapper(c, this)).ToList();
}
public bool Validate()
{
//
return true;
}
}
public class CarWrapper
{
private readonly Car _model;
CarService _service;
public CarWrapper(Car model, CarService service)
{
_model = model;
_service = service;
}
//create a wrapper property for each property of the Car model:
public string Model
{
get { return _model.Model; }
set
{
if(_service.Validate())
_model.Model = value;
}
}
}
Obviously if you expose an IEnumerable<Car> from your view model for the view to bind, you are effectively bypassing any validation that is dedined outside of the Car class if the view is able to set any properties of the Car class.
Thanks for your answer mm8,
With this solution I have to create one wrapper per class which need outside validation. It add work and during refactoring we have to edit the class and the Wrapper.
What do you think about this solution :
I put my list of vehicle in a binding list
My service subscribe to ListChanged event of this list
My service implement INotifyDataErrorInfo
For each modification in this list validation is executed
If there is an error ErrorsChanged event is raised
The view model subsribe to this event and retrieve error Data.
The view model subsribe to this event and retrieve error Data.
For example :
My services implementation :
public class VehicleServices : INotifyDataErrorInfo
{
private BindingList<Vehicle> _bindingListCar
public BindingList<Vehicle> BindingListCar
{
get return _bindingListCar;
}
private readonly Dictionary<string, ICollection<string>>
_validationErrors = new Dictionary<string, ICollection<string>>();
//INotifyDataErrorInfo implementation
public IEnumerable GetErrors(string propertyName)
public bool HasErrors
private void RaiseErrorsChanged(string propertyName)
public VehicleServices()
{
_bindingListCar = GetVehicles();
_bindingListCar.ListChanged += BindingListVehicleChanged;
}
private void BindingListVehicleChanged(object sender, ListChangedEventArgs e)
{
//Only modification is managed
if (e.ListChangedType != ListChangedType.ItemChanged) return;
switch(e.PropertyDescriptor.Name)
//Validate each property
//if there is ErrorsChanged is raised
}
}
And my ViewModel
public class CarVm : BindableBase
{
private ICollection<string> _errors;
public ICollection<string> Error
{
get
{
return _errors;
}
set
{
SetProperty(ref _errors, value);
}
}
private VehicleServices _carServices;
public BindingList<Vehicle> BindingListCar { get; set; }
public CarVm(VehicleServices carServices)
{
_carServices = carServices;
BindingListCar = new BindingList<Vehicle>(_carServices.BindingListCar);
_carServices.ErrorsChanged += _carServices_ErrorsChanged;
}
private void _carServices_ErrorsChanged(object sender, DataErrorsChangedEventArgs e)
{
Error = _carServices.ValidationErrors[e.PropertyName];
}
}
Do you think this is a good practice ?
I have a UdpClient, firing off a DataRecevied event on my MainWindow:
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
public static YakUdpClient ClientConnection = new YakUdpClient();
public ClientData;
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
Loaded += OnLoaded;
}
private void OnLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs routedEventArgs)
{
ClientData = new ClientData();
ClientConnection.OnDataReceived += ClientConnectionOnDataReceived;
}
private void ClientConnectionOnDataReceived(object sender, MessageEventArgs messageEventArgs)
{
ClientData.Users = messageEvenArgs.ConnectedUsers;
}
}
My ClientData and User classes look as follow:
public class ClientData
{
public List<User> Users {get;set;)
}
public class User
{
public string Name {get;set;}
}
On my MainWindow, I have a UserControl called UserListView which has a ViewModel called UserListViewModel
The ViewModel looks as follow:
public class UserListViewModel: BindableBase
{
public UserListViewModel()
{
//I am sure there are better ways of doing this :(
Users = new ObservableCollection<User>((MainWindow)Application.Current.MainWindow).ClientData.Users
});
private ObservableCollection<User> _users;
public ObservableCollection<User> Users
{
get{ return _users;}
set { this.SetProperty(ref this._users, value); }
}
}
The difficulty I have here, is when the ClientConnectionOnDataReceived event on the MainWindow gets fired, I would like to update my ClientData class, My Viewmodel should then somehow be notified that the list changed, and subsequently update my UI.
Can anyone give me a solid example of how to achieve this using MVVM (Prism) in WPF?
I am new to MVVM, so i am still trying to figure this out.
First of all, there's no obvious reason why the main window should do the subscription.
I'd go for something like this:
create a service that encapsulates the subscription (and subscribes in its constructor)
register that as a singleton
have it implement INotifyPropertyChanged (to notify consumers of a change to Users)
inject the service into UserListViewModel and observe the Users property (see PropertyObserver)
when Users in the service changes, update Users in the user list view model
and best of all, no need for ObservableCollection here :-)
EDIT: example:
interface IUserService : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
IReadOnlyCollection<User> Users
{
get;
}
}
class YakUdpService : BindableBase, IUserService
{
private readonly YakUdpClient _yakUdpClient;
private IReadOnlyCollection<User> _users;
public YakUdpService()
{
_yakUdpClient = new YakUdpClient();
_yakUdpClient.OnDataReceived += ( s, e ) => Users = e.ConnectedUsers;
}
public IReadOnlyCollection<User> Users
{
get
{
return _users;
}
private set
{
SetProperty( ref _users, value );
}
}
}
class UserListViewModel : BindableBase
{
private IReadOnlyCollection<UserViewModel> _users;
private readonly IUserService _userService;
private readonly PropertyObserver<IUserService> _userServiceObserver;
public UserListViewModel( IUserService userService )
{
_userService = userService;
_userServiceObserver = new PropertyObserver<IUserService>( userService );
_userServiceObserver.RegisterHandler( x => x.Users, () => Users = _userService.Users.Select( x => new UserViewModel( x ) ).ToList() );
// ^^^ should use factory in real code
}
public IReadOnlyCollection<UserViewModel> Users
{
get
{
return _users;
}
private set
{
SetProperty( ref _users, value );
}
}
}
and then register the service
Container.RegisterType<IUserService, YakUdpService>( new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager() );
in your bootstrapper or your module's initialization.
I haveViewModel1 and View1 associated with it. I start dialog window from ViewModel2 (some another viewmodel) using IWindowManager object. The code from ViewModel2 class:
windowManager.ShowDialog(new ViewModel());
So, I have Dialog Window with View1 user control.
My answer is next - I can close that dialog window using red close button, but how to close it using my specific button (contained in View1 user control), something like "Cancel" button with close command (Command={Binding CancelCommand}), CancelCommand of course is contained in ViewModel1 class.
It's even easier if your view model extends Caliburn.Micro.Screen:
TryClose();
You can get the current view (in your case the dialog window) with implementing the IViewAware interface on your ViewModel. Then you can call Close on the the view (the Window created as the dialog) when your command is executed.
The easiest why is to derive from ViewAware:
public class DialogViewModel : ViewAware
{
public void ExecuteCancelCommand()
{
(GetView() as Window).Close();
}
}
If you are not allowed to derive you can implement it yourself:
public class DialogViewModel : IViewAware
{
public void ExecuteCancelCommand()
{
dialogWindow.Close();
}
private Window dialogWindow;
public void AttachView(object view, object context = null)
{
dialogWindow = view as Window;
if (ViewAttached != null)
ViewAttached(this,
new ViewAttachedEventArgs(){Context = context, View = view});
}
public object GetView(object context = null)
{
return dialogWindow;
}
public event EventHandler<ViewAttachedEventArgs> ViewAttached;
}
Note: I've used Caliburn.Micro 1.3.1 for my sample.
A cleaner way (Subject of personal taste) that I use alot is to use the IResult pattern, this way you abstract the Window implemenation
Viewmodel
public IEnumerable<IResult> CloseMe()
{
yield return new CloseResult();
}
Result code
public class CloseResult : Result
{
public override void Execute(ActionExecutionContext context)
{
var window = Window.GetWindow(context.View);
window.Close();
base.Execute(context);
}
}
public abstract class Result : IResult
{
public virtual void Execute(ActionExecutionContext context)
{
OnCompleted(this, new ResultCompletionEventArgs());
}
protected virtual void OnCompleted(object sender, ResultCompletionEventArgs e)
{
if (Completed != null)
Completed(sender, e);
}
public event EventHandler<ResultCompletionEventArgs> Completed;
}
edit (Only needed for IoC): If you wanna take it a step further you do a base class for all screens
public abstract class ShellPresentationModel : Screen
{
public ShellPresentationModel(IResultFactory resultFactory)
{
Result = resultFactory;
}
public IResultFactory Result { get; private set; }
}
This way you can inject dependencies with a IoC much easier, then your VIewmodel close method will look like this
public IEnumerable<IResult> CloseMe()
{
yield return Result.Close();
}
An example on a IResult that uses dependency can be
public class ShowDialogResult<TModel> : Result
{
private readonly IWindowManager windowManager;
private readonly TModel model;
private Action<TModel> configure;
public ShowDialogResult(IWindowManager windowManager, TModel model)
{
this.windowManager = windowManager;
this.model = model;
}
public IResult Configure(Action<TModel> configure)
{
this.configure = configure;
return this;
}
public override void Execute(ActionExecutionContext context)
{
if(configure != null)
configure(model);
windowManager.ShowDialog(model);
base.Execute(context);
}
}
edit Just noticed that i forgot to add an example of the above IoC exmaple, here goes
With a child IoC container pattern it would look like this
public IEnumerable<IResult> ShowDialog()
{
yield return Result.ShowDialog<MyViewModel>();
}
Without a child container pattern you would need to inject parent dependeync into the child manually
yield return Result.ShowDialog<MyViewModel>().Configure(m => m.SomeData = this.SomeData);