Using Triggers:
We have 2 tables like named table1 and table2
if we insert anything into table1 instead of that it should get inserted into table2 and must compare with table1 whether already that row or data existing..
if existed then it should get updated into table1 else it should get inserted as new row into table1..
You can use following trigger to identify insert or update or deleted state of your table
CREATE TRIGGER Audit
ON dbo.Employee
FOR INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
AS
IF (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM inserted) > 0
BEGIN
IF (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM deleted) > 0
BEGIN
-- update!
INSERT AuditEmployee
(EmployeeID, UserName, Operation)
SELECT EmployeeID, SUSER_SNAME(), 'U'
FROM inserted
END
ELSE
BEGIN
-- insert!
INSERT AuditEmployee
(EmployeeID, UserName, Operation)
SELECT EmployeeID, SUSER_SNAME(), 'I'
FROM inserted
END
END
ELSE
BEGIN
-- delete!
INSERT AuditEmployee
(EmployeeID, UserName, Operation)
SELECT EmployeeID, SUSER_SNAME(), 'D'
FROM deleted
END
GO
Related
I have created a single trigger to catch all insert, update and delete operations in a replica table but in case of update, two rows are inserted one with before update values and another row with after update values but it is not working as expected.
I have tried all possible ways to do it. Now, I want to know whether I should use transaction at trigger level for update operation or should try something else.
ALTER TRIGGER [dbo].[trgAfterInsertUpdateDelete_xyz] ON [dbo].[xyz]
FOR UPDATE,INSERT, DELETE
AS
declare #accountID int;
declare #billingDate date;
declare #amount decimal(18, 2);
---- Get data from inserted/ updated
select #accountID = i.AccountID from inserted i;
select #billingDate=i.BillingDate from inserted i;
select #amount=i.Amount from inserted i;
-- Insert Case
IF EXISTS( SELECT * FROM inserted) AND NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM deleted)
BEGIN
insert into xyz_Audit
(AccountID, BillingDate, Amount, Audit_Action)
values(#accountID,#billingDate,#amount,'INSERT');
END
-- Update Case
IF EXISTS( SELECT * FROM inserted) AND EXISTS(SELECT * FROM deleted)
BEGIN
INSERT INTO xyz_Audit
(AccountID, BillingDate, Amount, Audit_Action)
SELECT d.AccountID, d.BillingDate, d.Amount,
'BeforeUpdate' FROM Inserted i
INNER JOIN Deleted d ON i.ID = d.ID
INSERT INTO xyz_Audit
(AccountID, BillingDate, Amount,Audit_Action)
values(#accountID,#billingDate,#amount,'AfterUpdate');
END
-- Delete Case
IF EXISTS( SELECT * FROM deleted) AND NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM inserted)
BEGIN
INSERT INTO xyz_Audit
(AccountID, BillingDate, Amount, Audit_Action)
select accountID,billingDate,amount, 'DELETE'
from deleted
END
I expected that if 9 records are updated then there should be before and after update values for all rows but sometimes it skips. As you can see for Inst.8 there should be before and after rows but it has captured only before row and then insert but in actual there was no row deleted and inserted, only updation was done. Sometime out of 9, it pick only before rows not after update rows or sometime 2 or 3 after update rows not before update rows.
your trigger assuming that only one row will be affected for insert / update / delete operatons. Which means the inserted or deleted may contains multiple rows
and the following part does not handle that.
---- Get data from inserted/ updated
select #accountID = i.AccountID from inserted i;
select #billingDate=i.BillingDate from inserted i;
select #amount=i.Amount from inserted i;
Actually you don't required the above at all. You should just insert into the Audit table directly from the inserted or deleted table
For example the "INSERT CASE" should be
-- Insert Case
IF EXISTS( SELECT * FROM inserted) AND NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM deleted)
BEGIN
insert into xyz_Audit (AccountID, BillingDate, Amount, Audit_Action)
select AccountID, BillingDate, Amount, Audit_Action= 'INSERT'
from inserted;
END
similarly you need to change accordingly for the Update section. And you are already doing it correctly for the delete section
Part1 on View
1-1) Create a view named VDept_Headcount that reports headcount for each department.
The report includes 3 columns as follow:
Dept_Name, Dept_Number, No_Emp.
Include all the departments.
Show the content of the view through SQL (Select * from VDept_Headcount;)
USE COMPANY
GO
--1-1) Create a view named VDept_Headcount that reports headcount for each department.
CREATE VIEW VDept_Headcount(Dept_Name, Dept_Number, No_Emp)
AS
SELECT d.DNAME, d.DNUMBER, COUNT(e.DNO)
FROM DEPARTMENT d LEFT OUTER JOIN EMPLOYEE e ON e.DNO = d.DNUMBER
GROUP BY d.DNAME, d.DNUMBER;
GO
SELECT *
FROM VDept_Headcount;
USE COMPANY
GO
--Add yourself into Employee
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE
VALUES('Dan', NULL, 'Chan', '122345687', '13-Nov-1948', '323 Williams Ct, Columbus, OH', 'M', 55000, '987654321', 5);
SELECT *
FROM VDept_Headcount;
My question is there a different way to replace null value if I want add things back in? Can I use a blank value?
You should detect if it's an INSERT OR DELETE , try this :
CREATE TRIGGER AuditEmp_Trigger
ON YOUR_TABLE
AFTER INSERT , DELETE
AS
if (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM INSERTED ) > 0 AND (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM DELETED) =0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO destination_table SELECT * FROM INSERTED;
END
if (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM INSERTED ) = 0 AND (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM DELETED) >0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO destination_table SELECT * FROM DELETED;
END
GO
If you need to check just the columns updated you can use COLUMNS_UPDATED ()
Your trigger needs to be able to handle multiple rows in the Inserted and Deleted pseudo table, since if your UPDATE statement affects 10 rows, the trigger is called ONCE, but these pseudo table contain 10 rows each. You cannot just try to "select" the values from those table - you'd get one arbitrary row, and all other would be ignored and not handled.
You need to write your triggers in a set-based fashion, and in the case of UPDATE, join the two pseudo tables on the primary key of the table they're attached to:
CREATE TRIGGER dbo.EMPLOYEE_FKDno_UPDATE
ON dbo.DEPARTMENT FOR UPDATE
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO dbo.Audit_Emp_Record (date_of_change, old_Lname, new_Lname, old_dno, new_dno, old_ssn, new_ssn)
SELECT
GETDATE(), d.Name, i.Name, d.Number, i.Number, d.Mgr_Ssn, i.Mgr_Ssn
FROM
Inserted i
INNER JOIN
Deleted d ON i.PrimaryKey = d.PrimaryKey
In case of the DELETE, you'll just have only the Deleted table with the "old" values - so you'll need something like this:
CREATE TRIGGER dbo.EMPLOYEE_FKDno_DELETE
ON dbo.DEPARTMENT FOR DELETE
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO dbo.Audit_Emp_Record (date_of_change, old_Lname, new_Lname, old_dno, new_dno, old_ssn, new_ssn)
SELECT
GETDATE(), d.Name, NULL, d.Number, NULL, d.Mgr_Ssn, NULL
FROM
Deleted d
And in case of the INSERT, you'll just have only the Inserted table with the new values - so you'll need something like this:
CREATE TRIGGER dbo.EMPLOYEE_FKDno_DELETE
ON dbo.DEPARTMENT FOR DELETE
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO dbo.Audit_Emp_Record (date_of_change, old_Lname, new_Lname, old_dno, new_dno, old_ssn, new_ssn)
SELECT
GETDATE(), NULL, i.Name, NULL, i.Number, NULL, i.Mgr_Ssn
FROM
Inserted i
I have two tables. When I insert a new value for a spesific column I want to update another column in the second table. How I can do that?
Here is a simple example but it gives "Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'Insert'." error as expected.
Create trigger trigger_Insert_Months
on [Quantities]
after Insert
As
if Insert([Work Name])
begin
declare #NewWorkName varchar(200)
select #NewWorkName = [Work Name] from inserted
insert into [April]([Work Name])
values (#NewWorkName)
End
Try This:
CREATE TRIGGER trigger_Insert_Months
ON [Quantities]
AFTER INSERT
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO [April]([Work Name])
SELECT [Work Name] from inserted
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM [Quantities] WHERE [Quantities].[Work Name] = INSERTED.[Work Name] AND INSERTED.PrimaryKey != [Quantities].[PrimaryKey])
End
Correct me if I am wrong. You want to insert values in table1 and update values in table2 with the inserted values.
create trigger tr1 on Table1
for insert
as
begin
if exists (select 1 from inserted)
begin
update a
set a.col1 = b.col
from table2 as a
inner join (select * from inserted) as b
on a.id = b.id
end
end
This code activates the trigger when an insert happens in Table1 and updates Values of table2 of col1 with the inserted rows.
Change the ID column with the column having primary key in table2 and table1 and col1 with the column to be updated in table2
I am using SQL Server 2008.
Assuming I have Table A which is a transaction table. And Table B which is a history table.
Whenever a row is inserted or updated in Table A, a new row should be inserted in Table B.
The Status column of Table B should change to INSERTED or UPDATED respectively.
How to handle this from a single trigger?
What you're asking for is quite simple:
CREATE TRIGGER TR_TableA_IU ON dbo.TableA FOR INSERT, UPDATE
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON;
INSERT dbo.TableB (Column1, Column2, Status)
SELECT
I.Column1,
I.Column2,
CASE WHEN EXISTS (SELECT * FROM Deleted) THEN 'UPDATED' ELSE 'INSERTED' END
FROM Inserted I;
If you also wanted to handle deletions, that can be done in a single statement, too:
CREATE TRIGGER TR_TableA_IUD ON dbo.TableA FOR INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON;
INSERT dbo.TableB (Column1, Column2, Status)
SELECT
I.Column1,
I.Column2,
CASE WHEN EXISTS (SELECT * FROM Deleted) THEN 'UPDATED' ELSE 'INSERTED' END
FROM
Inserted I
UNION ALL
SELECT
D.Column1,
D.Column2,
'DELETED'
FROM Deleted D
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
SELECT * FROM Inserted
);
Wow, there are a lot of outright-wrong and semi-wrong (at least in being overcomplicated) answers given so far.
Assuming that both tables:
has an "Id" column as primary key.
has the same schema, except that history table has an extra "Status" column at the end.
You can create a trigger like this:
CREATE TRIGGER dbo.TableA_InsUpd
ON dbo.TableA
AFTER INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
AS
BEGIN
Insert Into TableB
Select i.*, 'INSERTED'
From inserted i
Where not exists ( Select * From deleted d Where d.Id = i.Id )
Update B
Set [Status] = 'UPDATED',
Field1 = i.Field1,
Field2 = i.Field2
From TableB B
Inner Join inserted i On i.Id = B.Id
Where exists ( Select * From deleted d Where d.Id = i.Id )
Update B
Set [Status] = 'DELETED'
From TableB B
Inner Join deleted d On d.Id = B.Id
Where not exists ( Select * From inserted i Where i.Id = d.Id )
END
Here is a SqlFiddle with the complete code
(Note this will fail if a record Id is deleted and then inserted again)
Try this code
CREATE TRIGGER YouTriggerName
ON TableA
AFTER INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;
-- Insert statements for trigger here
DECLARE #type NVarChar(15)=
CASE when not exists(SELECT * FROM inserted)
THEN 'Deleted'
WHEN exists(SELECT * FROM deleted)
THEN 'Updated'
ELSE
'Inserted'
END
/*
TableB should contains all the columns of TableA
OR tweak it to suit your need
*/
IF #type = 'Deleted' BEGIN
INSERT INTO TableB
SELECT *, #type Stat FROM deleted
END
ELSE BEGIN
INSERT INTO TableB
SELECT *, #type Stat FROM inserted
END
END
NOTE
You will get this error if TableB has identity on since we use (select *)
An explicit value for the identity column in table 'TableB' can only be specified when a column list is used and IDENTITY_INSERT is ON.
this is tested.here employee and employee have same table structure.0 means updated and 1=inserted,2=deleted
Alter trigger trgTest on dbo.employee
AFTER INSERT, UPDATE,Delete
as
Begin
Set noCount on
if exists(select e.id from deleted e inner join inserted i on e.ID=i.id )
Begin
insert into Employee1
select id,name,0 from inserted
End
else if exists(select e.id from Employee1 e inner join deleted d on e.ID=d.id)
Begin
insert into Employee1
select id,name,2 from deleted
End
else
Begin
insert into Employee1
select id,name,1 from inserted
End
End
If a user changes table HelloWorlds, then I want 'action they did', time they did it, and a copy of the original row insert into HelloWorldsHistory.
I would prefer to avoid a separate triggers for insert, update, and delete actions due to the column lengths.
I've tried this:
create trigger [HelloWorlds_After_IUD] on [HelloWorlds]
FOR insert, update, delete
as
if ##rowcount = 0
return
if exists (select 1 from inserted) and not exists (select 1 from deleted)
begin
insert into HelloWorldHistory (hwh_action, ..long column list..)
select 'INSERT', helloWorld.id, helloWorld.text ... and more from inserted
end
else
if exists (select 1 from inserted) and exists (select 1 from deleted)
begin
insert into HelloWorldHistory (hwh_action, ..long column list..)
select 'UPDATE', helloWorld.id, helloWorld.text ... and more from deleted
end
else
begin
insert into HelloWorldHistory (hwh_action, ..long column list..)
select 'DELETE', helloWorld.id, helloWorld.text ... and more from deleted
end
end
I've never seen an insert appear, but I've seen updates. I'm going to try 3 separate triggers, though maintaining the column lists will not be fun.
try something like this:
CREATE TRIGGER YourTrigger ON YourTable
AFTER INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE
AS
DECLARE #HistoryType char(1) --"I"=insert, "U"=update, "D"=delete
SET #HistoryType=NULL
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INSERTED)
BEGIN
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM DELETED)
BEGIN
--UPDATE
SET #HistoryType='U'
END
ELSE
BEGIN
--INSERT
SET #HistoryType='I'
END
--handle insert or update data
INSERT INTO YourLog
(ActionType,ActionDate,.....)
SELECT
#HistoryType,GETDATE(),.....
FROM INSERTED
END
ELSE IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM DELETED)
BEGIN
--DELETE
SET #HistoryType='D'
--handle delete data, insert into both the history and the log tables
INSERT INTO YourLog
(ActionType,ActionDate,.....)
SELECT
#HistoryType,GETDATE(),.....
FROM DELETED
END
--ELSE
--BEGIN
-- both INSERTED and DELETED are empty, no rows affected
--END
You need to associate (match) the rows in the inserted and deleted columns. Something like this should work better.
create trigger [HelloWorlds_After_IUD] on [HelloWorlds]
FOR insert, update, delete
as
insert into HeloWorldsHistory
select 'INSERT', helloWorld.id, helloWorld.text ... and more
from inserted
where myKeyColumn not in (select myKeyColumn from deleted)
insert into HeloWorldsHistory
select 'DELETE', helloWorld.id, helloWorld.text ... and more
from deleted
where myKeyColumn not in (select myKeyColumn from inserted)
insert into HeloWorldsHistory
select 'UPDATE', helloWorld.id, helloWorld.text ... and more
from inserted
where myKeyColumn in (select myKeyColumn from deleted)