I recently compiled Clang 2.9 (from here) on an Ubuntu system. I'm having trouble compiling and linking a simple program. Does anyone know how to fix this? Here's the output I see:
a#ubuntu:~/Desktop$ clang add.c
/usr/bin/ld: 1: Syntax error: word unexpected (expecting ")")
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 2 (use -v to see invocation)
uname -a output
Linux ubuntu 2.6.38-8-generic #42-Ubuntu SMP Mon Apr 11 03:31:50 UTC 2011 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
gcc -v output:
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/4.5.2/lto-wrapper
Target: i686-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu/Linaro 4.5.2-8ubuntu4 --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.5/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.5 --enable-shared --enable-multiarch --with-multiarch-defaults=i386-linux-gnu --enable-linker-build-id --with-system-zlib --libexecdir=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.5 --libdir=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu --enable-nls --with-sysroot=/ --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-plugin --enable-gold --enable-ld=default --with-plugin-ld=ld.gold --enable-objc-gc --enable-targets=all --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i686 --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=i686-linux-gnu --host=i686-linux-gnu --target=i686-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.5.2 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.5.2-8ubuntu4)
clang verbose ouput
clang version 2.9 (tags/RELEASE_29/final)
Target: i386-pc-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
"/usr/local/bin/clang" -cc1 -triple i386-pc-linux-gnu -emit-obj -mrelax-all -disable-free -disable-llvm-verifier -main-file-name add.c -mrelocation-model static -mdisable-fp-elim -masm-verbose -mconstructor-aliases -target-cpu pentium4 -target-linker-version 2.21.0.20110327 -momit-leaf-frame-pointer -v -resource-dir /usr/local/bin/../lib/clang/2.9 -ferror-limit 19 -fmessage-length 138 -fgnu-runtime -fdiagnostics-show-option -fcolor-diagnostics -o /tmp/cc-JJruTv.o -x c add.c
clang -cc1 version 2.9 based upon llvm 2.9 hosted on i386-pc-linux-gnu
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/usr/local/include
/usr/local/bin/../lib/clang/2.9/include
/usr/include
End of search list.
"/usr/bin/ld" --eh-frame-hdr -m elf_i386 -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o a.out crt1.o crti.o crtbegin.o -L -L/../../.. /tmp/cc-JJruTv.o -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed crtend.o crtn.o
/usr/bin/ld: 1: Syntax error: word unexpected (expecting ")")
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 2 (use -v to see invocation)
Sounds like a problem in your linker script. But the ld line above does not contain a specific linker script so the default one should be used (to see it simply type ld -v).
-L -L/../../..
that does look a bit weird. Don't see it on your original line though so not sure where it came from. Perhaps your installation is broken?
Do a gcc -v add.c and compare the lines invoking /usr/bin/ld. Perhaps add it to the question.
Related
Command:
I am trying to cross compile a simple C++ program using clang++. I'm using Linaro gcc tool-chain to obtain the library and other includes required.
${root}/bin/clang++ --target=arm-linux-gnueabihf --rtlib=compiler-rt --stdlib=libc++ -nostdinc++ -I${root}/include/c++/v1 -Wl,-L${root}/lib --sysroot ${sysroot} --gcc-toolchain=/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf -rpath ${root}/lib TestCodeX86toARM.cpp -o Test -v
The value of root and sysroot is as follows:
root=/path/to/clang/install_dir
sysroot=/path/to/linarogcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc
TestCodeX86toARM.cpp is just a hello world code
output:
clang version 10.0.0
Target: arm-unknown-linux-gnueabihf
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/bin
Found candidate GCC installation: /home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/7.5.0
Selected GCC installation: /home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/7.5.0
Candidate multilib: .;#m32
Selected multilib: .;#m32
"/home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/bin/clang-10" -cc1 -triple armv6kz-unknown-linux-gnueabihf -emit-obj -mrelax-all -disable-free -disable-llvm-verifier -discard-value-names -main-file-name TestCodeX86toARM.cpp -mrelocation-model static -mthread-model posix -mframe-pointer=all -fmath-errno -fno-rounding-math -masm-verbose -mconstructor-aliases -target-cpu arm1176jzf-s -target-feature +strict-align -target-abi aapcs-linux -mfloat-abi hard -fallow-half-arguments-and-returns -dwarf-column-info -fno-split-dwarf-inlining -debugger-tuning=gdb -v -nostdinc++ -resource-dir /home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/lib/clang/10.0.0 -I /home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/include/c++/v1 -isysroot /home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc -internal-isystem /home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/local/include -internal-isystem /home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/lib/clang/10.0.0/include -internal-externc-isystem /home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/include -internal-externc-isystem /home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/include -fdeprecated-macro -fdebug-compilation-dir /home/user/Tejas/CrossCopileTestCode -ferror-limit 19 -fmessage-length 0 -fno-signed-char -fgnuc-version=4.2.1 -fobjc-runtime=gcc -fcxx-exceptions -fexceptions -fdiagnostics-show-option -fcolor-diagnostics -faddrsig -o /tmp/TestCodeX86toARM-438a38.o -x c++ TestCodeX86toARM.cpp
clang -cc1 version 10.0.0 based upon LLVM 10.0.0 default target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
ignoring nonexistent directory "/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/local/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/include/c++/v1
/home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/lib/clang/10.0.0/include
/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/include
End of search list.
"/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/7.5.0/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/ld" --sysroot=/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc -EL -z relro -X --hash-style=gnu --eh-frame-hdr -m armelf_linux_eabi -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux-armhf.so.3 -o Test /home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/lib/../lib/crt1.o /home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/lib/../lib/crti.o /home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/7.5.0/crtbegin.o -L/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/7.5.0 -L/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/7.5.0/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/../lib -L/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/lib/../lib -L/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/lib/../lib -L/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/7.5.0/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib -L/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/lib -L/home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/lib -L/home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/lib -rpath /home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/lib /tmp/TestCodeX86toARM-438a38.o -lc++ -lm /home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/lib/clang/10.0.0/lib/linux/libclang_rt.builtins-armhf.a -lc /home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/lib/clang/10.0.0/lib/linux/libclang_rt.builtins-armhf.a /home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/7.5.0/crtend.o /home/user/Tejas/LLVM/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/lib/../lib/crtn.o
/home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/lib/libc++.so.1: file not recognized: File format not recognized
clang-10: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
Your linker is trying to link against libc++. However clang cant find this library in your arm tool-chain ( probably your arm tool-chain is providing libstdc++). So the only libc++ found by the linker is /home/user/Tejas/clang+llvm-10.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-18.04/lib/libc++.so.1 which is probably an x86 library ( you can confirm that with objdump or readelf).
Try to replace --stdlib=libc++ by --stdlib=libstdc++ in your command line.
I'm aware that there are many threads about this on Stackoverflow but non of the solutions helped me. I'm using Ubuntu 18.04 with all the stuff that a dev typically needs: build-essential, libreadline-dev, ...
I had a look in /usr/include/readline but readline is definitely there!
gcc always tells me:
undefined reference to "readline"
This happens by the way independently if i'm linking with "-lreadline" or not.
Edit
As user #Kamil Cuk already provided the simple solution I'd like to add some more information:
$ gcc -lreadline -o code code.c
works on MacOS with apple-gcc (which uses clang) as well as with gnu-gcc (installed via brew). Only on Ubuntu the linker-flag has to be after "code.c"
(perhaps because Ubuntu uses gcc-7 and on my Mac I'm using gcc-8)
Edit end
code.c
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <readline/readline.h>
int main(void) {
char * buffer = readline("enter sth: ");
printf("%s\n", buffer);
printf("bye!\n");
}
libreadline-dev package info
dpkg -L libreadline-dev
/.
/usr
/usr/include
/usr/include/readline
/usr/include/readline/chardefs.h
/usr/include/readline/history.h
/usr/include/readline/keymaps.h
/usr/include/readline/readline.h
/usr/include/readline/rlconf.h
/usr/include/readline/rlstdc.h
/usr/include/readline/rltypedefs.h
/usr/include/readline/tilde.h
/usr/lib
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libhistory.a
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libreadline.a
/usr/share
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/info
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libhistory.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libreadline.so
/usr/share/doc/libreadline-dev
gcc command
$ gcc -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -lreadline -Wall -Werror -v -o code code.c
gcc err output
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/lto-wrapper
OFFLOAD_TARGET_NAMES=nvptx-none
OFFLOAD_TARGET_DEFAULT=1
Target: x86_64-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu 7.3.0-27ubuntu1~18.04' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-7/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,brig,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --with-gcc-major-version-only --program-suffix=-7 --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --with-sysroot=/ --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-vtable-verify --enable-libmpx --enable-plugin --enable-default-pie --with-system-zlib --with-target-system-zlib --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-multiarch --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i686 --with-abi=m64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --enable-multilib --with-tune=generic --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none --without-cuda-driver --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
gcc version 7.3.0 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-27ubuntu1~18.04)
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu' '-Wall' '-Werror' '-v' '-o' 'code' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/cc1 -quiet -v -imultiarch x86_64-linux-gnu code.c -quiet -dumpbase code.c -mtune=generic -march=x86-64 -auxbase code -Wall -Werror -version -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat-security -o /tmp/ccLBo26t.s
GNU C11 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-27ubuntu1~18.04) version 7.3.0 (x86_64-linux-gnu)
compiled by GNU C version 7.3.0, GMP version 6.1.2, MPFR version 4.0.1, MPC version 1.1.0, isl version isl-0.19-GMP
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/local/include/x86_64-linux-gnu"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/include
/usr/local/include
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/include-fixed
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu
/usr/include
End of search list.
GNU C11 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-27ubuntu1~18.04) version 7.3.0 (x86_64-linux-gnu)
compiled by GNU C version 7.3.0, GMP version 6.1.2, MPFR version 4.0.1, MPC version 1.1.0, isl version isl-0.19-GMP
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
Compiler executable checksum: c8081a99abb72bbfd9129549110a350c
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu' '-Wall' '-Werror' '-v' '-o' 'code' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
as -v --64 -o /tmp/ccqaH7jD.o /tmp/ccLBo26t.s
Die GNU-Assembler-Version 2.30 (x86_64-linux-gnu) benutzt die BFD-Version (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.30
COMPILER_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/
LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../../lib/:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu' '-Wall' '-Werror' '-v' '-o' 'code' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/collect2 -plugin /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/liblto_plugin.so -plugin-opt=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/lto-wrapper -plugin-opt=-fresolution=/tmp/ccYuIgyM.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s --sysroot=/ --build-id --eh-frame-hdr -m elf_x86_64 --hash-style=gnu --as-needed -dynamic-linker /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 -pie -z now -z relro -o code /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crti.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/crtbeginS.o -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7 -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../../lib -L/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -L/lib/../lib -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -L/usr/lib/../lib -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../.. -lreadline /tmp/ccqaH7jD.o -lgcc --push-state --as-needed -lgcc_s --pop-state -lc -lgcc --push-state --as-needed -lgcc_s --pop-state /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/crtendS.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crtn.o
/tmp/ccqaH7jD.o: In Funktion »main«:
code.c:(.text+0x10): Warnung: undefinierter Verweis auf »readline«
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
I tried several solutions provided on the internet, such as the following links but none of them worked:
How do I properly reference the GNU readline library to scan terminal input?
-L/usr/local/lib -I/usr/local/include
https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/programming-9/undefined-reference-to-readline-494533/
#include "/usr/include/readline/readline.h"
does anyone have an idea?
(by the way, probably don't important: readline works on my Mac but not in my Ubuntu Virtual Machine)
gcc .... code.c .... -lreadline
From gcc link options:
-l library
-llibrary
...
It makes a difference where in the command you write this option; the linker searches and processes libraries and object files in the order they are specified. Thus, ‘foo.o -lz bar.o’ searches library ‘z’ after file foo.o but before bar.o. If bar.o refers to functions in ‘z’, those functions may not be loaded.
Could somebody have met this problem, I have collect2: cannot find 'ld' error when try:
gcc -v -pthread -I /tmp/usr/include -no-use-gold-linker /tmp/teeest.c -o /tmp/teeest > /tmp/ok.log 2>/tmp/error.log
Output:
Using built-in specs.
gcc: unrecognized option '-no-use-gold-linker'
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada --enable-java-awt=gtk --disable-dssi --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-1.5.0.0/jre --enable-libgcj-multifile --enable-java-maintainer-mode --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --disable-libjava-multilib --with-ppl --with-cloog --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=i686 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17) (GCC)
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-pthread' '-I' '/tmp/usr/include' '-no-use-gold-linker' '-o' '/tmp/teeest' '-mtune=generic'
/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/cc1 -quiet -v -I /tmp/usr/include -iprefix ../lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/ -D_REENTRANT /tmp/teeest.c -quiet -dumpbase teeest.c -mtune=generic -auxbase teeest -version -o /tmp/ccVr6ozd.s
ignoring nonexistent directory "../lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "../lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/include-fixed"
ignoring nonexistent directory "../lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../../x86_64-redhat-linux/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "../lib/../lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "../lib/../lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/include-fixed"
ignoring nonexistent directory "../lib/../lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../../x86_64-redhat-linux/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/tmp/usr/include
/usr/local/include
/usr/include
End of search list.
GNU C (GCC) version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17) (x86_64-redhat-linux)
compiled by GNU C version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17), GMP version 4.3.1, MPFR version 2.4.1.
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
Compiler executable checksum: d2ae160e13b93f509f25a064aa53b455
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-pthread' '-I' '/tmp/usr/include' '-no-use-gold-linker' '-o' '/tmp/teeest' '-mtune=generic'
as -V -Qy -o /tmp/ccCIoBhH.o /tmp/ccVr6ozd.s
GNU assembler version 2.20.51.0.2 (x86_64-redhat-linux) using BFD version version 2.20.51.0.2-5.44.el6 20100205
COMPILER_PATH=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/
LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/:../lib/../lib64/:/lib/../lib64/:/usr/lib/../lib64/:../lib/:/lib/:/usr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-pthread' '-I' '/tmp/usr/include' '-no-use-gold-linker' '-o' '/tmp/teeest' '-mtune=generic'
/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/collect2 --eh-frame-hdr --build-id -m elf_x86_64 --hash-style=gnu -dynamic-linker /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 -o /tmp/teeest /usr/lib/../lib64/crt1.o /usr/lib/../lib64/crti.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/crtbegin.o -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7 -L../lib/../lib64 -L/lib/../lib64 -L/usr/lib/../lib64 -L../lib /tmp/ccCIoBhH.o -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lpthread -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/crtend.o /usr/lib/../lib64/crtn.o
collect2: cannot find 'ld'
Check ld existing:
ld: /usr/bin/ld /usr/share/man/man1/ld.1.gz
Check $PATH
/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
I try to compile hello world application on C in /tmp dir.
CentOS 6, 2016, 2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86_64, x86_64
PATH=$PATH; export PATH; gcc -v -pthread -I /tmp/usr/include /tmp/test.c -o /tmp/test > /tmp/ok.log 2>/tmp/error.log; #eto pizdez
I have been trying to cross compile x86 GNU scientific library to ARM architecture for execution on my Cyclone V FPGA, after getting errors regarding libgsl.so: File format not recognised. I have went to the gsl-2.4 directory, and ran ./configure --build=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu --host=arm-linux-gnueabi --prefix=/usr/local/arm-linux this seems to work, and create makefiles:
checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi
checking for arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc... arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables...
checking whether we are cross compiling... yes
...
...
config.status: creating utils/Makefile
config.status: creating vector/Makefile
config.status: creating wavelet/Makefile
config.status: creating config.h
config.status: executing depfiles commands
config.status: executing libtool commands
However, when I then run make after some time the command halts with the following error:
.libs/sasum.o: file not recognized: File format not recognized
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Makefile:679: recipe for target 'libgslcblas.la' failed
make[2]: *** [libgslcblas.la] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/gsl-2.4/cblas'
Makefile:961: recipe for target 'all-recursive' failed
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/gsl-2.4'
Makefile:663: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2
I have tried using other tool chains like arm-linux-gnueabihf with similar results. Has anyone get any ideas on why these errors may be occuring, or just how I can finally get this GSL library compiled for ARM architectures!
Thanks in advance
https://pastebin.com/S5HSqmT6 : output from make CC:..
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/lto-wrapper
Target: arm-linux-gnueabi
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu/Linaro 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.9' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-5/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-5 --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --with-sysroot=/ --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-libitm --disable-libquadmath --enable-plugin --with-system-zlib --disable-browser-plugin --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-gtk-cairo --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-5-armel-cross/jre --enable-java-home --with-jvm-root-dir=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-5-armel-cross --with-jvm-jar-dir=/usr/lib/jvm-exports/java-1.5.0-gcj-5-armel-cross --with-arch-directory=arm --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --disable-libgcj --enable-objc-gc --enable-multiarch --enable-multilib --disable-sjlj-exceptions --with-arch=armv5t --with-float=soft --disable-werror --enable-multilib --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=arm-linux-gnueabi --program-prefix=arm-linux-gnueabi- --includedir=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include
Thread model: posix
gcc version 5.4.0 20160609 (Ubuntu/Linaro 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.9)
COMPILER_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/:/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/:/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/:/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/:/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/:/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/
LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/:/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/../lib/:/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/:/lib/:/usr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-shared' '-fPIC' '-D' 'PIC' '-O2' '-o' '.libs/libgslcblas.so.0.0.0' '-v' '-march=armv5t' '-mfloat-abi=soft' '-mtls-dialect=gnu'
/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/collect2 -plugin /usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/liblto_plugin.so -plugin-opt=/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/lto-wrapper -plugin-opt=-fresolution=/tmp/ccdsl841.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_s --sysroot=/ --build-id --eh-frame-hdr -shared -X --hash-style=gnu --as-needed -m armelf_linux_eabi -z relro -o .libs/libgslcblas.so.0.0.0 /usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/../lib/crti.o /usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/crtbeginS.o -L/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5 -L/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/../lib -L/lib/../lib -L/usr/lib/../lib -L/usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib .libs/sasum.o .libs/saxpy.o .libs/scasum.o .libs/scnrm2.o .libs/scopy.o .libs/sdot.o .libs/sdsdot.o .libs/sgbmv.o .libs/sgemm.o .libs/sgemv.o .libs/sger.o .libs/snrm2.o .libs/srot.o .libs/srotg.o .libs/srotm.o .libs/srotmg.o .libs/ssbmv.o .libs/sscal.o .libs/sspmv.o .libs/sspr.o .libs/sspr2.o .libs/sswap.o .libs/ssymm.o .libs/ssymv.o .libs/ssyr.o .libs/ssyr2.o .libs/ssyr2k.o .libs/ssyrk.o .libs/stbmv.o .libs/stbsv.o .libs/stpmv.o .libs/stpsv.o .libs/strmm.o .libs/strmv.o .libs/strsm.o .libs/strsv.o .libs/dasum.o .libs/daxpy.o .libs/dcopy.o .libs/ddot.o .libs/dgbmv.o .libs/dgemm.o .libs/dgemv.o .libs/dger.o .libs/dnrm2.o .libs/drot.o .libs/drotg.o .libs/drotm.o .libs/drotmg.o .libs/dsbmv.o .libs/dscal.o .libs/dsdot.o .libs/dspmv.o .libs/dspr.o .libs/dspr2.o .libs/dswap.o .libs/dsymm.o .libs/dsymv.o .libs/dsyr.o .libs/dsyr2.o .libs/dsyr2k.o .libs/dsyrk.o .libs/dtbmv.o .libs/dtbsv.o .libs/dtpmv.o .libs/dtpsv.o .libs/dtrmm.o .libs/dtrmv.o .libs/dtrsm.o .libs/dtrsv.o .libs/dzasum.o .libs/dznrm2.o .libs/caxpy.o .libs/ccopy.o .libs/cdotc_sub.o .libs/cdotu_sub.o .libs/cgbmv.o .libs/cgemm.o .libs/cgemv.o .libs/cgerc.o .libs/cgeru.o .libs/chbmv.o .libs/chemm.o .libs/chemv.o .libs/cher.o .libs/cher2.o .libs/cher2k.o .libs/cherk.o .libs/chpmv.o .libs/chpr.o .libs/chpr2.o .libs/cscal.o .libs/csscal.o .libs/cswap.o .libs/csymm.o .libs/csyr2k.o .libs/csyrk.o .libs/ctbmv.o .libs/ctbsv.o .libs/ctpmv.o .libs/ctpsv.o .libs/ctrmm.o .libs/ctrmv.o .libs/ctrsm.o .libs/ctrsv.o .libs/zaxpy.o .libs/zcopy.o .libs/zdotc_sub.o .libs/zdotu_sub.o .libs/zdscal.o .libs/zgbmv.o .libs/zgemm.o .libs/zgemv.o .libs/zgerc.o .libs/zgeru.o .libs/zhbmv.o .libs/zhemm.o .libs/zhemv.o .libs/zher.o .libs/zher2.o .libs/zher2k.o .libs/zherk.o .libs/zhpmv.o .libs/zhpr.o .libs/zhpr2.o .libs/zscal.o .libs/zswap.o .libs/zsymm.o .libs/zsyr2k.o .libs/zsyrk.o .libs/ztbmv.o .libs/ztbsv.o .libs/ztpmv.o .libs/ztpsv.o .libs/ztrmm.o .libs/ztrmv.o .libs/ztrsm.o .libs/ztrsv.o .libs/icamax.o .libs/idamax.o .libs/isamax.o .libs/izamax.o .libs/xerbla.o -lm -soname libgslcblas.so.0 -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed /usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/crtendS.o /usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/5/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/lib/../lib/crtn.o
.libs/sasum.o: file not recognized: File format not recognised
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
and then:
.libs/sasum.o: ELF 64-bit LSB relocatable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), not stripped
While trying to compile a C program using make file, I am facing the following linking error described below.
I know this kind of issues are already discussed in many other posts, but I tried with solutions suggested in them but they all did not work.
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lclntsh
libclntsh.so and libclntsh.so.10.1 are present in oracle path /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/lib and that is being given as -L option in make file. Still I am facing the issue:-
Linking yieldrpt ...
cc -v -g -D_HPUX_SOURCE -DPARETO -Wl,-aarchive -L/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/lib/ yieldrpt.o -lclntsh `cat /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/lib/ldflags` -lmalloc -ldl -lm \
-lmalloc -o yieldrpt
Using built-in specs.
Target: i386-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-libgcj-multifile --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada --enable-java-awt=gtk --disable-dssi --disable-plugin --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.4.2-gcj-1.4.2.0/jre --with-cpu=generic --host=i386-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-54)
/usr/libexec/gcc/i386-redhat-linux/4.1.2/collect2 --eh-frame-hdr -m elf_i386 --hash-style=gnu -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o yieldrpt /usr/lib/gcc/i386-redhat-linux/4.1.2/../../../crt1.o /usr/lib/gcc/i386-redhat-linux/4.1.2/../../../crti.o /usr/lib/gcc/i386-redhat-linux/4.1.2/crtbegin.o -L/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/lib/ -L/usr/lib/gcc/i386-redhat-linux/4.1.2 -L/usr/lib/gcc/i386-redhat-linux/4.1.2 -L/usr/lib/gcc/i386-redhat-linux/4.1.2/../../.. -aarchive yieldrpt.o -lclntsh -lnbeq10 -lnhost10 -lnus10 -lnldap10 -lldapclnt10 -lnsslb10 -lntcp10 -lntcps10 -lnsslb10 -lntcp10 -lntns10 -lmalloc -ldl -lm -lmalloc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed /usr/lib/gcc/i386-redhat-linux/4.1.2/crtend.o /usr/lib/gcc/i386-redhat-linux/4.1.2/../../../crtn.o
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lclntsh
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [yieldrpt] Error 1
Please let me know if any other info is needed.
Thank you
You are passing -aarchive to the linker. This is an HP/UX compatibility option
that is synonymous with -Bstatic, which directs the linker not to link dynamic
libraries. Hence your libclntsh.so is ignored. See the documentation
If you don't know why this option is there you may well remove it and try again. If you
know it is necessary then you will have to find static libraries, including libclntsh.a to
link against.
If you have libclntsh.so.12.1 or similar is already installed you may try symlinking the library to libclntsh.so with the following command: ln -s /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib/libclntsh.so.12.1 /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib/libclntsh.so
For me it was /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lclntshcore. For some reason, the following symlink is missing.
libclntshcore.so -> /home/ubuntu/ora2pg/instantclient_12_2/libclntshcore.so.12.1
[oracle#em12c bin]$ pwd
/u01/em12c/middleware/oms/bin
[oracle#em12c bin]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/em12c/middleware/oms
[oracle#em12c bin]$ ./genclntsh
[oracle#em12c bin]$ ls -l /u01/em12c/middleware/oms/lib32//libclntsh.so
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 oracle oinstall 17 Oct 23 22:16 /u01/em12c/middleware/oms/lib32//libclntsh.so -> libclntsh.so.11.1