retrieving ip and port from a sockaddr_storage - c

I've got a sockaddr_storage containing the ipv4 address and port of a remote host. I haven't seen these structs before though and I'm not sure how to cast it into a struct where I can directly retrieve IP address and port number. I've tried googling the struct but haven't found anything. Any suggestions on how to do this?
Thanks

You can cast the pointer to struct sockaddr_in * or struct sockaddr_in6 * and access the members directly, but that's going to open a can of worms about aliasing violations and miscompilation issues.
A better approach would be to pass the pointer to getnameinfo with the NI_NUMERICHOST and NI_NUMERICSERV flags to get a string representation of the address and port. This has the advantage that it supports both IPv4 and IPv6 with no additional code, and in theory supports all future address types too. You might have to cast the pointer to void * (or struct sockaddr * explicitly, if you're using C++) to pass it to getnameinfo, but this should not cause problems.

To extend an answer above and provide a code that uses getnameinfo function, check this snippet:
struct sockaddr_storage client_addr;
socklen_t client_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage);
// Accept client request
int client_socket = accept(server_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &client_len);
char hoststr[NI_MAXHOST];
char portstr[NI_MAXSERV];
int rc = getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, client_len, hoststr, sizeof(hoststr), portstr, sizeof(portstr), NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV);
if (rc == 0) printf("New connection from %s %s", hoststr, portstr);
The result is that a hoststr contains an IP address from struct sockaddr_storage and a portstr contains a port respectively.

Related

What is the socket address family defined by 30?

I am writing a simple FTP server program in C. I am mostly following Beej's Guide to Network Programming. In order to complete the pasv mode functionality, I have to create another socket and send its ip and port to the client.
Since gethostbyname() is deprecated, I am using getsockname() to get my current network IP address. My plan is that I separate two cases (ipv4 and ipv6) and send info to the client accordingly. But, whenever I try to get the address family it always 30. I am not sure if I am printing this correctly though.
I am doing something simple like this (which might include mistakes), and it prints 30.
struct sockaddr_storage my_addr;
int result;
socklen_t len = sizeof(my_addr);
result = getsockname(current_fd, (struct sockaddr *) &my_addr, &len);
if (my_addr.ss_family == AF_INET) { // ipv4
struct sockaddr_in * ipv4 = (struct sockaddr_in *) &my_addr;
addr = &(ipv4->sin_addr);
} else { // ipv6
struct sockaddr_in6 * ipv6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *) &my_addr;
addr = &(ipv6->sin6_addr);
}
printf(" family: %u\n", (unsigned short) my_addr.ss_family);
When I searched this online, I got:
#define AF_ATM 30 /* ATM */
What is this exactly? Is this expected? If not, where am I doing something wrong?
Thank you.
Edit:
Apparently what it was printing was something different.
It is not defined as:
#define AF_ATM 30 /* ATM */
but it is defines as:
MT IPv6: Multi-Topology IP version 6 [RFC7307]

How can I get the connected client's IP address using WinSock2 and C?

I want to get the IP address of the client who’s just connected into my server running WinSock2. I’m using C.
You could get the client's IP-address and port via the call to accept().
Just pass in the appropriate data into the last two parameters.
struct sockaddr_in sa = {0}; /* for TCP/IP */
socklen_t socklen = sizeof sa;
... = accept(..., (struct sockaddr *) &sa, &socklen);
For details please read here.
Have not done it myself, but take a look at getpeername. Looks like this is what you need.
This work for me on winsock2. No need of getpeername
SOCKET newConnection;
SOCKADDR_IN addr;
int addrlen = sizeof(addr);
newConnection = accept(sListen, (SOCKADDR*)&addr, &addrlen);
char *ip = inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr);
printf("Accepted Connection from : %s", ip);

getpeername() Returns Wrong Data

I am writing my first sockets program on Linux and am trying to print the IP address and port of the peer I have connected to. I use getpeername() along with inet_ntop() and ntohs() to get the data out of the sockaddr_in struct. When I look at the results, I get an IP address that does not go to any server that I know of (ping fails) and says that I am listening to a port that netstat says is not being used.
What am I doing wrong? I should be getting 130.215.28.181:39000, but instead I am getting 209.94.72.137:18825 every time I run the program. Looking at netstat shows that I am indeed listening on port 39000.
Here is a snippet from my client program:
connect(sockfd,&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr))
// print welcome message
char ipstr[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
bzero(ipstr, 50);
struct sockaddr_in *address;
socklen_t address_len = sizeof(*address);
getpeername(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) address, &address_len);
inet_ntop(AF_INET, &address->sin_addr, ipstr, sizeof(ipstr));
printf("Connection established successfully with %s:%i!\n", ipstr, ntohs(address->sin_port));
You're not allocating any memory for your sockaddr_in structure, you's just passing a pointer to some random memory location. Instead, allocate the address structure on the stack:
struct sockaddr_in addr;
socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);
int err = getpeername(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &addr, &addr_len);
if (err != 0) {
// error
}
You should also be checking the return value of every function that is documented to return an error code. In particular, both connect and getpeername return error codes that you should be checking.

How to get ip address from sock structure in c?

I'm writing simple server/client and trying to get client IP address and save it on server side to decide which client should get into critical section. I googled it several times but couldn't find proper way to get IP address from sock structure.
I believe this is a way to get IP from sock struct after server accept request from client. More specifically in c after server execute
csock = accept(ssock, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &clen)
Thanks
OK assuming you are using IPV4 then do the following:
struct sockaddr_in* pV4Addr = (struct sockaddr_in*)&client_addr;
struct in_addr ipAddr = pV4Addr->sin_addr;
If you then want the ip address as a string then do the following:
char str[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
inet_ntop( AF_INET, &ipAddr, str, INET_ADDRSTRLEN );
IPV6 is pretty easy as well ...
struct sockaddr_in6* pV6Addr = (struct sockaddr_in6*)&client_addr;
struct in6_addr ipAddr = pV6Addr->sin6_addr;
and getting a string is almost identical to IPV4
char str[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
inet_ntop( AF_INET6, &ipAddr, str, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN );
The easier and correct way for extracting IP address and port number would be:
printf("IP address is: %s\n", inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr));
printf("port is: %d\n", (int) ntohs(client_addr.sin_port));
The SoapBox's accepted answer won't be correct for all architectures. See Big and Little Endian.
Assuming client_addr is a struct sockaddr_in (which it usually is). You can get the IP address (as a 32-bit unsigned integer) from client_addr.sin_addr.s_addr.
You can convert it to a string this way:
printf("%d.%d.%d.%d\n",
int(client.sin_addr.s_addr&0xFF),
int((client.sin_addr.s_addr&0xFF00)>>8),
int((client.sin_addr.s_addr&0xFF0000)>>16),
int((client.sin_addr.s_addr&0xFF000000)>>24));

Is it safe to use a temporary sockaddr_in when using connect() in C?

Using sockets in C, is it safe to do this in a function?
int ConnectTo(char *ip, int port){
struct sockaddr_in addr;
memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &addr.sin_addr.s_addr);
addr.sin_port = htons(port);
int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
if(connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &addr, sizeof(addr))
return sock;
else
return -1;
}
More specifically, the prototype given in 'man connect' is
int connect(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen);
Will I be punished somewhere down the line if the sockaddr structure is trashed later?
What you're doing is completely safe - the socket takes a copy of anything that it needs from the sockaddr.
I've never had a problem doing it that way. The socket structure must hold the sockaddr data afterward.
The reason the sockaddr is passed as a pointer is because it is a structure and they want to avoid copying it unnecessarily, which is would what would happen if it was passed as a value.
A pointer is typically as big as a single memory word - 32 or 64 bits in most cases. A sockaddr struct is quite big, on my platform its at least 18 bytes.
Logically it would be quite hard for another function down the line to access that pointer, The only way that could ever happen was if the connect() function stored that pointer globally somewhere which is totally nuts and wouldn't make any sense and if there was ever a socket API that did that you should either kill yourself or the developer of that implementation.

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