How can I breakup my large Backbone.js project into sections? - backbone.js

I have 1 controller with hundreds of routes. Is there a system to break up an app into sections and only load the javascript files needed for that section?
Otherwise the user might have to download all the javascript for the entire app from the first load.
Seems like on certain controller hits, it should detect if a new download of javascript is needed.

You could look into RequireJS.
Just remember that loading modules dynamically has it's downsides as well:
Application is less responsive, each time you load new module user has to wait.
Code can get more complex as you can only execute certain parts only once something has been loaded.
And some more complex problems in specific applications.
Ideally you want to keep your module/multiple file approach, but for deployment merge everything in one file. Even if it's a huge file it will still load faster than say 50 files and be more pleasant for user than having to see loading screen each time he navigates to different part of the application.
I think RequireJS offer both things, you can load things on the go when you develop, but when you're ready for deployment you still can package all in one file.

I recommend using asset packager such as Jammit that will minify your multiple scripts into one compressed one on demand.
This way you can structure your scripts however makes more sense to you, break them into as many files you wish, and the asset handle will take care of compressing and combining them.
If some scripts are way too big to be loaded everywhere, you can always move loading of bigger scripts into views that need these scripts using content_for
For instance:
<% content_for :head do %>
<%= include_javascripts :my_big_files %>
<% end %>

Another option for you could be Stitch. It is a part of the node eco system, and can compile coffeescript on the fly.
https://github.com/sstephenson/stitch

Related

Can I NOT use requirejs in marionette/backbone?

People mention requirejs together with marionette, backbonejs and the like.
requirejs seems an asset loader -- executing your rules on when to load what.
I know the first 'page' of my single-page-app already needs most of the files. If I don't mind loading all files in one go, can I simply ignore requirejs?
Technically yes. Only dependencies for marionette-backbone are
jQuery v1.8+
Underscore v1.4.4 - 1.6.0
Backbone v1.0.0 - 1.1.2 are preferred
Backbone.Wreqr (Comes automatically with the bundled build)
Backbone.BabySitter(Comes automatically with the bundled build)
Further require.js can manage use code structure in a manner which give your code much resource efficient code at the end. From my point of view for simple application which you need simple set of views,models and collection with manageable amount of code it ok to proceed without require.js.
But if your application have complex logic and higher number of resources it's good to go require.js. Because it not good to send 15+ like individual resource requests server at very beginning of your application load. Require can make any number of your resource in to one server resource. That's the advantage.
What I prefer is one request of all css, one for all js, one for sprite image for graphic if things are big to handle which allow to create fast performing application.
Take you decision looking at the amount of resources of the project. It's not essential have require.js form the beginning of your application development.

Is it good to put each directive in separate file Angular?

I have about 10 directives and they are pretty complicated. Today I use one file only directives.js.
Is there some performance penalty if I'll put each directive to separate file for better maintenance?
Thanks,
JavaScript itself doesn't care where the code comes from. But JavaScript code has to be loaded by the browser. Making 10 HTTP requests to load 10 files is obviously slower than making 1 HTTP request to load the equivalent code.
But that's not a good reason to put everything in a single file. You should make one file for each component to make the code maintainable and easy to find. But the build procedure of your application should concatenate and minify the JavaSript files into a single file for production, so that a single file is used by the actual application.
Grunt and Gulp are two good build tools to do that, and much more.
Yes, there is a performance penalty for the client if it has to load every file individually. There are, however, server-side techniques to mitigate this, such as ASP.NET's script bundling, Grunt's building and many many more, that bundle several JavaScript files into one file for the client.
Yes, you should put your directives in separate files. This will cause performance degradation if used as is, however by using build tools like Grunt you can concatenate and minify whole of your app into a single JS file.

Is it necessary to have multiple html files in require.js?

I made a simple app using backbone.js and require.js. Earlier i used to have just one index.html file and used to dynamically render/hide different views. Now with require.js, i still have index.html file but i have created separate html files for each of my four views in the app, and i put them all in templates folder. Main point is, these four html files don't have the <!DOCTYPE html></html> tags, just the <div> tags for the view.
I'm not sure this is the right way to do it using require.js. Should i integrate all html code into just one index.html and using <script> tags for templating?
You shouldn't put your templates into one big html file, require.js and Backbone.js are the perfect combination to have everything in highly flexible modules, loaded only when neccessary.
With only a few modules you may not notice their advantages, but trust me, if you write more complex, dynamically growing high speed web applications, you save yourself hours of debugging and refactoring, and your code will be very simple to read and modify.
You have several ways to handle templates with Backbone, e.x. this.$el.html( _.template(template, this.model.toJSON() )) if you loaded your template into a template variable.
It won't affect speed, templates are only a few kilobytes. Comparing to the fact that your page is likely to already load a dozen files(many icons, a few images, css-es, js-es) even without BB.js or Require.js and modules, a new few-kilobyte-big file will not be noticable. Also, you can cache templates after first load if you use Require.js to load them.
Depends...
Mostly I would separate them because it fells more organized and easier to maintain, but... if you have too many of them (lets call them "Tiles") it can make your site slow because you will be doing several server trips to draw the site, I've read somewhere that when the browser have to make more than 4 request HTTP at the same time you will be punished for it with a slower performance, I will try to find the source and post here.
If your tiles are always together, I think putting everything in a single HTML with is ok, so you can fetch all of them with a single HTTP request, but the down side is that when you update a single template the client side cache of all templates goes to hell.
Another solution is to have them in separate files so they are more organized and using a build tool you create a big minified template file that you use on production, but that will require some work.
So you got to find the best way for your site.
P.S:Are you using a templating mechanism ? I find them really helpful in this situations.

Backbone.js, splitting up files in legacy app

I am using backbone.js in a legacy app to rewrite separate pages into individual bits of backbone work.
I am not using any routing and it is not a total single page application.
Only certain pages are individual backbone.js applicaitons.
At the moment I have all my backbone javasript in one file for each page that uses it which is painful to work on.
Would it be wise to use something like requirejs on a page by page basis or is there something better I could do in order to split the page up in development and serve one page in production?
That depends largely on what your existing codebase looks like.
RequireJS is a great tool...if your existing code is set up to support it, or you have a small enough codebase to be able to convert it without breaking everything. However, not all legacy JS code is, especially if it's part of a larger system (I personally ran into this problem with a Backbone project I'm working on). If you can, then by all means, make use of it. The big advantage, as far as I know, with RequireJS is that it doesn't actually fetch and load the Javascript files until you need them. So you can have one RequireJS call that's in all of your pages, and only download what you need, when you need it.
There are other ways, however, to combine your Javascript code at production time, which, again, depends greatly on your setup. Many content management systems include "minify" scripts that handle it automatically for all of your Javascript files. You can also do it "by hand" with Minify, YUI Compressor, or one of the many other minification tools out there. (You can also do it "really by hand", and develop in multiple files and combine them via copy+paste, but that's really more work than is necessary.)
Regardless of how you go about doing it, I highly recommend breaking your projects into multiple files (not only into a file for different projects, but multiple files within the projects, to hold each view and models if they have significant code). It makes it infinitely easier to maintain.

What are your recommendations for reducing the number of resources (JavaScript and CSS) that DotNetNuke loads?

The home page for DotNetNuke 5.2 is around 252.6KB. It uses 15 JavaScripts and 8 CSS files. The number of resources DotNetNuke uses seems excessive to me. I am looking for best practices creating DotNetNuke skins that limit the JavaScript and CSS resources.
You can use the Unload CSS Skin Object to remove links to some of the CSS files loaded by the framework (like Default.css, portal.css & any module-specific CSS files). You can then move all of those styles into the skin (or portal stylesheet, whichever is your preference), so that there's only one stylesheet that gets loaded.
I don't know of any solutions for combining JavaScript resources or reducing the number of scripts that DNN requires.
From 6.1 onward, the Client Resource Management component is the solution for this. It automatically combines all your files, cleaning them up, removing comments, and minifying if desired.
http://www.dotnetnuke.com/Resources/Wiki/Page/Client-Resource-Management-API.aspx
It takes a little getting used to, but the control is quite nice. You can decide which order they'll go in, you can group the files in bunches if you don't want one big single file - maybe you want certain bunches of scripts together but not all.
One thing to remember is that when you're doing development (as noted by the comment below, which I've since edited this post), you should always use debug=true in the web.config, otherwise if you are using Resource Mgmt and change your source files, you'll constantly need to regenerate the combined files by going into Site Settings, Client Resource Management, and increment the version. It's kind of a protection to keep anything from altering your clients' browser caches without intent (that's the message box that pops up to let you know when you do it). I'm sure if you have a zillion users this might make a difference.
Part of that is just the dynamic nature of DNN - there are some good resources that R2i has published about combining javascript and CSS
One concrete suggestion is to combine all your skin and contianer css in one file and if you have full control of the site to combine the css from the modules you use into that same file.
I know with the addition of the Telerik controls there is some abilities to combine resource files
Another thing that helps is to combine graphics into a single file and use CSS (the sprite technique) to cut down number of files loaded and calls to the sever
Like it was stated above, it's the nature of the beast. Each module will have at least 1 css file included. You can check out PageBlaster from snapsis.com, I believe it will do what you are looking for.

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