I am using an ItemsControl inside a window in WPF. The itemscontrol is bound with a collection and the collection is a group of view models(user controls). My problem - the view is going beyond the current window as a result of many view models in the collection. I tried many things to handle it with a scroll bar but no use. Any suggestions? The question really is how to contain the itemscontrol within a window(with scrolling)?
The XAML below
<Window x:Class="WpfApplicationTest.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:app="clr-namespace:WpfApplicationTest"
Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid Height="Auto">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="30"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ItemsControl Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" ItemsSource="{Binding UserControlCollection}" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch"/>
<StackPanel Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" Orientation="Horizontal" VerticalAlignment="Bottom">
<Button Content="OK" Width="100" Margin="3" />
<Button Content="Cancel" Width="100" Margin="3" />
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
Wrap your ItemsControl in a ScrollViewer
Update: in your example, also set row height to * if it won't scale correctly.
In addition to #Bas's answer, set your MaxHeight and MinHeight properties to your window dimensions. You can either use the hard-coded numbers you have in the example, or create a binding to Window.ActualHeight/ActualWidth.
Related
I am doing a feasibility study to find out whether and how we can integrate a Forms application into a WPF project.
I started with a simple example and immediately encountered a problem (here is the code):
<Window x:Class="TestFormsIntegration.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:wf="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Forms;assembly=System.Windows.Forms"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:TestFormsIntegration"
mc:Ignorable="d"
Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800">
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="40"/>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
<RowDefinition Height="40"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Label Grid.Row="0" Content="Menue Bar" HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Background="BlanchedAlmond" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" />
<ScrollViewer x:Name="scrollViewer" Grid.Row="1" HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
<Grid >
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="200" />
<RowDefinition Height="200" />
<RowDefinition Height="200" />
<RowDefinition Height="200" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<WindowsFormsHost Grid.Row="0" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Height="190" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="250">
<wf:Button Text="Button 0" Height="180" Width="200" BackColor="Gray" />
</WindowsFormsHost>
<WindowsFormsHost Grid.Row="1" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Height="190" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="250">
<wf:Button Text="Button 1" Height="180" Width="200" BackColor="Gray"/>
</WindowsFormsHost>
<WindowsFormsHost Grid.Row="2" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Height="190" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="250">
<wf:Button Text="Button 2" Height="180" Width="200" BackColor="Gray" />
</WindowsFormsHost>
<WindowsFormsHost Grid.Row="3" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Height="190" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="250">
<wf:Button Text="Button 3" Height="180" Width="200" BackColor="Gray" />
</WindowsFormsHost>
</Grid>
</ScrollViewer>
<Label Grid.Row="2" Content="Status Bar" HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Background="Wheat" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" />
</Grid>
</Window>
In a grid with 4 rows I place 4 forms buttons. When I run the code, the inner grid crosses the boundaries and overwrites the labels at the top and bottom (indicating Menu and Status Bar) and takes up the height of the entire window.
Does anyone know this behaviour and how to fix it?
Hint: Try a larger value for height (you have Height="450"), because the sum of the height of your elements is just higher (200 * 4) and don't forget the labels.
I have found the solution here:
WindowsFormsHost ZOrder
Here I read:
In a WPF user interface, you can change the z-order of elements to control overlapping behavior. A hosted Windows Forms control is drawn in a separate HWND, so it is always drawn on top of WPF elements.
But this article also contains an answer with a solution!
You can do a little trick. When you declare an WindowsFormsHost, it's parent is first HWND component. Usually it's root window. So, clip area for controls is whole window.
But there's a way to create "intermediate" HWND item to clip WinForms area over ScrollViewer. Just place another WindowsFormsHost with ElementHost.
Thank you for your answer, ds1709.
Basically I have a window is that SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight" and I have a Label positioned on the bottom. When resizing the window the label disappears. Unless I make the window a lot bigger.
I have the following XAML code:
<Window x:Class="DateKeeper.View.Test"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DateKeeper.View"
mc:Ignorable="d"
Title="Test" SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight"
>
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition/>
<ColumnDefinition/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition/>
<RowDefinition/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Label x:Name="label" Content="Label" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Grid.Column="0" Grid.Row="1" FontSize="36"/>
<TextBlock x:Name="textBlock" Grid.Column="1" Text="TextBlock" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Grid.Row="1" FontSize="36"/>
</Grid>
</Window>
And here are the pictures:
Before Resizing
After resizing
SizeToWidthAndHeight sets the window's initial size. It doesn't prevent the user from resizing the window.
ResizeMode="NoResize" will prevent all resizing. If you want to set a minimum size and allow the window to be sized larger than that, you can't do that in pure XAML.
However, you can use that initial size as a minimum width and height with some simple code in a loaded handler, like so:
<Window
x:Class="DateKeeper.View.Test"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DateKeeper.View"
mc:Ignorable="d"
Title="Test"
SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight"
Loaded="Window_Loaded"
>
Test.xaml.cs (or whatever you call the codebehind for the above Window):
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
MinWidth = ActualWidth;
MinHeight = ActualHeight;
}
You could also write an attached property that would do the same thing.
Update
This pure-XAML approach with Mode=OneTime seems promising:
<Window
...
SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight"
MinHeight="{Binding ActualHeight, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Mode=OneTime, PresentationTraceSources.TraceLevel=High}"
MinWidth="{Binding ActualWidth, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Mode=OneTime}"
...
...but in trace output, we see that it gets the values of ActualHeight and ActualWidth very early on, before the window is sized to its content, perhaps before then actual UI window object is even created -- at a point when the actual width and height are both reported as zero.
You have 50% now
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition/>
<ColumnDefinition/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
<RowDefinition Height="auto"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Label x:Name="label" Content="Label" FontSize="36"
Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" HorizontalAlignment="Left" />
<TextBlock x:Name="textBlock" Text="TextBlock" FontSize="36"
Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" VerticalAlignment="Bottom"/>
</Grid>
Not sure what you are trying to create, but three things:
The elements are losing visibility because they are going off of the screen because they are running out of room
Your layout puts both text elements in the second row of the Grid
a. The elements will only have 50% of the available height to render
b. FontSize and Margins/Padding will further offset this
You have two different text element types (Label and TextBlock)
a. Both have different Margin/Padding values
b. The different layout values will result in different levels of visibility
If you don't want the elements to lose visibility, you need to set a minimum size of the Window (e.g. 325x150).
I have a simple WPF form with next XAML
<Window x:Class="ReikartzDataConverter.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="MainWindow" Height="650" Width="800">
<Grid Width="780" Height="650">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="50"></RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="500"></RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="50"></RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="50"></RowDefinition>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Label Grid.Row="0" Content="Process information" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="0,20,0,0" Name="label1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="235" />
<DataGrid Grid.Row="1" Width="780" Height="500" Name="paysTable">
</DataGrid>
<Label Grid.Row="2" Height="28" Name="lblError" VerticalAlignment="Top" Visibility="Hidden" Foreground="OrangeRed" FontWeight="Bold" FontSize="12" />
<Button Grid.Row="3" Content="Quit" Height="23" Name="button1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="button1_Click" />
<Button Grid.Row="3" Content="Start" Height="23" Name="button2" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="button2_Click" />
</Grid>
</Window>
Why my 2 buttons from Grid.Row="3" are partially located out of the visible part of the window?
My window has the height="650" and my Grid also has the Height="650"
I have 4 Rows: 50, 50, 500, 50. So the last row must be located inside the window. Why is not so?
The Window Height of 650 also includes the 'chrome', i.e. the bar at the top of the window with the minimize, maximize buttons. It is a much better approach to create a layout which does not rely on a specific height. In your case, I would make the row that contains your grid auto-sized:
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="50"></RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="50"></RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="50"></RowDefinition>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
Then you can remove the height / width from your Grid, and all your other UI elements, just let the grid dictate the size of its children.
#ColinE's answer is the right approach in that you should adopt a "fluid" layout in WPF, but if you really want a fixed height for your content and you need the window to be the right size, you can use the SizeToContent property:
<Window x:Class="ReikartzDataConverter.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="MainWindow" Width="800"
SizeToContent="Height">
<Grid Width="780" Height="650">
...
</Grid>
</Window>
Setting SizeToContent to "Height" will make the window resize vertically so that its contents fit. Don't forget to remove the Height property from the Window declaration.
I have a window where I add a new UserControl to (with an image), I simply want to center the control in the middle of the screen (both vertically and horizontally). I can only get the vertical one to work. I'm gonna swap content in the DockPanel from my CodeBehind and want to show this startup screen before I start doing my slideshow UI, this means that the content is set from the CodeBehind.
My Window:
<Window x:Class="GreenWebPlayerWPF.Window1"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="Window1" Height="512" Width="853" WindowStyle="None" WindowState="Maximized" WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen">
<DockPanel Width="Auto" Height="Auto" Name="TransitionContainer" Background="Black" Margin="0" LastChildFill="True"></DockPanel>
</Window>
My UserControl:
<UserControl x:Class="GreenWebPlayerWPF.FrontPage"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
<DockPanel Background="Black">
<Image Name="image1" Stretch="None" Source="/GreenWebPlayerWPF;component/gw.png" />
</DockPanel>
</UserControl>
Please note that I'm using maximized/full screen.
Use a Grid:
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<!-- Replace with your UserControl -->
<Button Content="Foo" Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="1"/>
</Grid>
You can dock it inside your DockPanel (if you must have a DockPanel there) to stretch. And, of course, while the above is all markup, you can just as easily create such a grid from code.
I keep running into this problem when trying to center elements on the page.
The problem with the StackPanel is that HorizontalAlignment has no effect when the Orientation is Horizontal and VerticalAlignment no effect when Orientation is Vertical. So you keep banging your head trying to set values with no effect. It is not illogical that it works this way but it would be good if this was reported as an error.
The solution I found is to have two imbricated StackPanels one centered horizontally and the other vertically as shown below. Finding the size of the parent is needed to size the intermediate panel otherwise it would be flat and its content hidden - an absolute value would work as well. Although not a panacea itis a bit less verbose than using a grid.
<StackPanel Background="Bisque" Orientation="Vertical" Width="300" Height="300" >
<StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center" Orientation="Horizontal"
Height="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType=StackPanel}, Path=ActualHeight}">
<StackPanel VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="200" Height="60" Background="Blue">
</StackPanel>
</StackPanel>
</StackPanel>
It's quite an old one, but centring a control is now as simple as:
<Grid VerticalAlignment="Stretch" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch">
<StackPanel VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Height="350" Width="600">
<TextBox />
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
In the following example, the leftmost column's width does not increase to accommodate the ListBox's scrollbar that appears when the UserControl's height is decreased:
<UserControl
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
x:Class="Example">
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
<ColumnDefinition />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
<RowDefinition />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Grid.ColumnSpan="2">Example text</TextBlock>
<ListBox Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0">
<ListBoxItem>One</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem>Two</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem>Three</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem>Four</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem>Five</ListBoxItem>
</ListBox>
<Expander Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" Header="Expander" />
</Grid>
</UserControl>
When the TextBlock with the ColumnSpan attribute is removed the column resizes as expected. Is this a bug in WPF?
It appears this is a known bug with the ListBox scrollbar and the WPF Grid. Microsoft also notes they will probably not have this fixed in 4.0.