If I'm statically linking a GTK+ program under FreeBSD 8, gtk_builder_add_from_file() suddenly returns with an error:
Invalid object type `GtkWindow'
How to fix that? With dynamic linking everything works fine.
Update: linking is done by:
cc -o foobar foo.o bar.o main.o -Wall -pedantic -std=c99 D_THREAD_SAFE -DORBIT2=1 -D_REENTRANT -I/usr/local/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/local/lib/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/local/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/local/include/cairo -I/usr/local/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/local/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/local/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/local/include/freetype2 -I/usr/local/include/gconf/2 -I/usr/local/include/orbit-2.0 -I/usr/local/include/dbus-1.0 -I/usr/local/include/dbus-1.0/include -DGTK_DISABLE_DEPRECATED=1 -DGDK_DISABLE_DEPRECATED -DGDK_PIXBUF_DISABLE_DEPRECATED -DG_DISABLE_DEPRECATED=1 -DGTK_MULTIHEAD_SAFE=1 -export-dynamic -static -pthread -L/usr/local/lib -lgtk-x11-2.0 -lgdk-x11-2.0 -latk-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lXinerama -lXi -lXcursor -lXcomposite -lXdamage -lpangoft2-1.0 -lXext -lXfixes -lcairo -lpixman-1 -lpng -lxcb-render-util -lXrender -lxcb-render -lX11 -lxcb -lXau -lXdmcp -lpango-1.0 -lfontconfig -lexpat -lfreetype -lz -lgconf-2 -lORBit-2 -lm -ldbus-1 -lgmodule-2.0 -lgthread-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -liconv -lintl -lpcre
or in another words, in Makefile I have:
CFLAGS := -Wall -pedantic -std=c99
LDFLAGS := -export-dynamic -static
CFLAGS += $(shell pkg-config --cflags gtk+-2.0 gconf-2.0) \
-DGTK_DISABLE_DEPRECATED=1 -DGDK_DISABLE_DEPRECATED \
-DGDK_PIXBUF_DISABLE_DEPRECATED -DG_DISABLE_DEPRECATED=1 \
-DGTK_MULTIHEAD_SAFE=1
LDFLAGS += $(shell pkg-config --libs --static gtk+-2.0 gconf-2.0) -lintl -lpcre
...
$(NAME): $(OBJ)
cc -o $# $^ $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)
First of all linking gtk+ against an application statically is not supported. You are likely to run into a lot of hairy problems.
GtkBuilder needs to be able to dlopen your library, you need to make sure that all he symbols from the related libraries are also exported by your binary. On ELF systems you'll have to pass in the -export-dynamic/-Wl,-export-dynamic to the linker/gcc.
Related
This question seems to have been asked a zillion times, but unfortunately, none of the answers helped me.
I believe I have installed gtk correctly. My pkg-config environment seems okay. I'm not so sure of gcc.
I removed all the mingw and cygwin folders from my path environment, as I am only going to be using msys2 packages. So I have my path environment this way:-
GTK_LIB_DIR
C:\msys64\mingw64\lib
PKG_CONFIG_PATH
C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\pkgconfig
Path - C:\msys64\usr\bin;C:\msys64\mingw64\bin;%GTK_LIB_DIR%
The problem I am having is with compilation. Running this...
gcc pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0 -o gtkTest C:\dev\test_gtk3.c pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0
I get...
cc: error: `pkg-config: No such file or directory
gcc: error: gtk+-3.0`: No such file or directory
gcc: error: `pkg-config: No such file or directory
gcc: error: gtk+-3.0`: No such file or directory
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option '--cflags'
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option '--libs'
I can run the following commands separately, with expected results. e.g.
pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0
pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0
gcc -o gtkTest C:\dev\test_gtk3.c
Of course the last command returns an error, since gtk is not referenced.
I tried various combinations, some of my own. Some recommended, but one error persists, on pkg-config.
e.g.
C:\WINDOWS\system32>gcc -o gtkTest C:\dev\test_gtk3.c "pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0 pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0"
gcc: error: pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0 pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0: No such file or directory
The last answer I found says "If pkg-config reports that it couldn't find the package, then you didn't install the Gtk development package as offered by your Linux distribution."
I'm using Windows, but I think I installed gtk correctly, since I followed the instructions, and I get what seems to be the expected results (please correct me if I am mistaken).
C:\WINDOWS\system32>pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0
-pthread -mms-bitfields -I/mingw64/include/gtk-3.0 -I/mingw64/include/cairo -I/m
ingw64/include -I/mingw64/include/pango-1.0 -I/mingw64/include/fribidi -I/mingw6
4/include -I/mingw64/include/atk-1.0 -I/mingw64/include/cairo -I/mingw64/include
/pixman-1 -I/mingw64/include -I/mingw64/include/freetype2 -I/mingw64/include -I/
mingw64/include/harfbuzz -I/mingw64/include -I/mingw64/include/libpng16 -I/mingw
64/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/mingw64/include -I/mingw64/lib/libffi-3.2.1/include
-I/mingw64/include/glib-2.0 -I/mingw64/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/mingw64/include
C:\WINDOWS\system32>pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0
-L/mingw64/lib -L/mingw64/lib/../lib -L/mingw64/lib -lgtk-3 -lgdk-3 -lz -lgdi32
-limm32 -lshell32 -lole32 -Wl,-luuid -lwinmm -ldwmapi -lsetupapi -lcfgmgr32 -lep
oxy -lopengl32 -lgdi32 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lm -lgdi32 -lpangoft2-1.0 -lm -lpangowi
n32-1.0 -lm -lusp10 -lgdi32 -lpango-1.0 -lm -lfribidi -lthai -ldatrie -latk-1.0
-lcairo-gobject -lcairo -lz -lpixman-1 -lm -pthread -lfontconfig -liconv -lexpat
-lfreetype -lbz2 -lharfbuzz -lm -lusp10 -lgdi32 -lrpcrt4 -lgraphite2 -lpng16 -l
z -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lm -lgio-2.0 -pthread -lintl -lshlwapi -ldnsapi -liphlpapi -
lws2_32 -lgmodule-2.0 -pthread -lintl -lz -lgobject-2.0 -pthread -lintl -lffi -l
glib-2.0 -lintl -lws2_32 -lole32 -lwinmm -lshlwapi -pthread -lm -lpcre
C:\WINDOWS\system32>gcc -o gtkTest C:\dev\test_gtk3.c | pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0
-pthread -mms-bitfields -I/mingw64/include/gtk-3.0 -I/mingw64/include/cairo -I/m
ingw64/include -I/mingw64/include/pango-1.0 -I/mingw64/include/fribidi -I/mingw6
4/include -I/mingw64/include/atk-1.0 -I/mingw64/include/cairo -I/mingw64/include
/pixman-1 -I/mingw64/include -I/mingw64/include/freetype2 -I/mingw64/include -I/
mingw64/include/harfbuzz -I/mingw64/include -I/mingw64/include/libpng16 -I/mingw
64/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/mingw64/include -I/mingw64/lib/libffi-3.2.1/include
-I/mingw64/include/glib-2.0 -I/mingw64/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/mingw64/include
-L/mingw64/lib -L/mingw64/lib/../lib -L/mingw64/lib -lgtk-3 -lgdk-3 -lz -lgdi32
-limm32 -lshell32 -lole32 -Wl,-luuid -lwinmm -ldwmapi -lsetupapi -lcfgmgr32 -lep
oxy -lopengl32 -lgdi32 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lm -lgdi32 -lpangoft2-1.0 -lm -lpangowi
n32-1.0 -lm -lusp10 -lgdi32 -lpango-1.0 -lm -lfribidi -lthai -ldatrie -latk-1.0
-lcairo-gobject -lcairo -lz -lpixman-1 -lm -pthread -lfontconfig -liconv -lexpat
-lfreetype -lbz2 -lharfbuzz -lm -lusp10 -lgdi32 -lrpcrt4 -lgraphite2 -lpng16 -l
z -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lm -lgio-2.0 -pthread -lintl -lshlwapi -ldnsapi -liphlpapi -
lws2_32 -lgmodule-2.0 -pthread -lintl -lz -lgobject-2.0 -pthread -lintl -lffi -l
glib-2.0 -lintl -lws2_32 -lole32 -lwinmm -lshlwapi -pthread -lm -lpcre
C:\dev\test_gtk3.c:1:10: fatal error: gtk/gtk.h: No such file or directory
1 | #include <gtk/gtk.h>
| ^~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
Has anyone here struggled with this for hours, like I have, and finally got to understand what the problem is.
Please share your solution. Thank you.
Using this Installing gtk and compiling using gcc under windows? helped me get past the errors.
I used the following suggestion.
"Instead of a batch file, you may find more convenient to create an
user environmental variable and store the flags in there, that way you
will be able to compile from within a normal command prompt."
So I created two new environment variables (e.g. GTK_FLAGS_VARS; GTK_LIBS_VARS), and pasted the outputs in the variable values. Then in path place %GTK_FLAGS_VARS%;%GTK_LIBS_VARS%
Afterward gcc -o gtkTest C:\dev\test_gtk3.c %GTK_FLAGS_VARS% %GTK_LIBS_VARS%
I'm creating a software in C using the SDL library and GTK+3. My first attempt with GTK+3 on a specific main.c and its Makefile works well, but when I try to add my GTK project to the other piece of code using my "real" Makefile, even if I added the same flags for GTK+3, I can't compile and get the gtk/gtk.h file no found error. I visited many threads about this error but I still can't make it work.
Here's my old Makefile, making things work:
CC=clang
CPPFLAGS= `pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0`
CFLAGS= -Wall -Wextra -std=c99 -O2
LDFLAGS=
LDLIBS= `pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0` `pkg-config gmodule-2.0 --libs`
SRC= main.c
OBJ= ${SRC:.c=.o}
all: main
main: ${OBJ} -lm
clean:
rm -f *~ *.o main
And here's the one I use for the project:
CC=clang
CPPFLAGS= `pkg-config --cflags sdl gtk+-3.0`
CFLAGS= -Wall -Wextra -Werror -std=c99 -O2 -pedantic
LDFLAGS=
LDLIBS= `pkg-config --libs sdl` `pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0` `pkg-config gmodule-2.0 --libs` -lgtk -lgdk -lglib -lX11 -lXext -lSDL -lSDL_image -lm
SRCDIR = src
OBJDIR = obj
BINDIR = bin
TARGET = main
SOURCES := $(wildcard $(SRCDIR)/*.c)
INCLUDES := $(wildcard $(SRCDIR)/*.h)
DEPENDS := $(wildcard $(OBJDIR)/*.d)
OBJECTS := $(SOURCES:$(SRCDIR)/%.c=$(OBJDIR)/%.o)
rm = rm -f
all: makedirs $(BINDIR)/$(TARGET)
$(BINDIR)/$(TARGET): $(OBJECTS)
#$(CC) $(OBJECTS) $(LDLIBS) -o $#
#echo "Linking complete!"
$(OBJECTS): $(OBJDIR)/%.o : $(SRCDIR)/%.c
#$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $#
#echo "[OK] Compiled "$<""
makedirs:
#mkdir -p $(OBJDIR)
#mkdir -p $(BINDIR)
#echo "[OK] Created directories : $(BINDIR) $(OBJDIR)"
[....] etc
And the error:
src/main.c:2:14: fatal error: 'gtk/gtk.h' file not found
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
Tanks for the attention :)
[EDIT]
~
▶ pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0
-lgtk-3 -lgdk-3 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lpango-1.0 -latk-1.0 -lcairo-gobject -lcairo -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lgio-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0
~
▶ pkg-config --cflags sdl gtk+-3.0
-D_GNU_SOURCE=1 -D_REENTRANT -pthread -I/usr/include/SDL -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/include/at-spi2-atk/2.0 -I/usr/include/at-spi-2.0 -I/usr/include/dbus-1.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dbus-1.0/include -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0/ -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/harfbuzz -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include
And the header of main.c:
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "neural.h"
As Y. Verzun said, I forgot to add the CPPFLAGS rule, but not only to the OBJECTS:
$(BINDIR)/$(TARGET): $(OBJECTS)
#$(CC) $(OBJECTS) $(LDLIBS) $(CPPFLAGS) -o $#
#echo "Linking complete!"
$(OBJECTS): $(OBJDIR)/%.o : $(SRCDIR)/%.c
#$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $< -o $#
#echo "[OK] Compiled "$<""
here's the code working, notice both of the $(CPPFLAGS) added.
Thanks a lot !
You simply forgot to add CPPFLAGS to the rule $(OBJECTS)
It should look like:
$(OBJECTS): $(OBJDIR)/%.o :
$(SRCDIR)/%.c#$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $< -o $#
#echo "[OK] Compiled "$<""
Trying to compile a C GTK gui + Prolog file using GPLC. I read that I can pass multiple flags to the gcc compiler from GPLC by using-C 'gcc flags here'
Ok so I can comiple my GUI alone with
gcc foo.c `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0` -o $(NAME)
However this will not work in GPLC because I would have
'`pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0`'
This means I won't get the response from pkg-config as I am seeking because it is inside a "string". How can I fix that?
Lastly if I do something ugly like:
gplc -c foo1.c -C '-I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0/ -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/harfbuzz -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -lgtk-x11-2.0 -lgdk-x11-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -latk-1.0 -lcairo -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangoft2-1.0 -lpango-1.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lfontconfig -lfreetype'
gplc -c foo2.pl
gplc foo1.o foo2.o -o gyges
I get compilation failure during linking due to all references to GTK functions being undefined. why?
Use shell in a Makefile:
GTK_FLAGS = $(shell pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0)
gplc -c foo1.c -C $(GTK_FLAGS)
EDIT:
CC = gplc
GTK_CFLAGS = $(shell pkg-config --cflags gtk+-2.0)
GTK_LIBS = $(shell pkg-config --libs gtk+-2.0)
OBJECTS = foo1.o foo2.o
all: gyges
foo1.o: foo1.c
$(CC) -c foo1.c -o foo1.o $(GTK_CFLAGS)
foo2.o: foo2.pl
$(CC) -c foo2.pl -o foo2.o
gyges: $(OBJECTS)
$(CC) $(OBJECTS) -o gyges $(GTK_LIBS)
Answer
To solve the first problem I just needed to use shell inside a Makefile as Alter Mann pointed out.
The second problem was occurring because GPLC was not seeing the gtk libs during linking. This is because I was using the -C flag to pass args to the gcc compiler during compilation AND linking, this is incorrect, the -L flag is the flag that must be used to pass args to gcc during linking according to the gplc man.
So my final working MAKE looks likes this:
CC = gplc
GTK_CFLAGS = $(shell pkg-config --cflags gtk+-2.0)
GTK_LIBS = $(shell pkg-config --libs gtk+-2.0)
OBJECTS = foo1.o foo2.o
all: name
foo1.o:
$(CC) -c foo1.c -o foo1.o -C '$(GTK_CFLAGS)'
foo2.o:
$(CC) -c foo2.pl -o foo2.o
name: $(OBJECTS)
$(CC) $(OBJECTS) -o name -L '$(GTK_LIBS)'
rm *.o
If you execute vim --version, it will show some information about how it was compiled. On my system, it looks like this:
Compilation: gcc -c -I. -Iproto -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DFEAT_GUI_GTK -pthread -I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/libdrm -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/libpng16 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/libpng16 -I/usr/include/harfbuzz -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/libpng16 -I/usr/include/harfbuzz -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O2 -pipe -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=1
Linking: gcc -L. -Wl,-O1,--sort-common,--as-needed,-z,relro -fstack-protector -rdynamic -Wl,-export-dynamic -Wl,-E -Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib/perl5/core_perl/CORE -Wl,-O1,--sort-common,--as-needed,-z,relro -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,--as-needed -o vim -lgtk-x11-2.0 -lgdk-x11-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -latk-1.0 -lcairo -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangoft2-1.0 -lpango-1.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lfontconfig -lfreetype -lSM -lICE -lXt -lX11 -lXdmcp -lSM -lICE -lm -lncurses -lelf -lnsl -lacl -lattr -lgpm -ldl -L/usr/lib -llua -Wl,-E -Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib/perl5/core_perl/CORE -Wl,-O1,--sort-common,--as-needed,-z,relro -fstack-protector -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib/perl5/core_perl/CORE -lperl -lnsl -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc -L/usr/lib/python2.7/config -lpython2.7 -lpthread -ldl -lutil -lm -Xlinker -export-dynamic -lruby -lpthread -lgmp -ldl -lcrypt -lm -L/usr/lib
```
I want to add similar information to the version output of an application that is built using CMake.
I know that there are variables like CMAKE_C_FLAGS, but it depends on other variables if these are actually used. For example, CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE is used if CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release is specified. Thus it might be error-prone to try to piece this information together from individual CMake variables, and in the end you can't be sure that this is really what CMake uses to compile your sources.
Is there a way to get the actual command CMake uses to compile a source file, similar to the output from vim --version above?
moreover, CMAKE_C_FLAGS could vary for different source files, directories and targets… so your output can be far from accurate…
and using variables like CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE is pretty stable actually and may give you what you want:
string(TOUPPER "${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" _type_upcase)
# Yeah! CMake can do double expand!
set(_cflags "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_${_type_upcase}}")
little problem is: make sure CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE is set and valid before get the value!
advanced way:
one may use CMAKE_<lang>_COMPILE_OBJECT variable to get a "compile template". then use directory properties to collect COMPILE_DEFINITIONS and replace a pattern <DEFINES> in the template. then collect INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES and other options depending on build type.
You may look here for inspiration.
I've a C GUI application (in GTK+2.0) that I used to link as follows :
gcc -O2 -std=gnu99 -pipe -Wall -lm `pkg-congig gtk+-2.0 `pkg-config --libs gtk+-2.0` -o exec a.o b.o c.o
which eventually converted into :
gcc -O2 -std=gnu99 -pipe -Wall -lm -pthread -I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0/ -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64 linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -lgtk-x11-2.0 -lgdk-x11-2.0 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangoft2-1.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo -lpango-1.0 -lfreetype -lfontconfig -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lcairo -lgtk-x11-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -o exec a.o b.o c.o
It was until Ubuntu 12.04.
When I tried to link the files in the same way in Ubuntu 12.04 as well, it showed the following error :
/usr/bin/ld: b.o: undefined reference to symbol 'gdk_color_parse'
/usr/bin/ld: note: 'gdk_color_parse' is defined in DSO /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.6/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/libgdk-x11-2.0.so so try adding it to the linker command line
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.6/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/libgdk-x11-2.0.so: could not read symbols: Invalid operation
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
If anyone has any idea about this please share.
With newer versions of GCC/binutils, linker flags have to come last because the linker looks ahead only for undefined symbols. Try
gcc -O2 -std=gnu99 -pipe -Wall a.o b.o c.o -lm `pkg-config --libs gtk+-2.0` -o exec
instead.