Microchip PIC24FJ SPI writes correctly but only reads zeros - c

I have a PIC24FJ256GA702 communicating with a AD5724RBREZ quad DAC with a SPI link.
The DAC works fine, writing is no problem, but I am stuck on reading back the control register from it.
I get the correct waveform on the PIC pin that I am expecting, and the read routine runs, but it always returns zeros. The waveform is clearly not zero- the waveform on the scope is correct for the 4 channels and the internal reference being enabled.
Scope view of waveforms - blue = clock, yellow = data input from DAC at PIC pin
(The excessive ringing on the scope image is probably caused by a long distance ground connection- in practice these chips are about 25mm apart.)
I thought that the input pin was configured as an analogue, but it was correctly a digital input.
I connected it to a counter based on Timer1, and that counter does count if I try to read the DAC. This suggests that the PPS is working, the pin is not bust, and the the input signal is clean enough to use.
I think it may be a problem with the code or the decode timing of the SPI module, but as shown in the image the data is stable during the clock cycle so I cannot see what is wrong.
I have searched the forums, and it seems most with this problem trace it to analogue functions being enabled but that is not the case here.
Would anyone like to suggest something else to try, or post some working SPI read code if my code is not looking correct?
The code follows-
void AOUT_init(void)
{
//assume PPS is unlocked (it is on reset) - see note below
//setup SPI1 itself
SPI1CON1L = 0x0160; //TX work read 0
//SPI1CON1L = 0x0060; //TX not work
//SPI1CON1L = 0x0120; //TX work, read 0
//SPI1CON1L = 0x0020; //not tried
SPI1CON1H = 0x3000;
SPI1CON2L = 0x0017; //word length (17 hex = 24 bits)
//BRG
SPI1BRGL = 0x0000; //default = no divisor
//PPS - assume unlocked at this point
ANSBbits.ANSB13 = 0;
TRISBbits.TRISB13 = TRIS_INPUT;
//##########################################################################
RPINR20bits.SDI1R = 13; //set SDI1 data input to PIC to RB13
//##########################################################################
TRISBbits.TRISB15 = TRIS_OUTPUT;
RPOR7bits.RP15R = 8; //RB15 to SDI1 clock out from PIC
TRISBbits.TRISB14 = TRIS_OUTPUT;
RPOR7bits.RP14R = 7; //RB14 to SDI1 data out from PIC
//AD5724R has additional lines - not all used in practice
//setup and set initial level here
//AOUT-/LDAC
TRISBbits.TRISB6 = TRIS_OUTPUT;
LATBbits.LATB6 = 1;
//AOUT-/SYNC
TRISBbits.TRISB7 = TRIS_OUTPUT;
LATBbits.LATB7 = 1;
//AOUT-/CLR
TRISBbits.TRISB12 = TRIS_OUTPUT;
LATBbits.LATB12 = 1;
//turn SPI on
SPI1CON1Lbits.SPIEN = 1;
SPI1CON1Lbits.MSTEN = 1; //included in definition above
//now setup the AD chip
//output range set
AOUT_TX(0x0C00,0x0100); //all channels to 10V
//control
AOUT_TX(0x1900,0x0500);
//power control - enable DACs
AOUT_TX(0x1000,0x1F00);
}
The comms routine below is included for completeness- it just controls the other DAC lines. The /SYNC line is doing a chip select function.
static void AOUT_Comms(bool bSync, bool bLDAC, bool bClr)
{
//AOUT-/LDAC
LATBbits.LATB6 = bLDAC;
//AOUT-/SYNC
LATBbits.LATB7 = bSync;
//AOUT-/CLR
LATBbits.LATB12 = bClr;
}
This is write routine which works fine.
void AOUT_TX(uint16_t dataH, uint16_t dataL)
{
//AOUT uses 24 bit data
//this routine handles /SYNC line
//relies on AD chip having much faster response than chip cycle time
//AD chip limits at about 38MHz so much quicker than PIC.
AOUT_Comms(0,1,1);
SPI1BUFL = dataL;
SPI1BUFH = dataH;
while(SPI1STATLbits.SPIBUSY) //wait until sent
{
;
}
AOUT_Comms(1,1,1);
//
}
This is the read routine, which uses the routines above.
void AOUT_read_control(uint16_t ReadH, uint16_t ReadL)
{
uint16_t temp;
//to read, transmit the register to be read, then transmit a dummy command "NOP" to clock the data out.
//send register
AOUT_TX(0x9000,0x0000);
//read out- this is similar to write but reads the received buffer at the end.
//clear buffer
while (SPI1STATLbits.SPIRBF)
{
temp = SPI1BUFL;
temp = SPI1BUFH;
}
AOUT_Comms(0,1,1);
SPI1BUFL = 0;
SPI1BUFH = 0x1800; //nop operation via control register
while(SPI1STATLbits.SPIBUSY) //wait until sent
{
;
}
while (!SPI1STATLbits.SPIRBF)
{
; //hold until something received
}
ReadH = SPI1BUFH;
ReadL = SPI1BUFL; //these read zero
AOUT_Comms(1,1,1);
//
//dummy so can check counter also connected to same pin
temp = TMR1;
temp = TMR1;
}
Update-
I checked the SPI read decode by sending the received words directly to a display as suggested by the comments. I get 0000 for both words.
Also as suggested I connected a logic analyser at the PIC pins, and it decodes both read and write correctly.Logic Analyser view- Ch1/Blue/MOSI writing 0x180000, Ch2/Green/MISP reading 0x00001F, both correct

Related

PIC16LF1824 SPI Slave Interface

I am trying to receive multiple bytes over SPI. The aim is when the master starts the SPI transfer, slave MCU is interrupted, and it should read the data via SPI and store it in an array, which will be then used by my application for other operations such as determining the device ID and the contents of the packet.
void interrupt __high_priority my_isr_high(void) {
if (PIR1bits.SSP1IF) { // Interrupt from SPI?
rx[buffer_pointer] = SSP1BUF; // Get data from MSSP and store in RX buffer
buffer_pointer++; // Next data
if (buffer_pointer < FRAME_SIZE) // Ended?
SSP1BUF = tx[buffer_pointer]; // Send next byte to SPI
else
buffer_pointer = FRAME_SIZE;
PIR1bits.SSP1IF = 0; // Clear interrupt flag
}
}
However, I am not receiving the 3 bytes correctly. I am sending the following from the master:
dataPacket[0] = 0x43; // Decimal 67
dataPacket[1] = 0x42; //66
dataPacket[2] = 0x41; //65
While I am receiving as follows from the ISR():
rx[0]: 67
rx[1]: 65
rx[2]: 67
Am I missing something or handling the SPI incorrectly?
This will really solve the issue that I am stuck with and maybe will also help others who what to rx multiple bytes.
I am sharing my codes here so that it helps to find the solution quickly. Also included is a .zip file for compiling. Check the Codes here
So far the above code did not work for me properly. Therefore, after a little bit of digging online and other forums I found the following way to read multiple bytes:
uint8_t SPI_ExchangeHandler(uint8_t byte){
static uint8_t i = 0;
for(i=0; i<3; i++){
SSP1BUF =0x00;
while(!SSP1STATbits.BF);
rx_buff[i]=SSP1BUF;
}
State = SEND;
return byte;
}
Although the above codes give me what expected (i.e, correct data packets in the ordered manner), however, it misses two SPI interrupts every time and then displays/captures the correct data. Hence, two sets of data are always lost and then the third one is received correctly.
Is something wrongly configured or missing?
Finally, I managed to receive all the 3 bytes correctly. Sharing the codes below:
My interrupt service routine that triggers the MCU when master SPI has data to send.
void interrupt INTERRUPT_InterruptManager (void){
if(PIE1bits.SSP1IE == 1 && PIR1bits.SSP1IF == 1)
{
SPI_ISR();
}
}
The SPI_ISR code was autogenerated by the MCC GUI.
void SPI_ISR(void)
{
SSP1BUF = SPI_xchgHandler(SSP1BUF);
}
void SPI_setExchangeHandler(uint8_t (* InterruptHandler)(uint8_t))
{
SPI_xchgHandler = InterruptHandler;
}
Then I handle the SPI via a custom function using SPI_setExchangeHandler() as follows:
#define FRAME_SIZE 10 // Frame fixed size
volatile static uint8_t rx_buff[FRAME_SIZE]; //RX buffer
uint8_t SPI_ExchangeHandler(uint8_t byte)
{
static uint8_t i = 0;
rx_buff[i]=SSP1BUF;
i++;
if(i <= 2){
rx_buff[i]=SSP1BUF;
SSP1BUF = 0x00;
while(!SSP1STATbits.BF){};
i++;
}
else{
i = 2;
}
PIR1bits.SSP1IF = 0; // Clear the SPI interrupt flag
State = SEND;
return byte;
}
And I print out the values as follows for debugging:
printf("CMD:%d \n", rx_buff[0]);
printf("BUF1: %d \n", rx_buff[1]);
printf("BUF2: %d \n\n", rx_buff[2]);
However, I am pretty sure this is not the best/optimized way to handle multiple bytes from SPI, therefore, if there is an alternative, share...

STM8 interrupt serial receive

I am new to STM8, and trying to use a STM8S103F3, using IAR Embedded Workbench.
Using C, I like to use the registers directly.
I need serial on 14400 baud, 8N2, and getting the UART transmit is easy, as there are numerous good tutorials and examples on the net.
Then the need is to have the UART receive on interrupt, nothing else will do.
That is the problem.
According to iostm8s103f3.h (IAR) there are 5 interrupts on 0x14 vector
UART1_R_IDLE, UART1_R_LBDF, UART1_R_OR, UART1_R_PE, UART1_R_RXNE
According to Silverlight Developer: Registers on the STM8,
Vector 19 (0x13) = UART_RX
According to ST Microelectronics STM8S.h
#define UART1_BaseAddress 0x5230
#define UART1_SR_RXNE ((u8)0x20) /*!< Read Data Register Not Empty mask */
#if defined(STM8S208) ||defined(STM8S207) ||defined(STM8S103) ||defined(STM8S903)
#define UART1 ((UART1_TypeDef *) UART1_BaseAddress)
#endif /* (STM8S208) ||(STM8S207) || (STM8S103) || (STM8S903) */
According to STM8S Reference manual RM0016
The RXNE flag (Rx buffer not empty) is set on the last sampling clock edge,
when the data is transferred from the shift register to the Rx buffer.
It indicates that a data is ready to be read from the SPI_DR register.
Rx buffer not empty (RXNE)
When set, this flag indicates that there is a valid received data in the Rx buffer.
This flag is reset when SPI_DR is read.
Then I wrote:
#pragma vector = UART1_R_RXNE_vector //as iostm8s103f3 is used, that means 0x14
__interrupt void UART1_IRQHandler(void)
{ unsigned character recd;
recd = UART1_SR;
if(1 == UART1_SR_RXNE) recd = UART1_DR;
etc.
No good, I continually get interrupts, UART1_SR_RXNE is set, but UART1_DR
is empty, and no UART receive has happened. I have disabled all other interrupts
I can see that can vector to this, and still no good.
The SPI also sets this flag, presumably the the UART and SPI cannot be used
together.
I sorely need to get this serial receive interrupt going. Please help.
Thank you
The problem was one bit incorrectly set in the UART1 setup.
The complete setup for the UART1 in the STM8S103F3 is now(IAR):
void InitialiseUART()
{
unsigned char tmp = UART1_SR;
tmp = UART1_DR;
// Reset the UART registers to the reset values.
UART1_CR1 = 0;
UART1_CR2 = 0;
UART1_CR4 = 0;
UART1_CR3 = 0;
UART1_CR5 = 0;
UART1_GTR = 0;
UART1_PSCR = 0;
// Set up the port to 14400,n,8,2.
UART1_CR1_M = 0; // 8 Data bits.
UART1_CR1_PCEN = 0; // Disable parity.
UART1_CR3 = 0x20; // 2 stop bits
UART1_BRR2 = 0x07; // Set the baud rate registers to 14400
UART1_BRR1 = 0x45; // based upon a 16 MHz system clock.
// Disable the transmitter and receiver.
UART1_CR2_TEN = 0; // Disable transmit.
UART1_CR2_REN = 0; // Disable receive.
// Set the clock polarity, clock phase and last bit clock pulse.
UART1_CR3_CPOL = 0;
UART1_CR3_CPHA = 0;
UART1_CR3_LBCL = 0;
// Set the Receive Interrupt RM0016 p358,362
UART1_CR2_TIEN = 0; // Transmitter interrupt enable
UART1_CR2_TCIEN = 0; // Transmission complete interrupt enable
UART1_CR2_RIEN = 1; // Receiver interrupt enable
UART1_CR2_ILIEN = 0; // IDLE Line interrupt enable
// Turn on the UART transmit, receive and the UART clock.
UART1_CR2_TEN = 1;
UART1_CR2_REN = 1;
UART1_CR1_PIEN = 0;
UART1_CR4_LBDIEN = 0;
}
//-----------------------------
#pragma vector = UART1_R_RXNE_vector
__interrupt void UART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
byte recd;
recd = UART1_DR;
//send the byte to circular buffer;
}
You forget to add global interrupt flag
asm("rim") ; //Enable global interrupt
It happens at non isolated connections whenever you connect your board's ground with other source's ground (USB<->TTL converter connected to PC etc.), In this case microcontroller is getting noise due to high value SMPS's Y capacitor etc.
Simply connect your RX and TX line's via 1K resistor and put 1nF (can be deceased for high speed) capacitors on these lines and to ground (micro controller side) to suppress noises.

pic32 only receives 1 byte in spi

I'm struggling with, probably, a very simple problem.
I have a Cypress CY8 controller acting as SPI master, which should communicate with a PIC32mx in slave mode to exchange data packets.
However i cannot even fix simple transmission of multiple bytes from the master to the slave. I've set up the cypress to transmit a char of increasing value (0-255) with a pause (and slave select toggle) in between. The pic should read the incoming byte and then print it over uart to my pc (the uart connection works).
But the pic only prints the first character it receives continuously instead of it being updated.
If i check my logic sniffer, the cypress does send incrementing values and the pic relays them back over the MISO line (looks like the shift buffer isn't cleared).
What could this be?
The cypress without the pic attached gives proper output:
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/3264324/Schermafdruk%202015-07-28%2015.43.28.png
With the pic attached it relays the data over MISO:
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/3264324/Schermafdruk%202015-07-28%2015.43.45.png
And this is my (now) extremely basic code to test it:
TRISBbits.TRISB2 = 1; // make Ra2 pin input (SDI)
TRISBbits.TRISB5 = 0; // make Ra2 pin output (SDO)
TRISBbits.TRISB15 = 1; //make RB14 output (SCK)
ANSELA = 0; // all ports digital
ANSELB = 0; // all ports digital
SYSKEY = 0x00000000;
SYSKEY = 0xAA996655;
SYSKEY = 0x556699AA;
CFGCONbits.IOLOCK=0; // unlock configuration
CFGCONbits.PMDLOCK=0;
SDI2R = 0b0100; //SDI2 on pin RB2
SS2R = 0b0011; //SS2 on pin rb10
RPB5R = 0b0100; //SDO2 on pin RB5
// SCLK is connected to pin RB14 (SCK) by default
SYSKEY = 0x00000000;
SPI2CON = 0; // Stops and resets the SPI1.
rData=SPI2BUF; // clears the receive buffer
SPI2BRG=207; // use FPB/4 clock frequency <-- not important in slave mode right?
SPI2STATCLR=0x40; // clear the Overflo
SPI2CON=0x8180;
unsigned char t;
while(1){
t = SpiChnReadC(2);
//t = SPI2BUF; <== i've tried this also
sendData(t); <== uart routine
}
As i do receive a character and the spi data is relayed back to the cypress constantly i think something goed wrong with reading/clearing the spi data structure in the PIC. But i can't figure out why.
As i read in the datasheet, reading from SPI2BUFF gives me the received data, and clears the read flags so new data can be received, but it looks like that doesn't happen...
Can someone shine a light on this for me?
Thanks in advance
Timberleek
You should try making you SPI handler ISR driven to keep you from constantly polling, can also help the debugging since you'll only get notifications when the SPI is actually transacting.
NOTE: I'm bringing this from my FreeRTOS impl, so my ISR definition is not XC32 exactly...
/* Open SPI */
SPI1CON = 0;
spi_flags = SPICON_MODE32 | SPICON_ON;
SpiChnOpen(1,spi_flags,BRG_VAL);
SpiChnGetRov(1,TRUE);
mSPI1ClearAllIntFlags();
mSPI1SetIntPriority(priority + 1);
mSPI1SetIntSubPriority(0);
mSPI1RXIntEnable(1);
void vSPI1InterruptHandler(void)
{
unsigned long data;
if (IFS0bits.SPI1EIF == 1)
{
mSPI1EClearIntFlag();
}
if (IFS0bits.SPI1RXIF == 1)
{
data = SPI1BUF;
//sendData(data);
}
mSPI1RXClearIntFlag();
}

UART DMA for varying sized arrays

Using MPLAB X 1.70 with a dsPIC33FJ128GP802 microcontroller.
I've got an application which is collecting data from two sensors at different sampling rates (one at 50Hz, the other at 1000Hz), both sensor packets are also different sizes (one is 5 bytes, the other is 21 bytes). Up until now I've used manual UART transmision as seen below:
void UART_send(char *txbuf, char size) {
// Loop variable.
char i;
// Loop through the size of the buffer until all data is sent. The while
// loop inside checks for the buffer to be clear.
for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
while (U1STAbits.UTXBF);
U1TXREG = *txbuf++;
}
}
The varying sized arrays (5 or 21 bytes) were sent to this function, with their size, and a simple for loop looped through each byte and outputted it through the UART tx register U1TXREG.
Now, I want to implement DMA to relieve some pressure on the system when transmitting the large amount of data. I've used DMA for my UART receive and ADC, but having trouble with transmit. I've tried both ping pong mode on and off, and one-shot and continuous mode, but whenever it comes to sending the 21 byte packet it messes up with strange values and zero value padding.
I'm initialising the DMA as seen below.
void UART_TX_DMA_init() {
DMA2CONbits.SIZE = 0; // 0: word; 1: byte
DMA2CONbits.DIR = 1; // 0: uart to device; 1: device to uart
DMA2CONbits.AMODE = 0b00;
DMA2CONbits.MODE = 1; // 0: contin, no ping pong; 1: oneshot, no ping pong; 2: contin, ping pong; 3: oneshot, ping pong.
DMA2PAD = (volatile unsigned int) &U1TXREG;
DMA2REQ = 12; // Select UART1 Transmitter
IFS1bits.DMA2IF = 0; // Clear DMA Interrupt Flag
IEC1bits.DMA2IE = 1; // Enable DMA interrupt
}
The DMA interrupt I'm just clearing the flag. To build the DMA arrays I've got the following function:
char TXBufferADC[5] __attribute__((space(dma)));
char TXBufferIMU[21] __attribute__((space(dma)));
void UART_send(char *txbuf, char size) {
// Loop variable.
int i;
DMA2CNT = size - 1; // x DMA requests
if (size == ADCPACKETSIZE) {
DMA2STA = __builtin_dmaoffset(TXBufferADC);
for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
TXBufferADC[i] = *txbuf++;
}
} else if (size == IMUPACKETSIZE) {
DMA2STA = __builtin_dmaoffset(TXBufferIMU);
for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
TXBufferIMU[i] = *txbuf++;
}
} else {
NOTIFICATIONLED ^= 1;
}
DMA2CONbits.CHEN = 1; // Re-enable DMA2 Channel
DMA2REQbits.FORCE = 1; // Manual mode: Kick-start the first transfer
}
This example is with ping pong turned off. I'm using the same DMA2STA register but changing the array depending on which packet type I have. I'm determining the packet type from the data to be sent, changing the DMA bytes to be sent (DMA2CNT), building the array same as before with a for loop, then forcing the first transfer along with re-enabling the channel.
It takes much longer to process the data for the large data packet and I'm starting to think the DMA is missing these packets and sending null/weird packets in its place. It seems to be polling before I build the buffer and force the first transfer. Perhaps the force isn't necessary for every poll; I don't know...
Any help would be great.
After a few days of working on this I think I've got it.
The main issue I experienced was that the DMA interrupt was being polled faster than previous transmission, therefore I was only getting segments of packages before the next package overwrote the previous. This was solved with simply waiting for the end of UART transmission with:
while (!U1STAbits.TRMT);
I managed to avoid the redundancy of recreating a new DMA with the package data by simply making the original data array the one recognised by the DMA.
In the end the process was pretty minimal, the function called every time a package was created is:
void sendData() {
// Check that last transmission has completed.
while (!U1STAbits.TRMT);
DMA2CNT = bufferSize - 1;
DMA2STA = __builtin_dmaoffset(data);
DMA2CONbits.CHEN = 1; // Re-enable DMA0 Channel
DMA2REQbits.FORCE = 1; // Manual mode: Kick-start the first transfer
}
Regardless of what the size of the package, the DMA changes the amount it sends using the DMA2CNT register, then it's simply re-enabling the DMA and forcing the first bit.
Setting up the DMA was:
DMA2CONbits.SIZE = 1;
DMA2CONbits.DIR = 1;
DMA2CONbits.AMODE = 0b00;
DMA2CONbits.MODE = 1;
DMA2PAD = (volatile unsigned int) &U1TXREG;
DMA2REQ = 12; // Select UART1 Transmitter
IFS1bits.DMA2IF = 0; // Clear DMA Interrupt Flag
IEC1bits.DMA2IE = 1; // Enable DMA interrupt
Which is one-shot, no ping-pong, byte transfer, and all the correct parameters for UART1 TX.
Hope this helps someone in the future, the general principle can be applied to most PIC microcontrollers.

DMA interrupt for SPI

I'm trying to recreate a project of writing to an SD card (using FatFS) for a dsPIC33FJ128GP802 microcontroller.
Currently to collect the date from the SPI I have a do/while that loops 512 times and writes a dummy value to the SPI buffer, wait for the SPI flag, then read the SPI value, like so:
int c = 512;
do {
SPI1BUF = 0xFF;
while (!_SPIRBF);
*p++ = SPI1BUF;
} while (--c);
I'm trying to recreate this using the DMA intterupts but it's not working like I had hoped. I'm using one DMA channel, SPI is in 8 bit mode for the time being, so DMA is in byte mode, it's also in 'null write' mode, and continuous without ping pong. My buffers are only one member arrays and the DMA is matched.
DMA2CONbits.CHEN = 0; //Disable DMA
DMA2CONbits.SIZE = 1; //Receive bytes (8 bits)
DMA2CONbits.DIR = 0; //Receive from SPI to DMA
DMA2CONbits.HALF = 0; //Receive full blocks
DMA2CONbits.NULLW = 1; //null write mode on
DMA2CONbits.AMODE = 0; //Register indirect with post-increment
DMA2CONbits.MODE = 0; //continuous mode without ping-pong
DMA2REQbits.IRQSEL = 10; //Transfer done (SPI)
DMA2STA = __builtin_dmaoffset(SPIBuffA); //receive buffer
DMA2PAD = (volatile unsigned int) &SPI1BUF;
DMA2CNT = 0; //transfer count = 1
IFS1bits.DMA2IF = 0; //Clear DMA interrupt
IEC1bits.DMA2IE = 1; //Enable DMA interrupt
From what I understand from the null write mode, the DMA will write a null value every time a read is performed. However, the DMA wont start until an initial write is performed by the CPU, so I've used the manual/force method to start the DMA.
DMA1CONbits.CHEN = 1; //Enable DMA
DMA1REQbits.FORCE = 1; //Manual write
The interrupt will now start, and runs without error. However the code later shows that the collection was incorrect.
My interrupt is simple in that all I'm doing is placing the collected data (which I assume is placed in my DMAs buffer as allocated above) into a pointer which is used throughout my program.
void __attribute__((interrupt, no_auto_psv)) _DMA2Interrupt(void) {
if (RxDmaBuffer == 513) {
DMA2CONbits.CHEN = 0;
rxFlag = 1;
} else {
buffer[RxDmaBuffer] = SPI1BUF;
RxDmaBuffer++;
}
IFS1bits.DMA2IF = 0; // Clear the DMA0 Interrupt Flag
}
When the interrupt has run 512 times, I stop the DMA and throw a flag.
What am I missing? How is this not the same as the non-DMA method? Is it perhaps the lack of the while loop which waits for the completion of the SPI transmission (while (!_SPIRBF);). Unfortunately with the null write mode automatically sending and receiving the SPI data I can't manually put any sort of wait in.
I've also tried using two DMA channels, one to write and one to read, but this also didn't work (plus I need that channel later for when I come to proper writing to the SD card).
Any help would be great!

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