If I try to print out "Ä" for example I get this character instead: õ. How do I fix this?
Here is my code:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main (){
char name[20];
printf("Enter first name: ");
scanf("%s", name);
if(strcmp(name, "Carl") == 0){
printf("Carl är bra!");
}
else{
printf("Kung!");
}
return 0;
}
(By the way I'm using code::blocks)
On Windows, set the console mode to UTF16 and use wprintf with a wide string literal instead of printf.
#include <io.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main() {
_setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_U16TEXT); // this is windows specific
wprintf(L"Carl är bra!");
return 0;
}
However, as I mentioned in the comments about preserving unicode chars in source. Better to just inline unicode chars with \uNNNN escape sequences. With print statements like the following.
wprintf(L"Carl \u00e4r bra!"); //0x00E4 is 'ä'
Related
I want to use unicode blocks in my C program to display them in the console like ▇, ░ and so on. However, whenever I try to use the escape sequence for unicode characters, I only get weird letters like:
printf("/u259A"); //259A is the unicode for ▚
Output: ÔûÜ
I looked up how to include unicode charactes then tried to use wchar_t:
#include <locale.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
wchar_t c = "\u259A";
printf("%c",c);
return 0;
}
but that only gave me ☺ as the output instead of ▚. Removing setlocale() would give me a blank output. I dont know what do to from this point on. The only thing I saw was using printf("\xB2"); which gave you ▓. But I dont understand where the B2 comes from or what it stands for.
So what worked for me was the following:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <io.h>
int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
_setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_U16TEXT);
wprintf(L"\x2590 \x2554 \x258c \x2592"); //Output : ▐ ╔ ▌ ▒
return 0;
}
the function _setmode() is apparently for setting the console on u16 text encoding. wprintf() allows you to print wide characters (unicode aswell). The L"" before the string indicates to the compiler, that the following string is a unicode string. Thanks to everyone for their time and answers!
I can't seem to get termcap's "cl" command to work, but the terminal escape code does.
For example:
#include <termcap.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
tputs(tgetstr("cl", NULL), 1, putchar);
}
This doesn't change the terminal. But when I run:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("\e[2J");
}
or if I call echo `tput cl`
The terminal is cleared.
Why does this happen? Shouldn't termcap give that same escape code?
EDIT: Fixed writing characters
EDIT2: It's because i didn't call tgetent() before calling tgetstr(). Thanks guys!
Before interrogating with tgetstr(), you need to find the description of the user's terminal with tgetent():
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h> // getenv
#include <termcap.h> // tgetent tgetstr
int main(void)
{
char buf[1024];
char *str;
tgetent(buf, getenv("TERM"));
str = tgetstr("cl", NULL);
fputs(str, stdout);
return 0;
}
Compile with -ltermcap
I have seen a few questions on how to print these characters but none of the methods appear to be working. I suspect it is because I making a Win32 console application based on some of the comments I read.
Here is an example of what I have tried in my code currently. It only prints question mark boxes, or if I change it around I get question marks or random symbols.
I have tried defining these at the top.
#define SPADE '\x06'
#define CLUB '\x05'
#define HEART '\x03'
#define DIAMOND '\x04'
inside function, these are some of the things I've tried. I have left S,D,H,C in case I can't figure it out.
printf("%lc", SPADE);
//printf("♠");
//printf("S");
printf("%lc", HEART);
//printf("♥");
//printf("H");
printf("%lc", DIAMOND);
//printf("♦");
//printf("D");
printf("%lc", CLUB);
//printf("♣");
//printf("C");
UTF-16 wchar_t and wide characters functions are needed in Windows.
#include <windows.h>
int main()
{
DWORD n;
HANDLE hout = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
const wchar_t *buf = L"♠♥♦♣\n";
WriteConsoleW(hout, buf, wcslen(buf), &n, 0);
return 0;
}
The following code will compile with Visual Studio:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <io.h> //for _setmode
#include <fcntl.h> //for _O_U16TEXT
int main()
{
_setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_U16TEXT);
wprintf(L"♠♥♦♣\n");
return 0;
}
After setting the mode to UTF-16, you have to call _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_TEXT) if you wish to use printf again.
I'm trying to print this medium shade unicode box in C: ▒
(I'm doing the exercises in K&R and then got sidetracked on the one about making a histogram...). I know my unix term (Mac OSX) can display the box because I saved a text file with the box, and used cat textfilewithblock and it printed the block.
So far I initially tried:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
int main(){
wprintf(L"▒\n");
return 0;
}
and nothing printed
iMac-2$ ./a.out
iMac-2:clang vik$
I did a search and found this: unicode hello world for C?
And it seems like I still have to set a locale (even though the executing environment in utf8? I'm still trying to figure out why this step is necessary) But anyway, it works! (after a bit of a struggle finally realizing that the proper string was en_US.UTF-8 rather than en_US.utf8 which I had read somewhere...)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <locale.h>
int main(){
setlocale (LC_ALL, "en_US.UTF-8");
wprintf(L"▒\n");
return 0;
}
Output is as follows:
iMac-2$ ./a.out
▒
iMac-2$
But when I try the following code...putting in the UTF-8 hex (which I got from here: http://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=9472&unicodeinhtml=dec ) which is 0xe29692 for the box rather than pasting the box in itself, it doesn't work again.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <locale.h>
int main(){
setlocale (LC_ALL, "en_US.UTF-8");
wchar_t box = 0xe29692;
wprintf(L"%lc\n", box);
return 0;
}
I'm clearly missing something but can't quite figure out what it is.
The unicode value of the MEDIUM SHADE code point is not 0xe29692, it is 0x2592. <E2><96><92> is the 3 byte encoding for this code point in UTF-8.
You can print this thing either using the wide char APIs:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <locale.h>
int main(void) {
setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.UTF-8");
wchar_t box = 0x2592;
wprintf(L"%lc\n", box); // or simply printf("%lc\n", box);
return 0;
}
Or simply by printing the UTF-8 encoding directly:
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
printf("\xE2\x96\x92\n");
return 0;
}
Or if your text editor encodes the source file in UTF-8:
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
printf("▒\n");
return 0;
}
But be aware that this will not work: putchar('▒');
Also for full unicode support and a few more goodies, I recommend using iTerm2 on MacOS.
The box character is U+2592, which translates to 0xE2 0x96 0x92 in UTF-8. This adaptation of your third program mostly works for me:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <locale.h>
int main(void)
{
setlocale (LC_ALL, "en_US.UTF-8");
wchar_t box = 0xe29692;
wprintf(L"%lc\n", box);
wprintf(L"\n\nX\n\n");
box = L'\u2592'; //0xE2 0x96 0x92 = U+2592
wprintf(L"%lc\n", box);
wprintf(L"\n\n0x%.8X\n\n", box);
box = 0x2592;
wprintf(L"%lc\n", box);
return 0;
}
The output I get is:
X
▒
0x00002592
▒
The first print operation produces nothing of use; the others work.
Testing on Mac OS X 10.10.5. I happen to be compiling with GCC 5.3.0 (which I compiled), but I got the same output with XCode 7.0.2 and clang.
I'm trying to get a wide character string from /dev/urandom but there is nothing or some short strange results on STDOUT. I need to solve this problem today. Please help me! What's wrong with it...
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <locale.h>
int main(){
setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
wchar_t text[100];
FILE *urandom;
int x = 5;
urandom = fopen("/dev/urandom", "r");
while(x--){
fgetws(text, 100, urandom);
fwprintf(stdout, L"%ls\n", text);
//fputws(text, stdout);
}
fclose(urandom);
return 0;
}
EDIT:
THIS IS WHAT I SHOULD GET (using normal char[], fgets, fputs):
THIS IS WHAT I'M GETTING (using wchar_t[], fgetws, fwprintf/fputws):