Heterogeneous collection literal in swift - arrays

I am trying to read nested array as follows but getting an error.
var inputArray = [1,[4,3],6,[5,[1,0]]]
func nestedArray(inputArray :[Any])
{
}
error: heterogeneous collection literal could only be inferred to
'[Any]'; add explicit type annotation if this is intentional var
inputArray = [1,[4,3],6,[5,[1,0]]]

You need
var inputArray:[Any] = [1,[4,3],6,[5,[1,0]]]
as you specify elements of different types Int , Array and nested Array

Related

MVC ViewBag Two Dimentional Array - How to access elements from controller

I have a simple MVC C# controller with 2 dimention array.
ViewBag.states = new SelectList(db.states, "state_code", "state_zone");
If state_code = "FL", I want to get its state_zone value in the controller
I tried:
int newZone = ViewBag.states["FL"].state_zone
but I get error:
Cannot apply indexing with [] to an expression of type 'System.Web.Mvc.SelectList'
Any ideas?
Since ViewBag.states is dynamic property, you can't use indexer of SelectList against it because state_zone already stored inside Text property:
int newZone = ViewBag.states["FL"].state_zone;
Also this declaration seems possible but may throwing indexing error as described in comment:
var zone = ViewBag.states as SelectList;
int newZone = Convert.ToInt32(zone.Items[0].Text); // error: 'cannot apply indexing with [] to an expression of type 'System.Collections.IEnumerable'
To use SelectList item indexer inside ViewBag object, you need to convert it into SelectList first, then use LINQ methods to reveal its value:
var zone = ViewBag.states as SelectList;
int newZone = Convert.ToInt32(zone.Skip(n).First().Text); // n = any index number
// alternative:
int newZone = Convert.ToInt32(zone.Where(p => p.Value == "[any_value]").First().Text);
Similar issue:
Get a text item from an c# SelectList

Swift empty array does not have a member named .insert

I am new to Swift.
I am trying to get some data from a webservice and to loop the JSON data to make a simple array.
DataManager.getDataFromEndpoint{ (endpointData) -> Void in
let json = JSON(data: endpointData)
if let programsOnAir = json["data"]["data"]["on_air"].array{
var onAirArray = []
for onAir in programsOnAir {
var eventName = onAir["event_name"].string
var eventCover = onAir["event_cover"].string
var tuple = (name: eventName!, cover: eventCover!)
onAirArray.insert(tuple, atIndex: 1)
}
println(onAirArray)
}
}
I get an error where the member .insert does not exist
BUt if I init the array like this var onAirArray = [name: "something, cover: "somethingelse"] then it works.
I need to work with empty arrays and I need to be them mutable, because I have no idea what I may get from the JSON given by the API endpoint.
What am I doing wrong?
The problem is with this line:
var onAirArray = []
Since you haven't given the array an explicit type, this is creating a new instance of NSArray, which doesn't have a method called insert. Which is why this is probably the exact error message you're receiving.
'NSArray' does not have a member named 'insert'
To fix this, explicitly state the type of your array.
var onAirArray: [(String, String)] = []

Swift Dictionary: Get values as array

I have a dictionary containing UIColor objects hashed by an enum value, ColorScheme:
var colorsForColorScheme: [ColorScheme : UIColor] = ...
I would like to be able to extract an array of all the colors (the values) contained by this dictionary. I thought I could use the values property, as is used when iterating over dictionary values (for value in dictionary.values {...}), but this returns an error:
let colors: [UIColor] = colorsForColorSchemes.values
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~
'LazyBidrectionalCollection<MapCollectionView<Dictionary<ColorScheme, UIColor>, UIColor>>' is not convertible to 'UIColor'
It seems that rather than returning an Array of values, the values method returns a more abstract collection type. Is there a way to get an Array containing the dictionary's values without extracting them in a for-in loop?
As of Swift 2.0, Dictionary’s values property now returns a LazyMapCollection instead of a LazyBidirectionalCollection. The Array type knows how to initialise itself using this abstract collection type:
let colors = Array(colorsForColorSchemes.values)
Swift's type inference already knows that these values are UIColor objects, so no type casting is required, which is nice!
You can map dictionary to an array of values:
let colors = colorsForColorScheme.map { $0.1 }
Closure takes a key-value tuple from dictionary and returns just a value. So, map function produces an array of values.
More readable version of the same code:
let colors = colorsForColorScheme.map { (scheme, color) in
return color
}
UPDATE
From Xcode 9.0, dictionary values can be accessed using values property, which conforms to Collection protocol:
let colors = colorsForColorScheme.values
Typically you just want it as an array:
let colors = Array(dict.values)
and that's it.
Use colorsForColorScheme.map({$0.value})
you can create an extension on LazyMapCollection
public extension LazyMapCollection {
func toArray() -> [Element]{
return Array(self)
}
}
colorsForColorSchemes.values.toArray() or colorsForColorSchemes.keys.toArray()
Firstly, from the following statement, it seems that your variable(dictionary) name is colorsForColorScheme
var colorsForColorScheme: [ColorScheme : UIColor] = ...
while you are trying to get the values from colorsForColorSchemes dictionary when you did-
let colors: [UIColor] = colorsForColorSchemes.values
which should give you a compile time error. Anyways I am assuming that you had a typo, and you dictionary's name is colorsForColorSchemes. So, here is the solution-
As mentioned earlier, because of the type inference property in swift, your code can infer that the returned type from the .values function is returning an array of UIColor. However, Swift wants to be type-safe, so when you store the values in the colors array, you need to explicitly define that. For swift 5 and above, now you could just do following-
let colors = [UIColor](colorsForColorSchemes.values)
You can also use flatMap:
let colors = colorsForColorScheme.values.flatMap { $0 }
I've found this to be the most useful in Swift 5:
colorsForColorSchemes.allValues
See docs - https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/nsdictionary/1408915-allvalues

Add a dictionary to an array in Swift

I created an array of dictionary, but I have an error, when I tried to add my object (a dictionary) to my array.
I have this error "AnyObject does not have a member named 'append'"
var posts=[Dictionary<String,AnyObject>]()
var post=Dictionary<String,AnyObject>()
var attachment=Dictionary<String,AnyObject>()
...
post=["id":"a", "label":"b"]
attachment=["id":"c", "image":"d"]
var newPost = [post, attachment]
posts.append(newPost) <- AnyObject does not have a member named 'append'
I don't understand. Maybe I haven't initialize the array correctly ?
UPDATE / SOLVED
var posts=[Dictionary<String,Dictionary<String,AnyObject>>]()
var post=Dictionary<String,AnyObject>()
var attachment=Dictionary<String,AnyObject>()
...
post=["id":"a", "label":"b"]
attachment=["id":"c", "image":"d"]
var newPost = ["post":post, "attachment":attachment]
posts.append(newPost) <- AnyObject does not have a member named 'append'
EDIT : newPost is a instance of dictionary and posts an array of dictionaries
append is to add an item, whereas you are trying to append another array (post is an array of dictionaries). You can use the += operator:
posts += newPost
or use the extend method (which is equivalent to the += operator):
posts.extend(newPost)
or add elements individually:
posts.append(post)
posts.append(attachment)
If you want each post to be an array of post and argument:
var posts=[[Dictionary<String,AnyObject>]]()
Also, you can define the type for post and attachment without creating empty objects:
var post:Dictionary<String,AnyObject>
var attachment:Dictionary<String,AnyObject>

Modifying an array of dictionaries in Swift

I’m new to Swift and have been having some troubles figuring out some aspects of Arrays and Dictionaries.
I have an array of dictionaries, for which I have used Type Aliases - e.g.
typealias myDicts = Dictionary<String, Double>
var myArray : [myDicts] = [
["id":0,
"lat”:55.555555,
"lng”:-55.555555,
"distance":0],
["id":1,
"lat": 44.444444,
"lng”:-44.444444,
"distance":0]
]
I then want to iterate through the dictionaries in the array and change the “distance” key value. I did it like this:
for dict:myDicts in myArray {
dict["distance"] = 5
}
Or even specifically making sure 5 is a double with many different approaches including e.g.
for dict:myDicts in myArray {
let numberFive : Double = 5
dict["distance"] = numberFive
}
All my attempts cause an error:
#lvalue $T5' is not identical to '(String, Double)
It seems to be acting as if the Dictionaries inside were immutable “let” rather than “var”. So I randomly tried this:
for (var dict:myDicts) in myArray {
dict["distance"] = 5
}
This removes the error and the key is indeed assigned 5 within the for loop, but this doesn't seem to actually modify the array itself in the long run. What am I doing wrong?
The implicitly declared variable in a for-in loop in Swift is constant by default (let), that's why you can't modify it directly in the loop.
The for-in documentation has this:
for index in 1...5 {
println("\(index) times 5 is \(index * 5)")
}
In the example above, index is a constant whose value is automatically
set at the start of each iteration of the loop. As such, it does not
have to be declared before it is used. It is implicitly declared
simply by its inclusion in the loop declaration, without the need for
a let declaration keyword.
As you've discovered, you can make it a variable by explicitly declaring it with var. However, in this case, you're trying to modify a dictionary which is a struct and, therefore, a value type and it is copied on assignment. When you do dict["distance"] = 5 you're actually modifying a copy of the dictionary and not the original stored in the array.
You can still modify the dictionary in the array, you just have to do it directly by looping over the array by index:
for index in 0..<myArray.count {
myArray[index]["distance"] = 5
}
This way, you're sure to by modifying the original dictionary instead of a copy of it.
That being said, #matt's suggestion to use a custom class is usually the best route to take.
You're not doing anything wrong. That's how Swift works. You have two options:
Use NSMutableDictionary rather than a Swift dictionary.
Use a custom class instead of a dictionary. In a way this is a better solution anyway because it's what you should have been doing all along in a situation where all the dictionaries have the same structure.
The "custom class" I'm talking about would be a mere "value class", a bundle of properties. This was kind of a pain to make in Objective-C, but in Swift it's trivial, so I now do this a lot. The thing is that you can stick the class definition for your custom class anywhere; it doesn't need a file of its own, and of course in Swift you don't have the interface/implementation foo to grapple with, let alone memory management and other stuff. So this is just a few lines of code that you can stick right in with the code you've already got.
Here's an example from my own code:
class Model {
var task : NSURLSessionTask!
var im : UIImage!
var text : String!
var picurl : String!
}
We then have an array of Model and away we go.
So, in your example:
class MyDict : NSObject {
var id = 0.0
var lat = 0.0
var lng = 0.0
var distance = 0.0
}
var myArray = [MyDict]()
let d1 = MyDict()
d1.id = 0
d1.lat = 55.55
d1.lng = -55.55
d1.distance = 0
let d2 = MyDict()
d2.id = 0
d2.lat = 44.44
d2.lng = -44.44
d2.distance = 0
myArray = [d1,d2]
// now we come to the actual heart of the matter
for d in myArray {
d.distance = 5
}
println(myArray[0].distance) // it worked
println(myArray[1].distance) // it worked
Yes, the dictionary retrieved in the loop is immutable, hence you cannot change.
I'm afraid your last attempt just creates a mutable copy of it.
One possible workaround is to use NSMutableDictionary:
typealias myDicts = NSMutableDictionary
Have a class wrapper for the Swift dictionary or array.
class MyDictionary: NSObject {
var data : Dictionary<String,Any>!
init(_ data: Dictionary<String,Any>) {
self.data = data
}}
MyDictionary.data

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