I continually get these errors when I try to update tables based on another table. I end up rewriting the query, change the order of joins, change some groupings and then it eventually works, but I just don't quite get it.
What is a 'multi-part identifier'?
When is a 'multi-part identifier' not able to be bound?
What is it being bound to anyway?
In what cases will this error occur?
What are the best ways to prevent it?
The specific error from SQL Server 2005 is:
The multi-part identifier "..." could not be bound.
Here is an example:
SELECT * FROM [MainDB].[dbo].[Company]
WHERE [MainDB].[dbo].[Company].[CompanyName] = 'StackOverflow'
The actual error:
Msg 4104, Level 16, State 1, Line 2 The multi-part identifier
"MainDB.dbo.Company.CompanyName" could not be bound.
A multipart identifier is any description of a field or table that contains multiple parts - for instance MyTable.SomeRow - if it can't be bound that means there's something wrong with it - either you've got a simple typo, or a confusion between table and column. It can also be caused by using reserved words in your table or field names and not surrounding them with [].
It can also be caused by not including all of the required columns in the target table.
Something like redgate sql prompt is brilliant for avoiding having to manually type these (it even auto-completes joins based on foreign keys), but isn't free. SQL server 2008 supports intellisense out of the box, although it isn't quite as complete as the redgate version.
Actually sometimes when you are updating one table from another table's data, I think one of the common issues that cause this error, is when you use your table abbreviations incorrectly or when they are not needed. The correct statement is below:
Update Table1
Set SomeField = t2.SomeFieldValue
From Table1 t1
Inner Join Table2 as t2
On t1.ID = t2.ID
Notice that SomeField column from Table1 doesn't have the t1 qualifier as t1.SomeField but is just SomeField.
If one tries to update it by specifying t1.SomeField the statement will return the multi-part error that you have noticed.
It's probably a typo. Look for the places in your code where you call [schema].[TableName] (basically anywhere you reference a field) and make sure everything is spelled correctly.
Personally, I try to avoid this by using aliases for all my tables. It helps tremendously when you can shorten a long table name to an acronym of it's description (i.e. WorkOrderParts -> WOP), and also makes your query more readable.
Edit: As an added bonus, you'll save TONS of keystrokes when all you have to type is a three or four-letter alias vs. the schema, table, and field names all together.
Binding = your textual representation of a specific column gets mapped to a physical column in some table, in some database, on some server.
Multipart identifier could be: MyDatabase.dbo.MyTable. If you get any of these identifiers wrong, then you have a multipart identifier that cannot be mapped.
The best way to avoid it is to write the query right the first time, or use a plugin for management studio that provides intellisense and thus help you out by avoiding typos.
I found that I get these a lot when I try to abbreviate, such as:
Table1 t1, Table2 t2
where t1.ID = t2.ID
Changing it to:
Table1, Table2
where Table1.ID = Table2.ID
Makes the query work and not throw the error.
You probably have a typo. For instance, if you have a table named Customer in a database named Sales, you could refer to it as Sales..Customer (although it is better to refer to it including the owner name (dbo is the default owner) like Sales.dbo.Customer.
If you typed Sales...Customer, you might have gotten the message you got.
If you are sure that it is not a typo spelling-wise, perhaps it is a typo case-wise.
What collation are you using? Check it.
When updating tables make sure you do not reference the field your updating via the alias.
I just had the error with the following code
update [page]
set p.pagestatusid = 1
from [page] p
join seed s on s.seedid = p.seedid
where s.providercode = 'agd'
and p.pagestatusid = 0
I had to remove the alias reference in the set statement so it reads like this
update [page]
set pagestatusid = 1
from [page] p
join seed s on s.seedid = p.seedid
where s.providercode = 'agd'
and p.pagestatusid = 0
Adding table alias in front Set field causes this problem in my case.
Right
Update Table1
Set SomeField = t2.SomeFieldValue
From Table1 t1
Inner Join Table2 as t2
On t1.ID = t2.ID
Wrong
Update Table1
Set t1.SomeField = t2.SomeFieldValue
From Table1 t1
Inner Join Table2 as t2
On t1.ID = t2.ID
I had this issue and it turned out to be an incorrect table alias. Correcting this resolved the issue.
Mine was putting the schema on the table Alias by mistake:
SELECT * FROM schema.CustomerOrders co
WHERE schema.co.ID = 1 -- oops!
I had P.PayeeName AS 'Payer' --,
and the two comment lines threw this error
I actually forgot to join the table to the others that's why i got the error
Supposed to be this way:
CREATE VIEW reserved_passangers AS
SELECT dbo.Passenger.PassName, dbo.Passenger.Address1, dbo.Passenger.Phone
FROM dbo.Passenger, dbo.Reservation, dbo.Flight
WHERE (dbo.Passenger.PassNum = dbo.Reservation.PassNum) and
(dbo.Reservation.Flightdate = 'January 15 2004' and Flight.FlightNum =562)
And not this way:
CREATE VIEW reserved_passangers AS
SELECT dbo.Passenger.PassName, dbo.Passenger.Address1, dbo.Passenger.Phone
FROM dbo.Passenger, dbo.Reservation
WHERE (dbo.Passenger.PassNum = dbo.Reservation.PassNum) and
(dbo.Reservation.Flightdate = 'January 15 2004' and Flight.FlightNum = 562)
Error Code
FROM
dbo.Category C LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.SubCategory SC ON C.categoryID = SC.CategoryID AND C.IsActive = 'True' LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.Module M ON SC.subCategoryID = M.subCategoryID AND SC.IsActive = 'True' LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.SubModule SM ON M.ModuleID = SM.ModuleID AND M.IsActive = 'True' AND SM.IsActive = 'True' LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.trainer ON dbo.trainer.TopicID =dbo.SubModule.subModuleID
Solution Code
FROM
dbo.Category C LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.SubCategory SC ON C.categoryID = SC.CategoryID AND C.IsActive = 'True' LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.Module M ON SC.subCategoryID = M.subCategoryID AND SC.IsActive = 'True' LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.SubModule SM ON M.ModuleID = SM.ModuleID AND M.IsActive = 'True' AND SM.IsActive = 'True' LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.trainer ON dbo.trainer.TopicID = SM.subModuleID
as you can see, in error code, dbo.SubModule is already defined as SM, but I am using dbo.SubModule in next line, hence there was an error.
use declared name instead of actual name. Problem solved.
My best advise when having the error is to use [] braquets to sorround table names, the abbreviation of tables causes sometimes errors, (sometime table abbreviations just work fine...weird)
I was getting this error and just could not see where the problem was. I double checked all of my aliases and syntax and nothing looked out of place. The query was similar to ones I write all the time.
I decided to just re-write the query (I originally had copied it from a report .rdl file) below, over again, and it ran fine. Looking at the queries now, they look the same to me, but my re-written one works.
Just wanted to say that it might be worth a shot if nothing else works.
When you type the FROM table those errors will disappear.
Type FROM below what your typing then Intellisense will work and multi-part identifier will work.
I faced this problem and solved it but there is a difference between your and mine code. In spite of I think you can understand what is "the multi-part identifier could not be bound"
When I used this code
select * from tbTest where email = sakira#gmail.com
I faced Multi-part identifier problem
but when I use single quotation for email address It solved
select * from tbTest where email = 'sakira#gmail.com'
I had exactly the same issue, and similar to your coding I had missed out the FROM field, once it is added, the query knows what table to read the data from
Mine worked after removing square brackets in a SUBSTRING method. I changed from
SUBSTRING([dbo.table].[column],15,2)
to
SUBSTRING(dbo.table.column,15,2)
CTRL+SHIFT+R (refreshing the Intellisense) took care of it for me.
Related
I am running this query and getting "The multi-part identifier "CM_PayorPlanText.Payor_Plan_Code" could not be bound."
what am i doing wrong can some one help ?
Thanks,
select top 100
[CM_PayorMaster].[Payor_Parent_Code],
[CM_PayorPlanMap].[Mnumber],
CM_PayorMaster.Payor_Code,
CM_PayorMaster.Payor_Parent_Code,
CM_PayorPlanText.Payor_Plan_Code
From (CM_PayorMaster
Left join CM_PayorPlanMap on CM_PayorMaster.Payor_Plan_Code=CM_PayorPlanMap.Payor_Plan_Code)
inner join CM_PayorParentText on CM_PayorMaster.Payor_Plan_Code=CM_PayorPlanText.Payor_Plan_Code)
The reason for the error is you are selecting the column CM_PayorPlanText.Payor_Plan_Code and you aren't joining to the CM_PayorPlanText table. You are joining to CM_PayorParentText, which is the Parent which seems to be the confusion.
Based on the JOIN clause, I think you likely want to replace CM_PayorParentText with CM_PayorPlanText
You also have unbalanced parentheses... I removed them since they aren't needed.
select top 100
[CM_PayorMaster].[Payor_Parent_Code],
[CM_PayorPlanMap].[Mnumber],
CM_PayorMaster.Payor_Code,
CM_PayorMaster.Payor_Parent_Code,
CM_PayorPlanText.Payor_Plan_Code
From
CM_PayorMaster
Left join
CM_PayorPlanMap on
CM_PayorMaster.Payor_Plan_Code=CM_PayorPlanMap.Payor_Plan_Code
inner join
CM_PayorPlanText on --changed the table here
CM_PayorMaster.Payor_Plan_Code=CM_PayorPlanText.Payor_Plan_Code
Also, you are using TOP 100 without an ORDER BY which means you don't care which non-deterministic 100 rows should be returned. If you think you will get the same 100 each time, you should read this answer with emphasis on this post.
This query returns all the elements in the table la and all nulls for fields coming from the lar table which is not what I expected.
SELECT
la.listing_id,
la.id,
lar.*
FROM la
LEFT JOIN lar
ON lar.application_id = la.id AND la.listing_id = 2780;
This query returns correct and expected results but shouldn't both queries do the same thing ?
SELECT
la.listing_id,
la.id,
lar.*
FROM la
LEFT JOIN lar
ON lar.application_id = la.id
WHERE la.listing_id = 2780;
What am I missing here?
I want to make conditional joins as I have noticed that for complex queries Postgresql does the join then do the WHERE clause which is actually very slow. How to make the database filter out some records before doing the JOIN ?
The confusion around LEFT JOIN and WHERE clause has been clarified many times:
SQL / PostgreSQL left join ignores "on = constant" predicate, on left table
This interesting question remains:
How to make the database filter out some records before doing the JOIN?
There are no explicit query hints in Postgres. (Which is a matter of ongoing debate.) But there are still various tricks to make Postgres bend your way.
But first, ask yourself: Why did the query planner estimate the chosen plan to be cheaper to begin with? Is your server configuration basically sane? Cost settings adequate? autovacuum running? Postgres version outdated? Are you working around an underlying problem that should really be fixed?
If you force Postgres to do it your way, you should be sure it won't fire back, after a version upgrade or update to the server configuration ... You'd better know what you are doing exactly.
That said, you can force Postgres to "filter out some records before doing the JOIN" with a subquery where you add OFFSET 0 - which is just noise, logically, but prevents Postgres from rearranging it into the form of a regular join. (Query hint after all)
SELECT la.listing_id, la.id, lar.*
FROM (
SELECT listing_id, id
FROM la
WHERE listing_id = 2780
OFFSET 0
) la
LEFT JOIN lar ON lar.application_id = la.id;
Or you can use a CTE (less obscure, but more expensive). Or other tricks like setting certain config parameters. Or, in this particular case, I would use a LATERAL join to the same effect:
SELECT la.listing_id, la.id, lar.*
FROM la
LEFT JOIN LATERAL (
SELECT *
FROM lar
WHERE application_id = la.id
) lar ON true
WHERE la.listing_id = 2780;
Related:
Sample Query to show Cardinality estimation error in PostgreSQL
Here is an extensive blog on Query hints by 2ndQuadrant. Five year old but still valid.
The LEFT JOIN keyword returns all rows from the left table (table1), with the matching rows in the right table (table2). The result is NULL in the right side when there is no match.
So no matter you try to filter with AND la.listing_id = 2780; you still get all the rows from first table. But only those with la.listing_id = 2780; will have something <> NULL on the right side
The behaviour is different if you try INNER JOIN in that case only the matching columns are created and the AND condition will filter the rows.
So to make the first query work you need add WHERE la.listing_id IS NOT NULL
The problem with second query is will try to JOIN every row and then will filter only the one you need.
I'm trying to update a query for a client to add more functionality on a MS-SQL Server 2014 database. The query was written by someone else, and is currently working.
The FROM part of the query contains the following:
FROM Project Phs
LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM Stage WHERE Status >=5 ) SUB
ON pmsProject = phs.prjPhase
LEFT JOIN InvoiceGroup ON phs.prjInvoiceGroup = igKey
LEFT JOIN Vec ON vecKey = igClient
LEFT JOIN Project Prj ON Prj.prjkey = Phs.prjproject
LEFT JOIN Contact ON prj.prjClientContact1 = cntkey
LEFT JOIN Project L2 ON L2.prjkey = phs.prjPhaseLevel2
What does SUB on line 2 do here?
I can't find SUB in the JOIN documentation, SUB is not a reserved word in T-SQL, and SUB does not appear anywhere else in the (300 line) query. Thanks.
Sub is nothing more than a table alias from which the columns from the stage table can be referenced.
The join could be written as sub.pmsProject=phs.prjphase.
It's similar to phs for project and prj for project.
All fields from the stage table can be refereed to as sub.fieldname. This is necessary when tables have fields with the same name so the engine knows specifically what table you want to access data from.
Aliases not only make it easier to code, it makes the code easier to read instead of having long drawn out table names.
This is simply an alias for the (SELECT * FROM Stage WHERE Status >=5 ) subquery so that it can be referenced later. I do not see it referenced anywhere else in the query you have provided, but you may have trimmed off a portion that contains it, or it may have been removed previously.
I saw that another poster (WolfiG) had asked a very similar question, but I don't see the answer.
(I understand the error message, and am NOT looking for how to fix the error, I AM trying to determine whether there is any type of error checking (or debugging technique) to use for other errors.
I found similar code and added to it, to get each table in each database on a server...and to show the PKs and rowcounts. (Working on an inventory and then a data dictionary - but this is not the issue, I am just explaining how the code came to be.)
SO in this case I had already narrowed down the data somewhat (meaning I know which database I am querying and encountered the error) so there were "only" 81 tables (rows) that could have been in error. BUT of course that would require too much manual checking to find the problem, so I was hoping that there was a way to see which "t.name" was being read when the sub-query got the error. (I narrowed it down the the first sub-query by commenting out a line at a time (there were 10 and I just did not copy all of them here.)
Again the question is (and it looks like I am not the only person asking this type of question) -
Is there a way to determine which row (data) caused an error in a query?
and in the example below,
Is there a way to display the t.name (or other column's data) was the most recent when an error occured?
Having worked in Mainframe - you can look at a dump or buffer. But I guess I don't want to expect too much since I keep seeing cryptic messages, where obviously the system has the info but doesn't display it.
Msg 512, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
Subquery returned more than 1 value. This is not permitted when the subquery follows =, !=, <, <= , >, >= or when the subquery is used as an expression.
use [DBName]
SELECT '[DBName]' as DBName, t.NAME, it.xtype,i.rowcnt,
(select c.name from syscolumns c inner join sysindexkeys k on k.indid=i.indid and c.colid = k.colid and c.id=t.id and k.keyno=1 and k.id=t.id)as 'column1',
(select c.name from syscolumns c inner join sysindexkeys k on k.indid=i.indid and c.colid = k.colid and c.id=t.id and k.keyno=2 and k.id=t.id)as 'column2'
from sysobjects t inner join sysindexes i on i.id=t.id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sysobjects it on it.parent_obj=t.id and it.name = i.name
WHERE i.indid < 2 AND OBJECTPROPERTY(t.ID, 'IsMSShipped') = 0
Thanks!
By the way, how I was able to find the row causing this error (in case this would help anyone else) is that I changed the first sub-query to "select count(c.name) from syscolumns" and then looked for any rows where the number was > 1.
Sebastian Meine Thank you, but now I've hit another problem. (I had to say that I am pretty much sadly disputing your comment that SQL is better than other DBs for the dictionary. GRRRR)
I was using " i.indid < 2" because - first off intially I was trying to get rowcnt and honestly the samples all use it. But I see how the query you pasted got far more rows and that the original missed - apparently because of the check: i.indid < 2
HOWEVER, with your query I am now getting many more occurences of the same table and I cannot see how it would be possible to "summarize" /ARGHHH while I am typing this up I am seeing that the COLS are not only primary keys and the same table name shows up (and with different row counts and it looks like in many cases there was a row for every column in the table - and NOT in other cases). So looking for a pattern, I found that MAYBE sysindexes.status = might limit my results - but while that was close there still were duplicate rows. Again ARGGGH
SQL Server does not provide the ability to do row by row debugging. Everything is handled as a set. If one element does not conform to the rules the whole query fails.
So, to find the offending row you need to write a separate query, as you already did.
The catalog vies in SQL 2000 have not been that great but since have been greatly improved and provide a lot more detail than most other RDBMSs out there. But since you seem to have the requirement to write one query that runs on all, try this:
SELECT DB_ID() AS DBName,
o.name,
i.rowcnt,
i.keycnt,
cols.column1,
cols.column2,
cols.column3,
cols.column4
FROM sysobjects o
JOIN sysindexes i
ON o.id = i.id
JOIN (
SELECT k.id,
k.indid,
MAX(CASE WHEN k.keyno = 1 THEN c.name END) AS column1,
MAX(CASE WHEN k.keyno = 2 THEN c.name END) AS column2,
MAX(CASE WHEN k.keyno = 3 THEN c.name END) AS column3,
MAX(CASE WHEN k.keyno = 4 THEN c.name END) AS column4
FROM sysindexkeys k
JOIN syscolumns c
ON k.id = c.id
AND k.colid = c.colid
GROUP BY k.id, k.indid
) cols
ON i.id = cols.id
AND i.indid = cols.indid
I do not have a SQL 2000 version running anymore to try this on, but I believe it will run.
Two things to be aware of:
The sysindexes.rowcnt value was very unreliable in SQL 2000. The value you find in sys.indexes in later versions is reliable but not ACID compliant.
There can be up to 16 kolumns in an index. I added 4 to the query and also added the keycnt column, so you know how many you are missing.
What I find useful is re-structuring the sql to make it easier to trouble shoot. I would avoid sub-queries in general unless they are absolutely needed.
Otherwise, if you do use sub-queries, you also need to account for the case where they return more than one result in a scalar context.
Typically most sub-queries like this can be re-written as joins. Then, you can also directly see what data is duplicated -- you can join the table to itself on the duplicated field such that the id's are not equal.
Is there any way in MS-Access to update a table where the data is coming from an outer joined dataset or a derived table? I know how to do it in MSSQL, but in Access I always receive an "Operation must use updateable query" error. The table being updated is updateable, the source data is not. After reading up on the error, Microsoft tells me that the error is caused when the query would violate referential integrity. I can assure this dataset will not. This limitation is crippling when trying to update large datasets. I also read that this can supposedly be remedied by enabling cascading updates. If this relationship between my tables is defined in the query only, is this a possibility? So far writing the dataset to a temp table and then inner joining that to the update table is my only solution; that is incredibly clunky. I would like to do something along the lines of this:
UPDATE Table1
LEFT JOIN Table2 ON Table1.Field1=Table2.Field1
WHERE Table2.Field1 IS Null
SET Table1.Field1= Table2.Field2
or
UPDATE Table1 INNER JOIN
(
SELECT Field1, Field2
FROM Table2, Table3
WHERE Field3=’Whatever’
) AS T2 ON Table1.Field1=T2.Field1
SET Table1.Field1= T2.Field2
Update Queries are very problematic in Access as you've been finding out.
The temp table idea is sometimes your only option.
Sometimes using the DISTINCTROW declaration solves the problem (Query Properties -> Unique Records to 'Yes'), and is worth trying.
Another thing to try would be to use Aliases on your tables, this seems to help out the JET engine as well.
UPDATE Table3
INNER JOIN
(Table1 INNER JOIN Table2 ON Table1.uid = Table2.uid)
ON
(Table3.uid = Table2.uid)
AND
(Table3.uid = Table1.uid)
SET
Table2.field=NULL;
What I did is:
1. Created 3 tables
2. Establish relationships between them
3. And used the query builder to update a field in Table2.
There seems to be a problem in the query logic. In your first example, you LEFT JOIN to Table2 on Field1, but then have
Table2.Field1 IS NULL
in the WHERE clause. So, this limits you to records where no JOIN could be made. But then you try and update Table 1 with data from Table2, despite there being no JOIN.
Perhaps you could explain what it is you are trying to do with this query?