partitioning and selecting clusters with multiple records - sql-server

Question

The header of question might be confusing so I put my issue into words:
I have a table with master_ids, ids and years. A master_id can contain different ids. Each Id is associated with a year. I already partitioned by master_id and gave each year a rank (year_rank).
+-----------+----+------+-----------+
| master_id | id | year | year_rank |
+-----------+----+------+-----------+
| 100 | 1 | 2017 | 1 |
| 100 | 2 | 2016 | 2 |
| 100 | 3 | 2015 | 3 |
| 200 | 9 | 2001 | 1 |
| 300 | 5 | 2020 | 1 |
| 300 | 4 | 2010 | 2 |
| 400 | 7 | 1999 | 1 |
| 400 | 11 | 1996 | 2 |
| 500 | 20 | 1999 | 1 |
| 600 | 25 | 2005 | 1 |
| 600 | 29 | 2005 | 1 |
+-----------+----+------+-----------+
My goal is to pick only the clusters which have more than 1 record in order to compare it:
+-----------+----+------+-----------+
| master_id | id | year | year_rank |
+-----------+----+------+-----------+
| 100 | 1 | 2017 | 1 |
| 100 | 2 | 2016 | 2 |
| 100 | 3 | 2015 | 3 |
| 300 | 5 | 2020 | 1 |
| 300 | 4 | 2010 | 2 |
| 400 | 7 | 1999 | 1 |
| 400 | 11 | 1996 | 2 |
+-----------+----+------+-----------+
If I put where year_rank > 1 it eliminates the first rows in the clusters with multiple records which I don't want. How can I solve this? I thought about a group by but I don't know how to apply this.
Thank you very much!

Answer 1

Edit: Completely updated for new requirement. This will only show records for master_ids which have multiple years associated with them, however it will show all records associated for that master_id even if they are in the same year (see 600 vs 700).
SQLFiddle here
We will perform your year_rank in cte1 so we can aggregate it with the MAX() function in cte2 to filter out where max is greater than whatever variable you want to put there. We then query cte1 and join on cte2 to only show the records for master_ids that have multiple years associated with them.
WITH cte1 AS (
SELECT
master_id,
id,
year,
RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY master_id ORDER BY year DESC) AS year_rank
FROM tbl
),
cte2 AS (
SELECT
master_id
FROM cte1
GROUP BY master_id
HAVING MAX(year_rank) > 1
)
SELECT
cte1.master_id,
cte1.id,
cte1.year,
cte1.year_rank
FROM cte1
JOIN cte2 ON
cte1.master_id = cte2.master_id

Answer 2

I figured out to eliminate rows which don't have a discrepancy in years within their master_id:
select *,
case
when (master_id = (lead(master_id) over (order by master_id))) and
(year = (lead(service_year) over (order by master_id))) then 'no show'
when (master_id = (lag(master_id) over (order by master_id))) and
(year = (lag(service_year) over (order by master_id))) then 'no show'
else ''
end as note
from table
Now I can put all of that into a temp table and delete the records which have 'no show' in the note column.
What do you think of this? Is there an easier way?