I am new new to processing and I am trying to experiment with the lerp function in processing. Basically what I am trying to do is, click on different point on the screen, these positions are being stored in an array. when the user clicks enter, the stored movements are replayed with an ellipse moving smoothly between the points. My problem is that when I click enter, I am getting the 'Arithmetic exception by zero'. Can you please guide me what I am missing? Thanks.
final static int numFrames = 30; //frames between keyframes
final static int numKeyFrames = 1; //frames between keyframes
Point[] keyFrames;
Point[] frames;
void setup()
{
size(640, 480);
frameRate(30);
LinearInterp();
}
void mouseClicked()
{
stroke(0);
strokeWeight(8);
for(int i=0; i<numKeyFrames; i++)
{
keyFrames = new Point[numKeyFrames];
keyFrames[i] = new Point(mouseX,mouseY);
point(keyFrames[i].x,keyFrames[i].y);
println("Mouse Coordinates are: " + keyFrames[i]);
}
}
void LinearInterp()
{
frames = new Point[numFrames*(numKeyFrames-1)];
for (int kf = 0; kf< numKeyFrames-1; kf++)
{
Point p0 = keyFrames[kf];
Point p1 = keyFrames[kf+1];
for (int f =0; f<numFrames; f++)
{
float a = f*1.0/numFrames;
int newX = int(p0.x * (1-a) + p1.x * a);
int newY = int(p0.y * (1-a) + p1.y * a);
frames[f+(kf*numFrames)] = new Point(newX,newY);
}
}
}
void animateFrames()
{
stroke(187);
strokeWeight(10);
int i = frameCount % frames.length;
point(frames[i].x,frames[i].y);
}
void drawFrames()
{
stroke(187);
strokeWeight(2);
for (int i=0; i<frames.length; i++)
{
point(frames[i].x,frames[i].y);
}
}
void draw()
{
if(keyPressed)
{
if(key == ENTER)
{
drawFrames();
animateFrames();
}
}
}
Why did you delete your last question? Please don't delete questions after somebody takes the time to answer them.
Like I said in your last question, you need to store the index of which "leg" of the journey you're on. You also need to store how far along that leg the point should be. When you reach the next point, then increment the index and reset the percentage.
In any case, you need to break this problem down into smaller steps. Can you create a program that shows a circle travelling from one hard-coded point to another? Start with that, without worrying about user input. Get that working perfectly before moving on. Then get a program working that shows a circle moving from a hard-coded point to a point the user clicks. Get that working perfectly. Then get a program that shows a circle moving between two user clicks. Get that working perfectly. Notice a pattern?
Related
Hello I am new to c# and unity anyone know how to fix argument out of range exception that happens on this code im working on. This code is used for finding closest waypoint AI, i've tried changing the integer but to no avail.Thank you for taking your time reading this.
public class FindClosest : MonoBehaviour
{
public GameObject[] waypoints;
Animator anim;
public float rotspeed = 0.8f;
public float speed = 3f;
float accuracyWP = 2.0f;
int currentWP = 0;
List<Transform> path = new List<Transform>();
void Start()
{
anim = GetComponent<Animator>();
foreach (GameObject go in waypoints)
{
path.Add(go.transform);
}
currentWP = FindClosestWP();
anim.SetBool("isWalking", true);
}
int FindClosestWP()
{
if (path.Count == 0) return -1;
int closest = 0;
float lastDist = Vector3.Distance(this.transform.position, path[0].position);
for(int i = 1; i < path.Count; i++)
{
float thisDist = Vector3.Distance(this.transform.position, path[i].position);
if(lastDist > thisDist && i != currentWP)
{
closest = i;
}
}
return closest;
}
void Update()
{
Vector3 direction = path[currentWP].position - transform.position;
this.transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(transform.rotation,
Quaternion.LookRotation(direction), rotspeed * Time.deltaTime);
this.transform.Translate(0, 0, Time.deltaTime * speed);
if(direction.magnitude < accuracyWP)
{
path.Remove(path[currentWP]);
currentWP = FindClosestWP();
}
}
}
This is the error
I couldn't see which line the error was coming from but in Update the currentWP variable is being used without checking if it is a valid value (or if the path variable is valid). I'd recommend as a minimum adding a check in Update for that, something like:
if (path != null && currentWP >= 0 && currentWP < path.Count)
{
// existing Update logic goes here
}
If that doesn't resolve it then grab a full copy of the error log from it. It will indicate the line number in the file and that'll help narrow it down.
I don't think this is causing the problem but worth noting that in FindClosestWP it looks like it always skips the first waypoint in the list? the index is starting at 1 rather than 0, is that intentional? The lastDist calculation there also seems to always refer back to the first point rather than the most recent one (ie. currentWP). I think this line:
float lastDist = Vector3.Distance(this.transform.position, path[0].position);
might need to be
float lastDist = Vector3.Distance(this.transform.position, path[currentWP].position);
For a project I need to create Connect Four using Processing, I have created the grid which the game will be played in however I am lost when it comes to players interacting with it.
I have been told to use a 2D array however my knowledge of arrays is very limited. I am currently trying to code the bit where the program detects where a player has clicked and spawning a coin there.
int c = 8;
int r = 10;
int[][] grid = new int [c][r];
int CoinSpawn = -1;
void setup () {
size(1000, 800);
}
void draw () {
background(1, 1, 1);
translate(100, 100);
noStroke();
drawColumns();
drawRows();
}
void keyPressed () {
for (int i=0; i<grid.length-1; i++) {
grid[i][i] = grid[i+1][i+1];
}
}
void drawRows(){
for (int i=0; i < r; i++){
int x = 80;
x = x * i;
translate(x,0);
drawColumns();
translate(-x,0);
}
}
void drawColumns(){
for (int i=0; i < c; i++){
int y = 80;
y = y * i;
translate(0,y);
drawCell();
translate(0,-y);
}
}
void drawCell(){
fill(0,0,255);
rect(0,0,80,80);
noFill();
fill(0);
ellipseMode(CENTER);
translate(40,40);
ellipse(0,0,75,75);
noFill();
translate(-40,-40);
}
Would I be able to assign the 2D array to the grid? so that each slot in the grid represents an element from the array? That is the best option I can see at the moment however I have no idea how to do it.
I really appreciate any replies as I am completely lost at the moment.
You have a pretty good start, I made a lot more changes than I had planned... got a little into it!
Let me know if you have any questions, I did use one simple OOP class called cell that tracks the value and the cell's position, as well as provides a display function, I converted a lot of your variables and hard coded numbers to constants (starts with final and has the same value for the entire program)
you will notice I left the win conditions to you!
I hope this is helpful, I feel like seeing 2D arrays used in a context you are familiar with might help you understand them!
My normal process using 2D arrays for processing:
use Setup() to set initial array values
use Draw() to call each of the item's display function
use other functions to modify the array data, which the display function of the cell knows how to display
Main File
// Grid Size constants
final int GRID_COLUMNS = 10;
final int GRID_ROWS = 8;
// Display constants
final int CELL_SCALE = 80;
final int COIN_RADIUS = 75;
final int BOARD_PADDING = 100;
final color[] PLAYER_COLORS = new color[]{color(0), color(200, 10, 10), color(200, 200, 10)};
// cell values
final int EMPTY_CELL = 0;
final int PLAYER_1 = 1;
final int PLAYER_2 = 2;
// game data
Cell[][] grid = new Cell [GRID_COLUMNS][GRID_ROWS];
int currentPlayer;
void setup () {
size(1000, 800);
ellipseMode(CENTER); // only needs to be set once per sketch
setupBlankBoard();
}
// method to populate the array with blank cells, used to initiate and reset the game
void setupBlankBoard() {
currentPlayer = PLAYER_1; // reset game and start with first player
// populate array
for (int y=0; y < GRID_ROWS; y++) { // for every vertical row,
for (int x=0; x < GRID_COLUMNS; x++) { // for every horizontal cell in that row
// rather than translates I prefer to calculate the actual x,y position and just display it there,
// we add the padding offset to every cell, and then take the column/row times the width of the square cell
grid[x][y] = new Cell(BOARD_PADDING+x*CELL_SCALE, BOARD_PADDING+y*CELL_SCALE);
}
}
}
void changePlayers() {
if (currentPlayer == PLAYER_1) {
currentPlayer = PLAYER_2;
} else {
// already was player 2, so change to 1
currentPlayer = PLAYER_1;
}
}
boolean placeCoin(int column) {
boolean coinPlaced = false;
// now we know the column, we need to find the lowest cell in that column that is empty
for (int y = GRID_ROWS-1; y >= 0; y-- ) { // let's start at bottom and move up to reduce computations
// for every cell, test if it is empty
if (grid[column][y].isEmpty()) {
// if found a valid cell, place current players token and exit the loop (break)
grid[column][y].setValue(currentPlayer);
coinPlaced = true;
break;
}
}
return coinPlaced;
}
void checkCoins() {
// scan the array for 4 of the same value in a row
for (int y=0; y < GRID_ROWS; y++) { // for every vertical row,
for (int x=0; x < GRID_COLUMNS; x++) { // for every horizontal cell in that row
//grid[x][y]
// I will leave this to you ;)
// keep in mind to check neighbors all you need to do is add or subtract 1 from the x or y value
// however when you are at the edge of the board be careful not to try and look at a neighbor that is off the edge, you will get a null pointer or an array out of bounds exception
if (x+1<GRID_COLUMNS) {
Cell toTheRight = grid[x+1][y];
}
// for each cell you could look at the 3 above the current, 3 below the current, 3 to the right and 3 to the left, 3 diagnal in each direction and then manually try and find 4 adjacent same color cells
// or a bit more complicated is a recursive solution that checks its 8 immediate neighbor and for each that match the center cell run the same function to test its 8 neighbors keeping track of the current inARowCount and returning true when it is found.
// would be a bit hard because you would need to make sure the second cell doesn't follow back to the original cell, and start an endless loop
}
}
}
void draw () {
background(1, 1, 1);
noStroke();
// draw all cells
for (int y=0; y < GRID_ROWS; y++) { // for every vertical row,
for (int x=0; x < GRID_COLUMNS; x++) { // for every horizontal cell in that row
grid[x][y].display(); // draw this cell
}
}
// draw next coin floating above the board, contrain its positon to above the board
fill(PLAYER_COLORS[currentPlayer]);
int currentMouseX = constrain(mouseX, BOARD_PADDING+COIN_RADIUS/2, BOARD_PADDING+(GRID_COLUMNS*CELL_SCALE)-COIN_RADIUS/2);
//currentMouseX = 40*(ceil(abs(currentMouseX/40)));
ellipse(currentMouseX, BOARD_PADDING/2, COIN_RADIUS, COIN_RADIUS);
}
// press any key to rest the game, probably want to test for a certain key here!
void keyPressed () {
setupBlankBoard();
}
// on press attempt to place a coin
void mousePressed() {
int currentMouseX = constrain(mouseX, BOARD_PADDING+COIN_RADIUS/2, BOARD_PADDING+(GRID_COLUMNS*CELL_SCALE)-COIN_RADIUS/2);
// determine what column we are over
int column = (currentMouseX - BOARD_PADDING)/CELL_SCALE;
// if choice is a valid coin placement
if (placeCoin(column)) {
// toggle players if a coin was placed
changePlayers();
// after each placement check win conditions
checkCoins();
}
}
Cell Class
class Cell {
int x, y;
int value; // 0 for empty, 1 for team 1, 2 for team 2 (constants defined at top of main file)
Cell(int x, int y) {
// default constructor to create empty cell
this(x, y, EMPTY_CELL);
}
// allows cell value to be set at creation
Cell(int x, int y, int value) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.value = value;
}
boolean setValue(int value){
value = constrain(value, EMPTY_CELL,PLAYER_2); // keeps it from setting a value outside of our range
if(this.value == EMPTY_CELL){
this.value = value;
return true; // placed
}
return false; // was not able to place it as there is already a value
}
boolean isEmpty(){
return this.value == EMPTY_CELL;
}
void display() {
fill(0, 0, 255);
rect(this.x, this.y, CELL_SCALE, CELL_SCALE);
// Draw Circle color based on current value, could simply just put fill(playerColors[this.value]); but this seems a bit more clear
if(this.value == EMPTY_CELL){
fill(PLAYER_COLORS[EMPTY_CELL]);
}else if(this.value == PLAYER_1){
fill(PLAYER_COLORS[PLAYER_1]); // red
}else if(this.value == PLAYER_2){
fill(PLAYER_COLORS[PLAYER_2]); // yellow
}
ellipse(this.x + CELL_SCALE/2, this.y + CELL_SCALE/2, COIN_RADIUS, COIN_RADIUS);
}
}
I want to make a group of array fade out until the last array in this group was appended. for example, I use append to create zoog[0], zoog[1], zoog[2], and I want these three objects not fadeout until zoog[2] is created and wait for a second, the same situation with zoog[3], zoog[4],zoog[5], these three objects don't fadeout until zoog[5] is created. But now what I can do is make each object fadeout as soon as it is created.
Zoog[]zoog = new Zoog[1];
float count=0;
int xpos =0;
int ypos =0;
String message="haha";
int ntextsize = 20;
int nopacity =200;
int thistime = 0;
int thiscount = 0;
//Zoog zoog;
void setup() {
size(400, 400);
xpos = int(random(width/2-200, width/2+40));
ypos = int(random(height/2, height/2-40));
zoog[0] = new Zoog(xpos,ypos,message,nopacity);
}
void draw(){
background(255,255,255);
for(int i=0; i<zoog.length; i++){
// if(millis()-thistime>4000){
// zoog[i].disappear();
// }
zoog[i].jiggle();
zoog[i].display();
}
}
void mousePressed(){
count = count + 1;
// int thiscount = 0;
if(count%3 ==0){
xpos=int(random(30, width-30));
ypos=int(random(10, height-10));
}
else{
ypos = ypos+50;
// thiscount = thiscount +1;
// thistime = millis();
// }
}
nopacity = int(random(100,255));
// text(message, xpos, ypos);
Zoog b = new Zoog(xpos,ypos,message,nopacity);
zoog =(Zoog[]) append(zoog,b);
}
Zoog class
class Zoog {
int x;
int y;
String thatmessage;
int opaci =0;
Zoog(int xpo, int ypo, String thismessage, int opa) {
x = xpo;
y = ypo;
thatmessage = thismessage;
opaci = opa;
}
void jiggle() {
x = x+int(random(-2, 2));
y = y+int(random(-2, 2));
}
void display() {
fill(0, opaci);
text(thatmessage, x, y);
print("x position is "+ x);
print("y position is "+y);
}
void disappear() {
for (int j=0; j<255; j++) {
opaci = opaci -j;
}
}
}
If I understand correctly you want to make 3 zoogs and then start fading those three out until they're gone. If this is correct there are a couple of ways I'd go about doing this.
First, I wouldn't use an array especially if you're dynamically updating the amount inside it. If you want to do that I'd use, arraylists. Here's the javadocs reference. Basically you'd initialize an arraylist of Zoogs and put the zoog.add(new Zoog...) in the mousepressed. The good thing about arraylists is that they have a number of member functions that can help you manipulate them. For instance, you can check the size of the arraylist in your draw function instead of the time. Once you're above 3 start fading the first 3 out until they're dead (using a Zoog member function to say they're dead). You can check that "isDead" member function in your draw loop and remove the correct dead Zoog while in your for loop.
Here's a rough implementation, assuming you created an isDead function in your Zoog class that just returns whether the opacity is greater than 0:
void Draw()
{
for (Zoog zoog : zoogs) //for each statement simplifying the code -
//says for each Zoog in zoogs do
{
zoog.jiggle();
zoog.display();
}
if(zoogs.size() >= 3) {
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
zoogs.get(i).disappear();
}
}
if (zoogs.get(0).isDead() && zoogs.get(1).isDead() && zoogs.get(2).isDead()) {
zoogs.remove(2);
zoogs.remove(1);
zoogs.remove(0);
}
}
This is by no means a perfect example but it shows how to remove 3 zoogs at a time by lessening their opacity and checking whether they are dead. If you're clicking a million times then it will take a while for each chain of three to die.
I explained that horridly in the title, and I apologize, am very new to java and don't quite understand some of it yet.
Anyway,
My cat animation runs to the middle of the screen, scratches twice, then continues to run to the end, is there anyway to write a method that will take an INT NUM and make the cat scratch x amount of times? Not sure how to go about doing this.
Any help would be much appreciated
Here is my current code
/** Run the animation. */
public void nekoRun() {
moveIn();
scratch();
//scratch2(5);
moveOut();
}
/* Move Neko to the centre of the panel. */
private void moveIn() {
for (int i = 0; i < getWidth()/2; i+=10) {
xPos = i;
// swap images
if (currentImage == nekoPics[0])
currentImage = nekoPics[1];
else
currentImage = nekoPics[0];
repaint();
pause(150);
}
}
//neko stops and scratches in the middle of the panel twice
private void scratch() {
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
// Swap images.
currentImageIndex = nextImageList[currentImageIndex];
currentImage = nekoPics[currentImageIndex];
repaint();
pause(150);
}
}
//Neko runs to the end of the panel
private void moveOut() {
for (int i = xPos; i < getWidth(); i+=10) {
xPos = i;
// swap images
if (currentImage == nekoPics[0])
currentImage = nekoPics[1];
else
currentImage = nekoPics[0];
repaint();
pause(150);
}
}
For this issue, I have done research, but I am not sure I have been searching for the right terms? Maybe someone can help...
I am writing an app in openframeworks that is basically a sound visualizer. What I am trying to do is have the program create and draw a rectangle at a certain point, the height of which is determined by the frequency of audio input at the moment of the rectangle's creation. Then, I want the program to draw another rectangle next to it, the height of which determined by the frequency at THAT moment, so forth and so on. (I am also planning to pan this to the left every time, so that it is creating a very long chain of rectangles).
The rectangles are going to look like buildings (drawing a city scape as it goes), so I have created a class of them with very simple attributes: position, height, etc. and the main work (correct me if I am wrong) is going to be in the main part of the application.
The problems I have been having are in the drawing of the object and then having its height correspond to a frequency. Also, I don't want the height of the rectangle to change once it is created, so I am having trouble getting that to happen correctly. Right now, I have only managed to create a single large rectangle that flickers up and down with the sound input.
I am not entirely sure how I should be adding to the vector an object with the correct attributes each second and having that instance of the object's property stay static.
I am not sure if I am asking the right questions correctly, but maybe someone can help?
Here is the top level of the app code:
#include "testApp.h"
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void testApp::setup(){
ofSetFrameRate(60);
ofBackground(0,30,60);
//sound stream setup and such
ofSoundStreamSetup(0,2,this, 44100, BUFFER_SIZE, 4);
left = new float[BUFFER_SIZE];
right = new float[BUFFER_SIZE];
FFTanalyzer.setup(44100, BUFFER_SIZE/2, 1);
FFTanalyzer.peakHoldTime = 15; // hold longer
FFTanalyzer.peakDecayRate = 0.95f; // decay slower
FFTanalyzer.linearEQIntercept = 0.9f; // reduced gain at lowest frequency
FFTanalyzer.linearEQSlope = 0.01f; // increasing gain at higher frequencies
numOctaves=1;
//control panel setup
panel.setup("control", 770, 0, 300, 150);
panel.addPanel("fft settings", 1, false);
panel.setWhichPanel("fft settings");
panel.addSlider("Number of Sub Octaves","NUM_OCT", 1, 1,12, false);
//set up buildings
for (int i = 0; i < bldgs.size() ; i+= 20){
}
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void testApp::update(){
panel.update();
if(numOctaves != panel.getValueI("NUM_OCT")){
numOctaves = panel.getValueI("NUM_OCT");
panel.setValueI("NUM_OCT", numOctaves,0);
FFTanalyzer.setup(44100, BUFFER_SIZE/2, numOctaves);
}
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void testApp::draw(){
panel.draw();
static int index=0;
float avg_power = 0.0f;
/* do the FFT */
myfft.powerSpectrum(0,(int)BUFFER_SIZE/2, left,BUFFER_SIZE,&magnitude[0],&phase[0],&power[0],&avg_power);
for (int i = 0; i < (int)(BUFFER_SIZE/2); i++){
freq[i] = magnitude[i];
}
FFTanalyzer.calculate(freq);
float binDrawWidth = (ofGetWidth()-20)/FFTanalyzer.nAverages;
//float bldgHeighTemp;
for (int i = 0; i < 1000 ; i+=30){
for (int f = 0; f < (int)(BUFFER_SIZE/2); f++){
bldg temp;
freqs[i] = freq[f]*-6;
temp.bldgPosX = i;
temp.bldgPosY = ofGetHeight()/2;
temp.bldgWidth = 30;
temp.bldgHeight = freqs[i];
temp.draw();
bldgs.push_back(temp);
}
}
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void testApp::keyPressed(int key){
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void testApp::keyReleased(int key){
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void testApp::mouseMoved(int x, int y ){
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void testApp::mouseDragged(int x, int y, int button){
panel.mouseDragged(x,y,button);
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void testApp::mousePressed(int x, int y, int button){
panel.mousePressed(x,y,button);
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void testApp::mouseReleased(int x, int y, int button){
panel.mouseReleased();
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void testApp::windowResized(int w, int h){
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void testApp::audioReceived (float * input, int bufferSize, int nChannels){
// samples are "interleaved"
for (int i = 0; i < bufferSize; i++){
left[i] = input[i*2];
right[i] = input[i*2+1];
}
}
[edit] testapp.h
#ifndef _TEST_APP
#define _TEST_APP
#include "ofMain.h"
#include "fft.h"
#include "FFTOctaveAnalyzer.h"
#include "ofxControlPanel.h"
#include "bldg.h"
#define BUFFER_SIZE 512
class testApp : public ofBaseApp{
public:
void setup();
void update();
void draw();
void keyPressed (int key);
void keyReleased(int key);
void mouseMoved(int x, int y );
void mouseDragged(int x, int y, int button);
void mousePressed(int x, int y, int button);
void mouseReleased(int x, int y, int button);
void windowResized(int w, int h);
void audioReceived (float * input, int bufferSize, int nChannels);
ofxControlPanel panel;
int numOctaves;
FFTOctaveAnalyzer FFTanalyzer;
float * left;
float * right;
int bufferCounter;
fft myfft;
float magnitude[BUFFER_SIZE];
float phase[BUFFER_SIZE];
float power[BUFFER_SIZE];
float freq[BUFFER_SIZE/2];
vector <float> freqs;
vector <bldg> bldgs;
};
#endif
what isn't working is that it isn't creating single instances of the object and/or each instance's attributes are constantly changing according to frequency, which isn't the behavior I'm trying to achieve; what I want is for each object to be created at a certain height and stay that way, then a new ones created next to it so forth and so on, like every second or so.
Make any sense? I am still trying to figure out how to ask the right questions.
Thanks,
Bree
Ok as far as I understand your problem you need to do this, maybe this helps:
Try to store pointers in your bldgs vector
vector<bldg*> bldgs;
and add new objects to it with
bldg* temp;
freqs[i] = freq[f]*-6;
temp->bldgPosX = i;
temp->bldgPosY = ofGetHeight()/2;
temp->bldgWidth = 30;
temp->bldgHeight = freqs[i];
bldgs.push_back(temp);
remove the draw method from here and draw every bldg on every frame. add this to your draw method:
for(int i = 0; i < bldgs.size(); i++)
{
bldgs[i]->draw();
}
it would be a better practise to move everything not directly related to draw to put in the update method of your testApp. so for example move your creation and filling the vector stuff to the update method.