SQL Server: What's wrong with this dynamic pivot? - sql-server

Question

I am trying to create a dynamic pivot but it keeps telling me "you must declare the table variable #venta".
Here is the code, what am I doing wrong?
DECLARE #venta TABLE
(
LAPSO_DOC CHAR(6),
ID_EXT_ITM CHAR(3),
ID_TALLA CHAR(6),
VENTA INT
)
INSERT INTO #venta
VALUES
('201601', 'VER', 'L', '20'),
('201603', 'ROJ', 'XL', '40'),
('201604', 'NEG', 'S', '60'),
('201608', 'BLA', 'M', '80');
DECLARE #columns NVARCHAR(MAX), #sql NVARCHAR(MAX);
SELECT #columns=STUFF ((SELECT DISTINCT'],['+ LAPSO_DOC
FROM #venta
GROUP BY '],['+LAPSO_DOC FOR XML PATH('') ),1,2,'')+']'
SET #sql = 'SELECT
(
SELECT LAPSO_DOC,ID_EXT_ITM,ID_TALLA,VENTA
FROM #venta
)
PIVOT
(
SUM(CANTIDAD_CAP) FOR LAPSO_DOC IN ('+#columns+')
) AS y;';
EXECUTE (#sql)

Answer 1

It is a scope issue.
The table variable is not available to the dynamic sql
Perhaps drop it down to a temp table

Answer 2

There are more problems with your query than you expect...
CREATE TABLE #venta (
LAPSO_DOC char(6),
ID_EXT_ITM char(3),
ID_TALLA char(6),
VENTA int
)
INSERT INTO #venta
VALUES ('201601', 'VER', 'L', '20'),
('201603', 'ROJ', 'XL', '40'),
('201604', 'NEG', 'S', '60'),
('201608', 'BLA', 'M', '80');
DECLARE #columns nvarchar(max),
#sql nvarchar(max);
SELECT
#columns = STUFF((SELECT DISTINCT
'],[' + LAPSO_DOC
FROM #venta
GROUP BY '],[' + LAPSO_DOC
FOR xml PATH (''))
, 1, 2, '') + ']'
SET #sql = 'SELECT ID_EXT_ITM,ID_TALLA,' + #columns + '
FROM #venta
PIVOT
(
SUM(VENTA) FOR LAPSO_DOC IN (' + #columns + ')
) AS y;';
EXEC (#sql)
DROP TABLE #venta
As #John Cappelletti stated, you can't use table variable in a dynamic SQL; unless you have a Table type defined in database or move to a Temp table.
There is error in your logic. I'm quite not sure what you are trying to achieve, but the above code gives you error-free output.
You don't have CANTIDAD_CAP column anywhere defined but used in in SQL.
You are not supposed to SELECT the column LAPSO_DOC
You may better study some online articles on PIVOT - like this and this.
EDIT:
A coding standard
NEVER declare a column name same as table name, and vice versa.