Read file word by word and output WITH white spaces - c

Question

The input text file is like so:
Hello my
name is
mark.
and
im
going
to
love
c!
Code:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
FILE *pFile;
char x[60];
pFile = fopen("test0.txt","r");
if(pFile != NULL){
while(fscanf(pFile, " %60s", x) == 1){
printf("%s",x);
}
}
}
Output text file is:
Hellomynameismark.andimgoingtolovec!
I want the Output to be like:
Hello my name is mark. and im going to love c!
Very new C programmer so only know the basics.
Edit----
int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
FILE *pFile;
char x[60],line[60];
pFile = fopen("test0.txt","r");
while(!feof(pFile)){
fgets(line, 60, pFile);
strtok(line, "\r\n");
printf("%s", line );
}
fclose(pFile);
Output:
Hello myname is mark.andim goingtolovec!
This does not leave spaces between new lines. However if I take out the strtok line the output will be like this:
Hello my
name is
mark.
and
im
going
to
love
c!
--Edit
.sp 2
.ce
This is an example file for formatting.
.sp 1
The above line
was formatted using a .ce 1 command, which means 'centre
the following line',
so it should appear in the
centre of the page.
The paragraph was separated from the heading using
a .sp 1 command to create a single blank line.
There should also be two blank lines above the centred heading to make reading it slightly easier.

Answer 1

The simple answer is:
while(fscanf(pFile, " %59[^\n]%*c", x) == 1)
Here %[^\n] uses the character class [stuff] to read everything up to the newline. %*c simply reads and discards the newline without adding it to the match count for fscanf.
However for line-oriented input, you should really use one of the line-oriented functions provided by the standard library (e.g. fgets or POSIX getline).
Using fgets & strtok
As you have taken from the comment, the use of feof is going to cause you nothing but grief. You will want to simply use the return of fgets to determine end of file. Here is an example that puts all the pieces of the puzzle together:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAXWDS 20
#define MAXCHR 60
int main (int argc, char **argv) {
char line[MAXCHR] = {0};
char *words[MAXWDS] = {NULL};
FILE *pFile = NULL;
size_t i, index = 0;
/* open file for reading (if provided), or read from stdin */
if (!(pFile = argc > 1 ? fopen (argv[1], "r") : stdin)) {
fprintf (stderr, "error: file open failed '%s'.\n", argv[1]);
return 1;
}
while (fgets (line, 60, pFile))
{
char *p = line;
/* split line into tokens, stored in words[] */
for (p = strtok (p, " \r\n"); p; p = strtok (NULL, " \r\n")) {
words[index++] = strdup (p); /* allocate & copy */
if (index == MAXWDS) /* check pointer limit */
break;
}
}
if (pFile != stdin) fclose (pFile);
/* output in a single line */
for (i = 0; i < index; i++) {
printf (" %s", words[i]);
free (words[i]); /* free allocated memory */
}
putchar ('\n');
return 0;
}
Compile
gcc -Wall -Wextra -o bin/fgets_strtok fgets_strtok.c
Output
$ ./bin/fgets_strtok dat/hellomark.txt
Hello my name is mark. and im going to love c!
Note: to simply print the line out with spaces between the words, as long as there is already a space between each of the words in each line, there is no reason to go to the trouble to separate each line into individual words, you can simply print the contents of each line out in a space separate fashion. The only issue you run into using fgets is that it will also read the newline (or carriage return, newline) as part of the string. That is simple to remove. You can replace the entire read loop with:
while (fgets (line, 60, pFile))
{
size_t len = strlen (line);
/* strip trailing newline (or carriage return newline ) */
while (len && (line[len-1] == '\n' || line[len-1] == '\r'))
line[--len] = 0; /* overwrite with null-terminating char */
words[index++] = strdup (line); /* allocate & copy */
if (index == MAXWDS) /* check pointer limit */
break;
}
Output
$ ./bin/fgets_mark <dat/hellomark.txt
Hello my name is mark. and im going to love c!
Standard Way to Read from File Only (not File or stdin)
I apologize for the getting ahead of you a bit by including a way to either open a file (if provided on the command line) or read from stdin (if no filename was provided). The standard way is to first check that the correct number of arguments were provided on the command line, and then open the filename provided, validate it is open, and then process input. What I did was throw a ternary operator into the fopen command that said.
pFile = argc > 1 ? fopen (argv[1], "r") : stdin
The right side of the '=' sign is a ternary operator, which is simply a shorthand for if -> then -> else. What it does is ask is argc > 1? If that tests true, then pFile = fopen (argv[1], "r");. If argc > 1 tests false, then pFile = stdin;
See if the standard way makes more sense:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAXWDS 20
#define MAXCHR 60
int main (int argc, char **argv) {
char line[MAXCHR] = {0};
char *words[MAXWDS] = {NULL};
FILE *pFile = NULL;
size_t i, index = 0;
/* validate sufficient input */
if (argc < 2 ) {
fprintf (stderr, "error: insufficient input, usage: %s filename\n", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
/* open file provided on command line for reading */
pFile = fopen (argv[1], "r");
if (!pFile) {
fprintf (stderr, "error: file open failed '%s'.\n", argv[1]);
return 1;
}
while (fgets (line, 60, pFile)) /* read each line in file */
{
size_t len = strlen (line);
/* strip trailing newline (or carriage return newline ) */
while (len && (line[len-1] == '\n' || line[len-1] == '\r'))
line[--len] = 0; /* overwrite with null-terminating char */
words[index++] = strdup (line); /* allocate & copy */
if (index == MAXWDS) /* check pointer limit */
break;
}
if (pFile != stdin) fclose (pFile);
/* output in a single line */
for (i = 0; i < index; i++) {
printf (" %s", words[i]);
free (words[i]); /* free allocated memory */
}
putchar ('\n');
return 0;
}

Answer 2

A simple state machine does the trick - no line length limitation.
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
FILE *pFile = fopen("test0.txt","r");
if(pFile != NULL) {
int previous_isspace = 0;
int ch;
for (;;) {
ch = fgetc(pFile);
if (ch == EOF) break;
if (isspace(ch)) {
previous_isspace = 1;
} else {
if (previous_isspace == 1) {
fputc(' ', stdout);
}
previous_isspace = 0;
fputc(ch, stdout);
}
}
fclose(pFile);
fputc('\n', stdout); // If code should have a \n at the end
}
}

Answer 3

I think, It is sufficient take a look am i miss anything.
if(pFile != NULL){
// while(fscanf(pFile, " %60s", x) == 1){
while (fgets(x, sizeof(x), pFile) != NULL) {
token = strtok(x,"\r\n");
if(token != NULL)
printf("%s ",x);
else
printf("%s",x);
}
fclose(pFile);
}