Moved Oracle 11.2 XE Database Directory, Connected to Idle Instance - database

Question

So I will start off by stating I have moved the regular install location of Oracle 11.2 XE to a logical volume (/oracle) I had created on my RHEL 6.6 server. After shutting down both the database and the Oracle listener, I performed...
$ cp -R /u01/app/* /oracle
$ rm -rf /u01/app/oracl
$ ln -s /oracle/oracle /u01/app/oracle
Then restarted the listener and the database. Now when I attempt to run the following as the user 'oracle' I get a message...
$ sqlplus
Enter user-name: sys / as sysdba
Enter password: ****
Connected to idle instance.
Further, when I attempt a startup I get an error.
> startup
ORA-45301: XE Edition single instance violation error
I have attempted the solutions found here to no avail.
Here is the output for my listener controller:
bash-4.1$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production on 10-MAR-2015 10:26:25
Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC_FOR_XE)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 10-MAR-2015 10:25:57
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 28 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Default Service XE
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/dev/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC_FOR_XE)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=dev)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
I'm really quite lost as to what to attempt next. I know I could just reinstall and keep the directory in its proper location but I need it to be in it's own logical volume.
EDIT
Some further information to help clarify my system...
bash-4.1$ env | grep ORA
ORACLE_SID=XE
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe
bash-4.1$ env | grep TNS
TNS_ADMIN=/oracle/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/network/admin
bash-4.1$ ps -aux | grep pmon
oracle 2431 0.0 0.2 1265956 16652 ? Ss 11:43 0:00 xe_pmon_XE
FURTHER EDIT
Attempting to sign in to sqlplus using the SYSTEM user returned an error:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
FURTHER EDIT
Output of the ipcs command
bash-4.1$ ipcs
------ Shared Memory Segments --------
key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status
0xc0a59444 32768 oracle 660 4096 0
------ Semaphore Arrays --------
key semid owner perms nsems
0xd4a9963c 229378 oracle 660 104
0x884d8f34 491523 oracle 660 104
------ Message Queues --------
key msqid owner perms used-bytes messages

Answer 1

Check output of ipcs command and try to delete all shared memory segments/semaphores owned by Oracle.
When Oracle starts it uses two strings ORACLE_SID(uppercase) and ORACLE_HOME, hashes these two strings and uses this hash value a key for shmget call. So even if you append slash / to ORACLE_HOME everything is different from Oracle's perspective - even if the disk path is the same.
So I think you moved ORACLE_HOME into some other location, but the old value was preserved somewhere and now Oracle thinks that you are trying to start multiple instances.
EDITED: I'm not sure about XE, but regular Oracle editions are shipped as a bunch of .o object files. These files are linked during installation, but you can also re-link Oracle anytime. Check the script $ORACLE_HOME/bin/relink if the old ORACLE_HOME is hardcoded in it. And then try to re-link all libraries by executing relink all. Also note that Oracle uses link option -Wl,-rpath=..., so some Oracle binaries have library search patch compiled in them.
For Standard/Enterprise edition it is not problem to copy binaries into different Oracle home.

Answer 2

Check in /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/dbs/ if you have renamed your XE database or attempted to create a new one, you must be sure there is only one database known by xe. It's limited to one instance.
/etc/init.d/oracle-xe stop
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/dbs/
rename any unused pwfile and spfile to .old
/etc/init.d/oracle-xe start

Answer 3

Issue was a wrong entry in tsnnames.ora (I had added a line that shouldn't of been there) and as well the permissions for my /oracle directory were incorrect. Thank you to everyone who tried to help, it was greatly appreciated.