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I want to learn UI programming, you know like windows applications such as chrome, firefox and many others, and i already know C.
So what language should i learn next?
What you are looking for is a GUI toolkit, not a new language. If you want to stick with C, GTK+ is a decent library and works on Windows, Linux and OS X. If you want to move to C++, Qt does everything you could ask for (and also runs on Windows, Linux and OS X). If you want to stick with only Windows, I suggest using something like C# because it is incredibly easy to develop WinForm applications. If you want to stick with only OS X, learn Objective-C and use Xcode to build GUI applications quickly.
There are a multitude of answers to this question. Search the web for "GUI library" or "GUI toolkit" and you will find existing threads on SO that explain the differences in libraries.
If you have a C background and want to build Windows applications, then you would probably benefit from developing in C++ or C#.
C++ has the advantage of being somewhat platform-independent, in that you could then also program for linux/mac.
C# is also useful if you ever want to do a lot of web programming.
Both languages have huge support communities online.
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I know this seems like a simply question, but I'm rather curious.
Are all Mac Programs built in Objective C? Throughout my whole college experience, we have constantly been building throw away programs, ones that we simply run on a linux based command line or in an IDE like Netbeans. To be honest, I'm seriously sick and tired of it. I'm interested in building something real and meaningful, something that perhaps has a GUI or whatnot. Something that would work on any Apple OSX. Can someone give me a push in the right direction, any sources?
Thanks
Not all, but the vast majority. There are also some written in Java (like Netbeans itself), some written in C++ with Qt (like Google Earth), and so on. ObjC is definitely the most common though, and the one the OS's APIs are designed for.
Nope, but most good apps have at least the UI written in Objective-C...
there is a lot of history, in the original OS (classic) everything was written and documented in Pascal, then it migrated with the same API's to C++, then when OSX came along it made the old API's into something called Carbon, the new stuff was cocoa, and there was also a 1:1 Java mapping for most of the objects... also the os x introduced all of the Unix goodness, which gave you things like GTK, qt, and other X11 stuff....
now apple has killed most of carbon and the java bridge (you still have native java, like swing)
so you really mostly have objective-C for the UI, for the model layer and guts you can use pretty much whatever you want.
I guess if you want to upload your app to the App Store it will have to be in Objective-C.
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I have seen a few programs that use simple GUI-like interfaces made out of text. A good example would be links (see screenshots below).
Are there any C libraries for creating this sort of thing out there? I would ideally like mouse support but that is not strictly necessary. Cross-platform is good but I really only need it for *nix-like systems (including mac). I don't have a great deal of experience with C but I know my way around it, coming from C++.
If libraries aren't available, how would one go about coding this kind of thing from scratch?
Screenshots of the kind of thing I want:
EDIT: Yes, I know about curses/ncurses, but does anyone know of any good tutorials to make this kind of program with it?
You could have a look at CDK--
project home page.
This is a set of widgets for Menus, pulldowns etc. wrapped around the basic ncurses library so your coding is at a much higher level and a lot of the intricacies and gotchas of ncurses are already dealt with.
Try ncurses - this is a library which with you may create such GUI environments under console.
The best tutorial I know for curses is Using C With Curses, Lex, and Yacc: Building a Window Shell for Unix System V, by Axel-Tobias Schreiner
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I have only have basic knowledge of C, and now I want to expand ot. I want to study 2D game programming in C. Is it that a possibility? Is there an engine I may use?
Take a look at the SDL Library:
Simple DirectMedia Layer is a cross-platform development library designed to provide low level access to audio, keyboard, mouse, joystick, and graphics hardware via OpenGL and Direct3D. SDL is written in C, works natively with C++.
So you can use it with both C++ and C.
Likewise, you can also take a look at the SFML Library (Which is native for C++, but has bindings for C as well):
SFML provides a simple interface to the various components of your PC, to ease the development of games and multimedia applications. It is composed of five modules: system, window, graphics, audio and network.
Personally I would suggest SFML more, since it seems to have better support for OpenGL and personally is easier to program in.
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What small open source projects in C are interesting for learning good design?
The project should be:
Not too large (like the linux kernel)
Well documented
Perhaps still under active development
I've just started learning C, and while the language itself is not too difficult, i'm struggling how to design larger applications, so i thought checking out other open source projects would be a good starting point.
Thanks!
Redis (nosql db) is:
under active development
a manageable size
portable and robust
has no external dependancies
very well written, understandable code
In my opinion, good examples of moderately sized projects written in C are:
GNU Scientific Library (besides the source code, don't miss their design document)
Kazlib
Git
Posix threads are a perfect example of good C design
I like gnucash: http://www.gnucash.org/
No too large like Linux kernel, but still big I think.
You can start learning from small and well structured applications like http://abygaelle.guillaume-fr.net/trac/gemmes
It all depends what kind of projects you are interested in. And what aspect of it (specific algorithms, UI, networking, etc, etc...)
Head over to freshmeat, sourceforge or ohloh and browse the projects for your area of interest.
Alternatively if you want to look at projects that were chosen for a particular reason google summer of code might be interesting for you - even though these rarely include full projects.
EDIT:
Also alternatively, you might take something like linux kernel, but instead of trying to understand everything try to
get the big picture
then concentrate on one tiny piece of it and inspect how the code changed over time (and for what reasons - it should be quite well documented)
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I'm looking for a library for C that gives me at least some of the things I really miss from C++ and the STL/Boost. (I have to use C, so please no "use C++" posts)
I need
dynamic strings (that grow and shrink automatically)
some sort of list (std::vector replacement)
something like stringstream (for type conversations & buffers)
Furthermore, it has to have a mature and Open Source implementation and it has to be platform independant (Windows, Linux and Mac are required to be supported).
Any recommendations?
What about the GLib from GTK?
I'd recommend the Apache Portable Runtime. It's reasonably small, portable, and powerful - powers the Apache httpd across multiple platforms, at least.
You could always consider embedding a dynamic language runtime in your application. The Lua core is not large at all, provides data types that meet your requirements, is open source, and MIT licensed so it is compatible with both FOSS and commercial projects.
You wouldn't necessarily need to use code written in Lua to benefit, as its C API provides complete access to its data types and their values. However, you could later move some of the logic of your application into Lua, for the improved clarity of expression and other benefits of coding in a dynamic language with functions as first-class values.
Take a look at Gnulib