I am following CodeSchool's 'Anatomy of Backbone.js' and cannot get this to work on my machine. There are similar questions, but they have a lot of extra stuff going on and, for someone brand-new like me, it's making it hard to learn.
Here's the code as simple/universal as possible:
var WorldEvent = Backbone.Model.extend({});
var WorldEventView = Backbone.View.extend({
events: {
'click' : 'focusEvent'
},
focusEvent: function(){
alert('great.');
},
className : 'pin bounce',
render : function () {
console.log('did something');
this.$el.html("rendered");
return this;
}
});
var WorldEventCollection = Backbone.Collection.extend({
model: WorldEvent,
url: '/events'
});
var worldEventCollection = new WorldEventCollection();
var worldEventCollectionView = new WorldEventView({
collection: worldEventCollection,
initialize: function(){
this.collection.on('add', this.addOne, this);
this.collection.on('reset', this.addAll, this);
},
addOne: function(myEvent){
var worldEventView = new WorldEventView({ model: myEvent });
this.$el.append(worldEventView.render().el);
},
addAll: function(){
this.collection.forEach(this.addOne, this);
},
render: function(){
this.addAll();
}
});
The good news is that if I call
worldEventCollection.add(new WorldEvent( {<my data>} ));
... the new model is added to worldEventCollection - I've logged worldEventCollection and worldEventCollection.length to verify.
The bad news is that "did something" doesn't appear in the console and I see no evidence of a render.
Please help, I've wasted a ton of time on what is probably super simple. Thank you.
UPDATE
Okay, I found one of my issues. I needed to define a separate WorldEventCollectionView class altogether, so this was NOT correct:
var worldEventCollectionView = new WorldEventView({
collection: worldEventCollection,
...
Instead, I believe one correct approach is:
var WorldEventCollectionView = Backbone.View.extend({
initialize: function(){
this.collection.on('add', this.addOne, this.collection);
...
And then:
var worldEventCollectionView = new WorldEventCollectionView({ collection: worldEventCollection });
WorldEventView.render must end with return this; as per backbone view convention, otherwise chaining such as worldEventView.render().el will not work. Specifically, that will throw an exception since render() returns undefined and you try to access the .el property of undefined.
There's several other things that are not quite right about your snippet as well, but fix that first and see if you can take it from there. Generally in a view's render method, you want to populate HTML inside the view's this.$el and return this; at the end of render and really that's all you should be doing. Render has a very specific purpose and code that isn't following that basic idea and semantic belongs elsewhere.
Oh so this:
var worldEventCollectionView = new WorldEventView({
should be:
var WorldEventCollectionView = Backbone.View.extend({
Related
In the function jsonRequest below, I can log this.model to the console, but I can't call this.model.fetch(), which I thought was the appropriate way to make a request to my server (at localhost:8080/jsonapi). The error it gives me is can't call fetch of undefined. Is there something I'm doing wrong in the code below?
var MyModel = Backbone.Model.extend({
url: 'jsonapi',
});
var MyView = Backbone.View.extend({
el: '#blahblah',
initialize: function(){
},
events: {
'click #start' : 'callJsonRequest',
},
callJsonRequest: function(){
setInterval(this.jsonRequest, 1000);
},
jsonRequest: function(){
console.log("jsonrequest", this.model); //this logs the model
this.model.fetch();
},
});
window.myModel = new MyModel();
window.startStop = new StartView({model: myModel});
You likely need to use bind to make sure this is the context of your View object.
As you mentioned in the comments, you can do:
setInterval(this.jsonRequest.bind(this), 1000);
This is my second day trying to use backbone and im completely lost. I am following this tutorial - http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/javascript-ajax/build-a-contacts-manager-using-backbone-js-part-3/
What I have done is loaded a contacts list and rendered it to the screen, but if you look at my render1 function - this takes a form input and appends it to my template. The problem is that I can't delete these items after they are created - the others can be deleted. help please?
var ContactView = Backbone.View.extend({
tagName: "contacts",
className: "contact-container",
template: $("#contactTemplate").html(),
initialize: function(){
this.model.on('change', this.render, this);
this.model.on('add', this.render1, this);
this.model.on('destroy', this.remove, this);
},
events: {
'click .deleteUser': 'delete'
},
test: function () {
alert("here");
},
delete: function () {
this.model.destroy();
},
render: function () {
console.log(this);
var tmpl = _.template(this.template);
$(this.el).html(tmpl(this.model.toJSON()));
temp = tmpl(this.model.toJSON());
console.log(temp);
return this;
},
render1: function () {
console.log(this);
var tmpl = _.template(this.template);
temp = tmpl(this.model.toJSON());
temp='<contacts class="contact-container">'+temp+'</contacts>';
console.log(temp);
$("#contacts").append(temp);
$(this.el).html(tmpl(this.model.toJSON()));
return this;
}
});
var AddPerson = Backbone.View.extend({
el: $("#addPerson"),
// el: $("form/"),
events: {
'click': 'submit',
'submit': 'submit'
},
submit: function(e) {
// alert("here");
e.preventDefault();
this.collection = new Directory();
// var data = (contacts[0]);
var contact = new Contact(contacts[0]);
var contactView = new ContactView({model: contact});
this.collection.add(contact);
this.collection.add(contactView);
}
});
seasick, there are quite a few issues in this code.
var contact = new Contact(contacts[0]);
var contactView = new ContactView({model: contact});
this.collection.add(contact);
this.collection.add(contactView);
Contact is a Backbone.Model but ContactView is a Backbone.View. Yet, you are adding both to the this.collection (which I assume is a Backbone.Collection of Contact?). See the problem here? In Backbone, there is no such concept of a 'collection of views'. You just get one concept: views, that are tied to a model.
So, here, you create a Contact and you add it to the Collection. That is all! It takes care of the Model part. The rendering part needs to be handled with events and renders.
When you add a model to a collection (this.collection.add(contact)), the collection will trigger a 'add' event, that you can hook to with a .on to create a new ContactView and append it to the DOM somewhere.
So when you write this...
this.model.on('add', this.render1, this);
You are actually saying 'When the Contact model triggers an add event, run render1', which isn't what you want, what you probably want is a collection.on('add', ...). The model will never trigger an add event (well, you could make it trigger one, but it wouldn't be an expected behavior!), the add/remove events are at the collection level.
In other words, you are missing some binding on the collection in your AddPerson view to 'react' to adding a new Contact to the collection. The code of the function bound to the add event should probably look a bit like:
onAdd: function(newContact){
var newContactView = new ContactView({model: newContact});
$("#contacts").append(newContactView.render().el);
}
There are other issues in your code, but I guess an outline of the steps to take would be like:
Remove the binding to add in ContactView: ContactView is only concerned with one contact, not how to manage multiple contacts. This is probably why you are having issues with only some (the first one?) of the contacts 'working'
Move that logic to the AddContact view which seems to be more concerned with the Collection of contacts. Use the collection 'add' event to create new ContactView and append them to the DOM
Hope this helps!
Backbone.js newbie here.
General question: What is the best practice to track the number of models in a collection in order to display it on the UI? My use cases can involve changes on the server side so each time the collection is sync'd I need to be able to update the UI to the correct number from storage.
I'm using Backbone.js v1.0.0 and Underscore v1.4.4 from the amdjs project and Require.js v2.1.6.
Specific example: Simple shopping cart showing "number of items in the cart" that continually updates while the user is adding/removing items. In this example I'm almost there but (1) my code is always one below the real number of models and (2) I feel that there is a much better way to do this!
Here's my newbie code.
First, I have a collection of items that the user can add to their cart with a button. (NOTE: all AMD defines and returns are removed in code examples for brevity.)
var PackagesView = Backbone.View.extend({
el: $("#page"),
events: {
"click .addToCart": "addToCart"
},
initialize: function(id) {
this.collection = new PackagesCollection([],{id: id.id});
this.collection.fetch({
reset: true
});
this.collection.on("reset", this.render, this);
},
render: function(){
//other rendering stuff here
..............
//loop through models in collection and render each one
_.each(this.collection.models, function(item){
that.renderPackages(item);
});
}
renderPackages: function(item){
var packageView = new PackageView({
model: item
});
this.$el.append(packageView.render().el);
},
Next I have the view for each individual item in the cart PackageView which is called by the PackagesView code above. I have a "add to cart" button for each Package that has a "click" event tied to it.
var PackageView = Backbone.View.extend({
tagName:"div",
template:$(packageTemplate).html(),
events: {
"click .addToCart": "addToCart"
},
render:function () {
var tmpl = _.template(this.template);
this.$el.html(tmpl(this.model.toJSON()));
return this;
},
addToCart:function(){
cartView = new CartView();
cartView.collection.create(new CartItemModel(this.model));
}
Finally, I have a CartView that has a collection of all the items in the cart. I tried adding a listenTo method to react to changes to the collection, but it didn't stay in sync with the server either.
var CartView = Backbone.View.extend({
el: $("#page"),
initialize:function(){
this.collection = new CartCollection();
this.collection.fetch({
reset: true
});
this.listenTo(this.collection, 'add', this.updateCartBanner);
this.collection.on("reset", this.render, this);
},
render: function(){
$('#cartCount').html(this.collection.length);
},
updateCartBanner: function(){
//things did not work here. Just putting this here to show something I tried.
}
End result of specific example: The .create works correctly, PUT request sent, server adds the data to the database, "reset" event is called. However, the render() function in CartView does not show the right # of models in the collection. The first time I click a "add to cart" button the $('#cartCount') element does not get populated. Then anytime after that it does get populated but I'm minus 1 from the actual count on the server. I believe this is because I have a .create and a .fetch and the .fetch is happening before the .create finishes so I'm always 1 behind the server.
End result, I'm not structuring this the right way. Any hints in the right direction would be helpful!
You can try like this:
collection.on("add remove reset sync", renderCallback)
where renderCallback is function which refresh your UI.
Found an answer to my question, but could definitely be a better method.
If I change my code so instead of a separate view for each model in the collection as I have above, I have one view that iterates over all the models and draws then it will work. I still need to call a .create followed by a .fetch with some unexpected behavior, but the end result is correct.
Note that in this code I've completely done away with the previous PackageView and everything is drawn by PackagesView now.
var PackagesView = Backbone.View.extend({
el: $("#page"),
events: {
"click .addToCart": "addToCart"
},
initialize: function(id) {
this.collection = new PackagesCollection([],{id: id.id});
this.collection.fetch({
reset: true
});
this.collection.on("reset", this.render, this);
},
render: function(){
var that = this;
var tmpl = _.template($(packageTemplate).html());
//loop through models in collection and render each one
_.each(this.collection.models, function(item){
$(that.el).append(tmpl(item.toJSON()));
});
},
addToCart:function(e){
var id= $(e.currentTarget).data("id");
var item = this.collection.get(id);
var cartCollection = new CartCollection();
var cartItem = new CartItemModel();
cartCollection.create(new CartItemModel(item), {
wait: true,
success: function() {
console.log("in success create");
console.log(cartCollection.length);
},
error:function() {
console.log("in error create");
console.log(cartCollection.length);
}
});
cartCollection.fetch({
wait: true,
success: function() {
console.log("in success fetch");
console.log(cartCollection.length);
$('#cartCount').html(cartCollection.length);
},
error:function() {
console.log("in error fetch");
console.log(cartCollection.length);
}
});
Result: The $('#cartCount') in the .fetch callback injects the correction number of models. Unexpectedly, along with the correct .html() value the Chrome console.log return is (server side had zero models in the database to start with):
in error create PackagesView.js:88
0 PackagesView.js:89
in success fetch PackagesView.js:97
1
And I'm getting a 200 response from the create, so it should be "success" for both callbacks. I would have thought that the Backbone callback syntax for create and fetch were the same. Oh well, it seems to work.
Any feedback on this method is appreciated! Probably a better way to do this.
Incidentally this goes against the general advice here, although I do have a "very simple list" so perhaps its OK in the long run.
Hopefully this is an easy question. I'm trying to learn backbone and i'm stuck on a really simple thing. the render on the view never gets called when I update the collection by using the create method. I thought this should happen without explicitly calling render. I'm not loading anything dynamic, it's all in the dom before this script fires. The click event works just fine and I can add new models to the collection, but the render in the view never fires.
$(function(){
window.QuizMe = {};
// create a model for our quizzes
QuizMe.Quiz = Backbone.Model.extend({
// override post for now
"sync": function (){return true},
});
QuizMe._QuizCollection = Backbone.Collection.extend({
model: QuizMe.Quiz,
});
QuizMe.QuizCollection = new QuizMe._QuizCollection
QuizMe.QuizView = Backbone.View.extend({
el:$('#QuizMeApp'),
template: _.template($('#quizList').html()),
events: {
"click #addQuiz" : "addQuizDialog",
},
initialize: function() {
// is this right?
_.bindAll(this,"render","addQuizDialog")
this.model.bind('add', this.render, this);
},
addQuizDialog: function(event){
console.log('addQuizDialog called')
QuizMe.QuizCollection.create({display:"this is a display2",description:"this is a succinct description"});
},
render: function() {
console.log("render called")
},
});
QuizMe.App = new QuizMe.QuizView({model:QuizMe.Quiz})
});
Your problem is that you're binding to the model:
this.model.bind('add', this.render, this);
but you're adding to a collection:
QuizMe.QuizCollection.create({
display: "this is a display2",
description: "this is a succinct description"
});
A view will usually have an associated collection or model but not both. If you want your QuizView to list the known quizzes then:
You should probably call it QuizListView or something similar.
Create a new QuizView that displays a single quiz; this view would have a model.
Rework your QuizListView to work with a collection.
You should end up with something like this:
QuizMe.QuizListView = Backbone.View.extend({
// ...
initialize: function() {
// You don't need to bind event handlers anymore, newer
// Backbones use the right context by themselves.
_.bindAll(this, 'render');
this.collection.bind('add', this.render);
},
addQuizDialog: function(event) {
this.collection.create({
display: "this is a display2",
description: "this is a succinct description"
});
},
render: function() {
console.log("render called")
// And some stuff in here to add QuizView instances to this.$el
return this; // Your render() should always do this.
}
});
QuizMe.App = new QuizMe.QuizView({ collection: QuizMe.QuizCollection });
And watch that trailing comma after render, older IEs get upset about that and cause difficult to trace bugs.
I'd give you a quick demo but http://jsfiddle.net/ is down at the moment. When it comes back, you can start with http://jsfiddle.net/ambiguous/RRXnK/ to play around, that fiddle has all the appropriate Backbone stuff (jQuery, Backbone, and Underscore) already set up.
I've been staring at this for a while and trying various tweaks, to no avail.
Why am I getting a "this.model is undefined" error at
$(function(){
window.Sentence = Backbone.Model.extend({
initialize: function() {
console.log(this.toJSON())
}
});
window.Text = Backbone.Collection.extend({
model : Sentence,
initialize: function(models, options){
this.url = options.url;
}
});
window.SentenceView = Backbone.View.extend({
initialize : function(){
_.bindAll(this, 'render');
this.template = _.template($('#sentence_template').html());
},
render : function(){
var rendered = this.template(this.model.toJSON());
$(this.el).html(rendered);
return this;
}
})
window.TextView = Backbone.View.extend({
el : $('#notebook') ,
initialize : function(){
_.bindAll(this, 'render');
},
render : function(){
this.collection.each(function(sentence){
if (sentence === undefined){
console.log('sentence was undefined');
};
var view = new SentenceView({model: sentence});
this.$('ol#sentences').append(view.render().el);
});
return this;
}
});
function Notebook(params){
this.text = new Text(
// models
{},
// params
{
url: params.url
}
);
this.start = function(){
this.text.fetch();
this.textView = new TextView({
collection: this.text
});
$('body').append(this.textView.render().el);
};
}
window.notebook = new Notebook(
{ 'url': 'js/mandarin.js' }
);
window.notebook.start();
})
There's an online version wher eyou can see the error in a console at:
http://lotsofwords.org/languages/chinese/notebook/
The whole repo is at:
https://github.com/amundo/notebook/
The offending line appears to be at:
https://github.com/amundo/notebook/blob/master/js/notebook.js#L31
I find this perplexing because as far as I can tell the iteration in TextView.render has the right _.each syntax, I just can't figure out why the Sentence models aren't showing up as they should.
var view = new SentenceView({model: sentence});
I'm pretty sure when you pass data to a backbone view constructor, the data is added to the Backbone.View.options property.
Change this line
var rendered = this.template(this.model.toJSON());
to this
var rendered = this.template(this.options.model.toJSON());
and see if it works
UPDATE:
From the doco:
When creating a new View, the options you pass are attached to the view as this.options, for future reference. There are several special options that, if passed, will be attached directly to the view: model, collection, el, id, className, and tagName
So, disregard the above advice - the model should by default be attached directly to the object
Things to check next when debugging:
confirm from within the render() method that this is actually the SentenceView object
confirm that you are not passing in an undefined sentence here:
var view = new SentenceView({model: sentence});
UPDATE2:
It looks like the collection is borked then:
this.textView = new TextView({
collection: this.text
});
To debug it further you'll need to examine it and work out what's going on. When I looked in firebug, the collection property didn't look right to me.
You could have a timing issue too. I thought the fetch was asynchronous, so you probably don't want to assign the collection to the TextView until you are sure it has completed.
Backbone surfaces underscore.js collection methods for you so you can do this. See if this works for you:
this.collection.each(function(sentence) {
// YOUR CODE HERE
});
I think the problem is on line 48 of notebook.js shown below:
render : function(){
_(this.collection).each(function(sentence){
var view = new SentenceView({model: sentence});
this.$('ol#sentences').append(view.render().el);
});
The problem is you are wrapping the collection and you don't have to. Change it to
this.collection.each(function(sentence){ ...
hope that fixes it
EDIT:
OK i'm going to take another crack at it now that you mentioned timing in one of your comments
take a look at where you are fetching and change it to this:
this.start = function(){
this.text.fetch({
success: _.bind( function() {
this.textView = new TextView({
collection: this.text
});
$('body').append(this.textView.render().el);
}, this)
);
};
I typed this manually so there may be mismatching parentheses. The key is that fetch is async.
Hope this fixes it
try using _.each
_.each(this.collection, function(sentence){
if (sentence === undefined){
console.log('sentence was undefined');
};
var view = new SentenceView({model: sentence});
this.$('ol#sentences').append(view.render().el);
},this);