RFC 4523 describes a matching rule for X.509 certificates called certificateExactMatch (2.5.13.34). Using this rule, one should be able to execute an LDAP query to get a user object by providing only the certificate's serial number (i.e. 123) and issuer (i.e. DC=My,DC=Domain):
(userCertificate:certificateExactMatch:={ serialNumber 123, issuer "DC=My,DC=Domain" } )
or (older syntax):
(userCertificate:certificateExactMatch:=123$DC=My,DC=Domain)
Does Active Directory support certificateExactMatch? If not by default, is there a way to add this matching rule?
I know that I can search for a certificate by binary equality (e.g. (userCertificate;binary=\12\34\AB\CD...) ) but that's not what I'm looking for.
You will find in Search Filter Syntax the Microsoft documentation. I don't think that certificateExactMatch is supported there.
You can check more accuratly with Valid Syntaxes for Attributes in the Active Directory Schema
Related
I am trying to get some user attributes from Active Directry using Windows LDAP API. I am using:
Active Directory Version: The one that comes with Windows Server 2012
LDAP version: 3
Wldap32.lib version: The one that comes with Windows 10 x64
Eg:
PCHAR myAttributes[4];
myAttributes[0] = "DistinguishedName";
myAttributes[1] = "DisplayName";
myAttributes[2] = "PasswordExpired";
myAttributes[3] = "mail";
ldap_search_s(
myLdapConnection, // Ldap connection
myDomain, // DN to start search
LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE, // Scope
myFilter, // Filter
myAttributes, // Retrieve list of attributes
0, // Get both attributes and values
&mySearchResult // [out] Search results
);
It returns DistinguishedName, DisplayName and mail attributes, but does not reuturn the PasswordExpired attribute.
I queried with some other attributes and it looks like it does not return attributes with boolean values as well as the EmailAddress attribute.
Why does it not return PasswordExpired attribute?
What about EmailAddress ?
Is there a difference between EmailAddress and mail ?
There is no PasswordExpired LDAP attribute in Active Directory. To build your query look at this URL for attribute names in standard Active Directory schema https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms675090(v=vs.85).aspx. To check if password for given account is expired you'll need to check userAccountControl attribute, which is actually value storing flags of different states of user account https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms680832(v=vs.85).aspx. There is IADsUser interface that will translate this all for you in case you don't have to stick just to LDAP https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa746343(v=vs.85).aspx
You will find current primary email address in mail attribute. There is no EmailAddress LDAP attribute, unless you meant E-mail-Addresses which is CN for the same schema attribute as mail, so no difference there.
See above. In general if you do not have compelling reason to stick just to C/LDAP I'd recommend you to use .Net Framework instead. Otherwise you have a lot of work ahead of you - not just interpreting bit flags like in case of password expiration but possibly also with different authentication methods, different structures capturing time and date, accounting for timezones, UTF, chasing referrals and other stuff you might need depending on complexity of what you want to achieve. You will be productive much faster in .Net Framework. See DirectoryServices https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt481534(v=vs.110).aspx namespace or Security namespace https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt481561(v=vs.110).aspx for details.
Currently I'm using OpenDS and have to migrate to Active Directory (AD LDS).
I have a few custom attributes/objects that are defined in .ldif files in the OpenDS/config/schema directory like this:
attributeTypes: ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.99.1
NAME 'myNewAttribute'
DESC 'some text'
EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch
SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15
SINGLE-VALUE
)
objectClasses: ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.99.2
NAME 'myNewClass'
SUP top STRUCTURAL
MUST ( person $ myNewAttribute )
MAY someOtherAttribute
)
Unfortunately ldifde does not understand this format, so I used ADSI Edit to import my definitions manually one by one (cumbersome!) - but encountered some problems:
It seems AD supports only a handful of different SYNTAX definitions, like 2.5.5.12. How can I map something like 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15 to AD?
oMSyntax: Seems to be AD specific and not known to the rest of the LDAP world. oMSyntax in combination with attributeSyntax seems to define the data type in the AD world.
things like EQUALITY seem to be missing completely in AD! How to deal with this?
Question: Is there a tool to convert an LDIF file with attribute/object definitions to a format that is understood by MS / AD / ldifde?
Or a more general question: What is the best practice to migrate attribute/object definitions from OpenDS, OpenLDAP, etc. to the Microsoft world?
Welcome to the Diretories compatibility world. First of all the following syntax :
attributeTypes: ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.99.1
NAME 'myNewAttribute'
DESC 'some text'
EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch
SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15
SINGLE-VALUE
)
is not an LDIF syntax. it's a syntax used in Netscape like Directories to specify the Schema (OpenLDAP, Ex Sun directory service etc.). As far as you want to introduce new attributes and classes in Active Directory, you can do it using one of these 3 ways :
Manualy using the common ADSIEDIT.MSC (I never do it like that) :
Manualy using the specific Active Directory Scema Editor MMC (Microsoft Management Console)
This is the way I use in the development phase.
MMC.EXE -> File -> Open Component -> Active Directory Schema
If you are using an old server this MMC is only available recording an Active X component :
Regsvr32 c:\windows\system32\schmmgmt.msc
This way is much easier, it's the way I use on a development VM to create my attributes, I Then export the LDIF description with LDIFDE.EXE tool in order to clean it (remove system attributes) and import it on the production servers.
Programaticaly using LDIF
Here is an example of the LDIF syntax of an attribute
dn: CN=SlxChapitres,CN=Schema,CN=Configuration,DC=XXXX
changetype: add
objectClass: top
objectClass: attributeSchema
cn: SlxChapitres
distinguishedName: CN=SlxChapitres,CN=Schema,CN=Configuration,DC=XXXX
instanceType: 4
attributeID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.10558.2.1.6
attributeSyntax: 2.5.5.4
isSingleValued: FALSE
showInAdvancedViewOnly: TRUE
adminDisplayName: SlxChapitres
oMSyntax: 20
lDAPDisplayName: SlxChapitres
name: SlxChapitres
objectCategory: CN=Attribute-Schema,CN=Schema,CN=Configuration,DC=XXXX
This code is LDIF, I can inject it using LDIDE.EXE program the DC=XXXX syntax allowing me to use the -c DNSrc DNTarget of the LDIFFDE.EXE program option to locate it to the right DN.
As far as the Syntax and the matching rules are concerned, In my opinion Active-Directory is not so standard. Microsoft use a kind of combination between these to concepts to give one thing they call Syntax. Whenever you create a new attribute, you must specify its syntax. To uniquely identify the syntax among the total set of 21 syntaxes, you must specify 2 pieces of information: the OID of the syntax and a so-called OM syntax. This pair of values must be set together and correctly correlate with Mictosoft documention.
I'm trying to search active directory users whose manager's username is given in the search request, but I always get 0 records regardless of the manager's username I pass.
To achieve this, I executed the following LDAP query:
(manager=sAMAccountName=Administrator)
I also tried by manager's common name like this:
(manager=cn=John Smith)
Can anyone write me an LDAP query that returns all users whose manager's sAMAccountName=administrator ?
manager has distinguished name syntax, therefore, if manager is used in an assertion, the full DN must be used as the value. Neither of the examples you gave meet this criteria. You must correct the filter to use a distinguished name.
The syntax of manager:
attributeTypes: ( 0.9.2342.19200300.100.1.10 NAME 'manager'
EQUALITY distinguishedNameMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.12
X-ORIGIN 'RFC 4524' )
To determine the syntax, use the LDAP Parameters Assignment page. On that page, search for the OID following the SYNTAX keyword (1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.12). That shows that it's DN syntax. Also, the EQUALITY matching rule is distinguishedNameMatch.
An example of an assertion in a filter using the correct syntax:
manager=cn=Manager Number One,ou=managers,ou=people,dc=example,dc=com
All attributes values used in an assertion must have the syntax defined for that attribute type in the schema.
Update
Verify the entries exist with a known good tool such as ldapsearch to ensure that the correct parameters are known for the search request. For example:
$ ldapsearch -h hostname -p port -b 'dc=sahara,dc=local' \
-D [your-bind-dn] -w [your-bind-dn-password] \
-s sub \
'(manager=cn=Izzeddeen Alkarajeh,ou=managers,ou=people,dc=sahara,dc=local)' \
1.1
If this search returns no entries, check with the LDAP administrators to ensure that the BIND DN in use has permission o read those entries.
see also
LDAP: Mastering Search Filters
LDAP: Search best practices
LDAP: Programming practices
I know this is old but I figured out a way to do this in C# that I have yet to find on stackoverflow.
using (var pc = new PrincipalContext(ContextType.Domain, "yourdomain.com"))
using (var user = UserPrincipal.FindByIdentity(pc, IdentityType.SamAccountName, "samAccountName"))
{
DirectoryEntry de = (DirectoryEntry)user.GetUnderlyingObject();
if (de.Properties["directReports"].Count != 0)
managedFound = de.Properties["directReports"];
}
This will give you a list of strings that you can then parse out the CN using this:
managedUserName = Regex.Match(managedFound.ToString(), #"CN[=].*?[,]").Value.Replace("CN=", "").Replace(",", "");
Then, the following to get the User properties:
UserPrincipal managedUser = UserPrincipal.FindByIdentity(pc, IdentityType.Name, managedUserName);
I'm trying to retrieve user information in Active Directory, but am finding some things to be poorly documented. For example, the LDAP connection strings I have seen contain some keywords that I don't know the meaning of. Here's a sample:
LDAP://ofmdcoly302.ofm.wa.lcl/ou=employees,dc=ofm,dc=wa
What are the keywords "ou" and "dc" supposed to signify? In our case "ou=employees" seems to identify a particular AD node. However when I try to do a .FindAll() on the above directory entry, I get "A referral was returned from the server". I guess that means it couldn't find what I was looking for, but it might be available somewhere else? In one place I read "A referral is AD's way of saying, 'this object probably exists in another domain'".
What are "ou" and "dc" supposed to mean? And if I had this A/D structure, how would I code the LDAP connetion string to retrieve information in the "AR" node:
ou and dc are not keywords, they are attributes, "organizational unit" and "domain component", respectively. Attributes are defined in the directory server schema. Attributes are gathered together into entries, of which the distinguished name is the primary key.
Taken in this context, ou and dc are "distinguished name components", together comprising a "distinguished name", which is the aforementioned primary key of an LDAP entry. ou=employees,dc=ofm,dc=wa is a distinguished name composed of the various relative distinguished name components.
This entry has two mistakes: it's not using root (dc=lcl), you also skipped one ou, should be ou=employees,ou=Users - OFMGOV,dc=ofm,dc=wa,dc=lcl
TBH if your really want to understand this notation I would suggest using ADSI Edit instead of ADUC that you probably use ATM - it will show you path the same way, so it will be easier to translate. It will also prevent you from shooting yourself in a foot with special containers like 'CN=Users' and 'CN=Computers':
For the OU you have highlighted it would most likely be:
ou=AR,ou=Citrix,ou=Users - OFMGOV,dc=ofm,dc=wa,dc=lcl
I'm a little confused by these two terms: "Legacy Distinguished Name"(Legacy DN) and "Distingushed Name"(DN).
The first term Legacy DN seems only for Exchange, while the latter DN is only mentioned for Active Directory.
They are obviously not in same format:
DN is like: CN=Morgan Cheng, OU= SomeOrg, DC=SomeCom, DC=com
LegacyDN is like: /o=SomeDomain/ou=SomeGroup/cn=Recipients/cn=Morgan Cheng
I am still not clear what exactly the differce is. Are they two totally differnt stuff? or just same info represented in two different forms?
And, why is it called "Legacy"? If it is legacy, something must be new, right?
Hope some AD and Exchang experts can give me some inputs.
In Exchange 5.5, Exchange was assigning distinguished names to accounts and mailboxes (Obj-Dist-Name). When Active Directory came along, Exchange 2000 and later would use its distinguished names instead. In order to preserve backwards compatibility, migration from Exchange 5.5 to Exchange 2000 carried over the old DNs into the legacyExchangeDN attribute of ActiveDirectory.
Some applications continue to refer to Obj-Dist-Name. To preserve compatibility with these applications, later exchange versions synthesize a legacyExchangeDN value even for objects that have not been migrated from Exchange 5.5. The RUS automatically sets it to some value, apparently to the same value as the distinguishedName in your case.
The "new" way (since 2000) is to refer to objects by distinguished name, not Obj-Dist-Name.