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Is there a complete documentation of each libraries for the C language ? As we can find for Java.
Where do you search when you want to know all the functions in a library such as math.h and how to use these functions ?
I typically reference
http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/clibrary/ but there are other website that provide similar documentation.
On the above link, first find the library you are interested in (ex: stdio.h)
http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/cstdio/
If you scroll down you can see: Functions, Macros, and Types defined inside this header file.
Overall the C standard library is much smaller than what you get with Java. Here is a high level overview
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_standard_library
I have used the GNU C Library Reference Manual and this website. They pretty much cover all the library functions, both include examples.
There are also manpages in *NIX(Linux and Unix and other Unix-like) systems if you need information about specific functions without opening up your browser. For example, if you are looking for information about the function getline() you would type man 3 getline in the Terminal. The man command is the name of executable for the manpages application. The number 3 means you are looking for a library function and getline is the name of function of your interest.
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When I come across a new kernel function, like those in "linux/list.h" and "sys/kmem.h", my only sources of help are books like "Linux Device Drivers" or the "Linux Cross reference" page. But the book only cover the most commonly used functions, sometimes the obsolete version, and the cross reference page only gives the function implementation without talking about what the parameters are. If I were lucky, I could find people asking about the function online, but that is not always the case. Is there a good documentation for kernel functions like a man page for most user space functions?
There is. Of course "proper" is a matter of opinion.
The Linux Kernel's documentation web pages seems proper to me.
OTOH, I suspect many people would argue that source code itself is the only real proper documentation.
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Wikipedia says that "Newlib is a C standard library implementation intended for use on embedded systems". OK, but where can I find the latest canon version of it? i.e the correct true complete version.
Also, what other libraries exist for C language? Could you give me the ISO numbers for them?
I am trying to understand what library types/versions exist for C language so I know what they mean when I come across them in the future.
I would expected C standard library to be called just C standard library but that is not used and these different names like newlib do not seem very easy to decipher.
It is one of many implementations of the standard C library. Here are some other implementations:
http://www.musl-libc.org/
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/
This is a fine comparison of 4 different implementations. It might be easier for you to understand why people create their own implementations: http://www.etalabs.net/compare_libcs.html
They differ in speed, compilation time, supported architectures, number of lines of code in the code base, compatibility with the standard, license and so on.
Python, for example, has various different implementations as well - see this answer: https://stackoverflow.com/a/17130986/4694621.
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I am working on embedded project that requires almost same kind of code template for each new implementation.
Instead of doing manual code, I am thinking to automate the code generation process.
So that I only need to provide input data to the tool in some format (could be any input format) and it generated C code according to it.
Open source would be the first choice but proprietary tools are also acceptable.
I already searched for Eclipse Modeling plugins Acceleo and Actifsource but didn't find them suitable for Embedded C code generation.
And I don't want to use heavy solution like MATLAB and LabVIEW just for code generation.
C code generation from UML models is possible with tools such as:
IBM Rational Rhapsody
Open source Eclipse plugin Topcased
There are many variants of C code generation:
function pointers (parent function do the same code exept a little variant)
inline functions + macro (parameters of macro could define a new functions)
systems like make, cmake, autotools (you write an input-file wich is modified at precompiling)
Tell more if you want to get more detailed answer.
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i need such reference preferable in CHM format or any other fast-access format. I need all *nix functions + pthread + all sockets (network) functions.
Searching the internet i did not find any, so working from my home on my unix projects is too slow.. i need to man() all the funcs i need in my remote shell.
Thank you
I don`t know if such exist. You can build one by yourself - man2html ( available on Unix and Linux ) will produce a html version which can be later converted to chm with HTML Help.
Rather than reading Linux-specific man pages I would simply read the documentation in the standard:
http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/contents.html
Yes, there is one since at least 2011. ;-)
(http://onnerby.se/~daniel/chm/)
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I'm trying to find out where I can find documentation on POSIX functions, but coming up short. Any recommendations?
POSIX 1003.1-2008 is now available on the web (all 3872 pages of it, in PDF and HTML). You have to register (free). I got to it from the Open Group Bookstore.
See How to Portably scanf into a pid_t in C for my original answer that included this information.
Strictly speaking, the definitive list of the POSIX functions is the POSIX standards documents themselves.
There's a pretty good introduction to what POSIX is all about, with links to plenty of reference material on Wikipedia.
zipped versions of the HTML for grepping
http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/download/
http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/download/susv4tc2.zip
Those are useful when you start wanting to grep for things, without paying for the PDF.
Mentioned by Jonathan.