Inputting array in C - c

Basically I have a C program where the user inputs a number (eg. 4). What that is defining is the number of integers that will go into an array (maximum of 10). However I want the user to be able to input them as "1 5 2 6" (for example). I.e. as a white space delimited list.
So far:
#include<stdio.h>;
int main()
{
int no, *noArray[10];
printf("Enter no. of variables for array");
scanf("%d", &no);
printf("Enter the %d values of the array", no);
//this is where I want the scanf to be generated automatically. eg:
scanf("%d %d %d %d", noArray[0], noArray[1], noArray[2], noArray[3]);
return 0;
}
Not sure how I might do this?
Thanks

scanf automatically consumes any whitespace that comes before the format specifier/percentage sign (except in the case of %c, which consumes one character at a time, including whitespace). This means that a line like:
scanf("%d", &no);
actually reads and ignores all the whitespace before the integer you want to read. So you can easily read an arbitrary number of integers separated by whitespace using a for loop:
for(int i = 0; i < no; i++) {
scanf("%d", &noArray[i]);
}
Note that noArray should be an array of ints and you need to pass the address of each element to scanf, as mentioned above. Also you shouldn't have a semicolon after your #include statement. The compiler should give you a warning if not an error for that.

#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
int no,noArray[10];
int i = 0;
scanf("%d",&no);
while(no > 10)
{
printf("The no must be smaller than 10,please input again\n");
scanf("%d",&no);
}
for(i = 0;i < no;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&noArray[i]);
}
return 0;
}
You can try it like this.

Related

Code to print data of a name, price and its pages by using arrays

#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
char name[3];
float price[3];
int i,page[3];
printf("enter the name price and book\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++){
scanf("%s",name[i]);
printf("enter character:\n");
}
for(i=0;i<3;i++) {
scanf("%f",&price[i]);
printf("enter floating point number:\n");
}
for(i=0;i<3;i++) {
scanf("%d",&page[i]);
printf("enter digit:\n");
}
printf("\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++) {
printf("%s\n",name[i]);
}
for(i=0;i<3;i++) {
printf("%f\n",&price[3]);
}
for(i=0;i<3;i++){
printf("%d\n",&page[i]);
}
return 0;
}
When I was trying this code, I thought this was quite simple to do but I realized, there is something which I am missing in the code. The main problem with this code is it is not scanning the values of price and pages. I don't understand where I am mistaken.
So, please correct my code so that it will print the values of name price and pages.
There are a number of issues in your code. First and foremost, the %s specifier (for both the scanf and printf functions) expects a string argument (that is, a nul-terminated array of char for printf or an array sufficiently large to hold the input characters plus that terminator, for scanf); however, you are attempting to read (and print) a single char value in each of the relevant for loops.
To fix this, use the %c format specifier, instead of %s. However, when you use this, the newline character that is generated when you press the Enter key will be left in the input buffer, and that will be read as the actual char input on the next iteration of the first for loop. To clear any such newline (or, indeed other whitespace) from the input before the real input, add a space in the format string before the %c. Also, when using this, you will need to pass the address of each name element: scanf(" %c", &name[i]);.
Further, the printf function takes the actual values of the variables to be output, rather than their addresses – so remove the & from the arguments in your printf calls. (Also, and I assume it's a typo, the price[3] expression should be price[i] – the former attempts to access an out-of-bounds element of the price array.)
Another issue is that, in each of your input loops, you call the scanf function before you display the relevant prompt. In the code below, I have reversed your printf and scanf lines in each of those input loops.
Here's a possible fixed version:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char name[3];
float price[3];
int i, page[3];
printf("enter the name price and book\n");
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
printf("enter character:\n");
scanf(" %c", &name[i]);
}
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
printf("enter floating point number:\n");
scanf("%f", &price[i]);
}
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
printf("enter digit:\n");
scanf("%d", &page[i]);
}
printf("\n");
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
printf("%c\n", name[i]);
}
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
printf("%f\n", price[i]);
}
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
printf("%d\n", page[i]);
}
return 0;
}

Variable Use Fgets with a char array in C

I'm trying to read in a grade (1-10) into an array called moduleGrades.
The fgets(moduleGrades[i]-1, sizeof(moduleGrades), stdin); causes an error, yet what i've typed is exactly what I need. I want to store 3 grades (if the number of modules entered was 3)
many thanks.
#include<stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
char name[30];
int moduleNumber;
char moduleGrades[2];
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{ //read name & module amount
printf ("Please enter your name: ");
fgets(name, sizeof(name), stdin);
printf ("How many Modules: ");
scanf("%d", &moduleNumber);
int i;
for (i = 1; i <= moduleNumber; i++)
{
printf ("Please enter module %d grade ", i);
fgets(moduleGrades[i]-1, sizeof(moduleGrades), stdin);
}
printf("%d", moduleGrades[0]);
printf("%d", moduleGrades[1]);
printf("%d", moduleGrades[2]);
return 0;
}
If you want to print three chars, as indicated by your output, then your array must also be able to hold three chars:
char moduleGrades[2];
Also this loop here:
int i;
for (i = 1; i <= moduleNumber; i++)
This isn't wrong in itself because you subtract the 1 you're off inside the loop, but I would do this and just put this instead:
for (int i = 0; i < moduleNumber; i++)
The fgets call inside the loop is wrong. You're giving it a char instead of a pointer to char. Instead of using fgets, I would just use scanf again:
scanf(" %c", &moduleGrades[i]);
When you print those char that you read in, you need to use the %c format specifier, too:
printf("%c", moduleGrades[0]);
This way it'll print the char that you read in earlier. For instance, if you pressed A, it will print A. With %d it will probably print 65, but it's undefined behavior, so anything else than that might happen instead and there's no guarantee on what exactly will happen.

How to get multiple inputs in one line in C?

I know that I can use
scanf("%d %d %d",&a,&b,&c):
But what if the user first determines how many input there'd be in the line?
You are reading the number of inputs and then repeatedly (in a loop) read each input, eg:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(int ac, char **av)
{
int numInputs;
int *input;
printf("Total number of inputs: ");
scanf("%d", &numInputs);
input = malloc(numInputs * sizeof(int));
for (int i=0; i < numInputs; i++)
{
printf("Input #%d: ", i+1);
scanf("%d", &input[i]);
}
// Do Stuff, for example print them:
for (int i=0; i < numInputs; i++)
{
printf("Input #%d = %d\n", i+1, input[i]);
}
free(input);
}
Read in the whole line, then use a loop to parse out what you need.
To get you started:
1) Here is the manual page for getline(3):
http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/getline.3.html
2) Some alternatves to getline:
How to read a line from the console in C?
3) Consider compressing spaces:
How do I replace multiple spaces with a single space?
4) Use a loop for parsing. You might consider tokenizing:
Tokenizing strings in C
5) Be careful and remember that your user could enter anything.
#include <conio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
int a[100],i,n_input,inputs;
printf("Enter the number of inputs");
scanf("%d",&n_input);
for(i=0;i<n_input;i++)
{
printf("Input #%d: ",i+1);
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
for(i=0;i<n_input;i++)
{
printf("\nInput #%d: %d ",i+1,a[i]);
}
}
/*
_______________This program is in C Programming Language_______________
We have to directly enter all the elements in one line giving spaces between them. Compiler will automatically ends the for loop I have used and assign the value to their respective variables or array indexes. Below program and output will give you better understanding.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
//taking no of inputs from user
int len;
printf("Enter the number of inputs you want to enter : ");
scanf("%d", &len);
int i;
//defined an array for storing multiple outputs
int arr[100];
//included a printf statement for better understanding of end user
printf("Enter the inputs here by giving space after each input : ");
/*here is the important lines of codess for taking multiple inputs on one line*/
for (i=0;i<len;i++)
{
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
printf("Your entered elements is : ");
for (i=0;i<len;i++)
{
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}
}
/*
OUTPUT :
Enter the number of inputs you want to enter : 5
5 5 5 8 7
Your entered elements is : 5 5 5 8 7
*/

C for loop iteration

I have a problem writing code which does the following: declare a struct{char c; int x; } array and load it with scanf via a loop. After it's loaded, a call to function f will be made which will replace every occurrence of digits in the struct's component c with 0, and will return the sum of the digits replaced by zero.
Code and output are below and I have problem that the loop in the function f seems to iterate one time, and it gives out some really weird values.
This is an exam question so I have to use printf, scanf etc. Also I have that exam in an hour so any quick help is appreciated :)
CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define MAX 2
struct par {
char c;
int x;
};
int f(struct par *niz) {
int i;
int n=0;
for(i=0; i<MAX; i++) {
if(isdigit(niz[i].c)) {
niz[i].c = niz[i].c-'0';
printf("niz[i].c = %d\n i = %d", niz[i].c, i);
n=n+niz[i].c;
niz[i].c='0';
}
}
return n;
}
void main() {
int n;
int i;
struct par niz[MAX];
printf("enter\n");
for(i=0; i<MAX; i++) {
scanf("%c", &niz[i].c);
scanf("%d", &niz[i].x);
}
n=f(niz);
for(int i=0; i<MAX; i++) {
printf("%d\n", niz[i].c);
printf("%d\n", niz[i].x);
}
printf("n = %d\n", n);
}
OUTPUT:
enter
2
2
2
niz[i].c = 2
i = 048
2
10
2
n = 2
When you press enter after the first input, the newline is not scanned by scanf and is left in the input buffer. When you then try to read the number scanf sees the newline and not a number so doesn't scan anything.
The simple solution to that is to add a leading space in front of the formats:
scanf(" %c", &niz[i].c);
scanf(" %d", &niz[i].x);
/* ^ */
This tells scanf to skip whitespace.
Use
niz[i].c = getchar();
instead of
scanf("%c", &niz[i].c);
or, you can use other better methods for getting char input discussed at SO,
Now,
You see second time you provided input only once, that is because the Enter you pressed after giving 2 as input to first char remained in input buffer, and was read on second iteration.
You are getting 10 as output, because, it is ASCII for \r, the Enter. It is not a digit, so not replaced to be '0'.
I am looking at your code (i am not using console for a decade, but ) here are some insights:
try to rename MAX with something else
do not know your IDE but sometimes MAX is reserved
and using it as macro can cause problems on some compilers
change scanf("%c", &niz[i].c) to scanf("%c", &(niz[i].c))
just to be shore that correct adsress is send to scanf
change scanf("%d", &niz[i].x) to scanf("%i", &(niz[i].x))
change "%d" to the correct value (this is main your problem)
"%c" for char
"%i" for int
Try to trace line by line and watch for improper variables change if above points does not help
weird values?
because you forgot "\n" after the line, so next print is behind the line "i = %d".
And, check return value of every function except ones that return void.

Using an array to decode numbers to letters

For my task I have to print numbers to the screen and decode them into their specific letters. I'm using only the letters a-l in this code just to keep it simple so I can understand it.
The problem I'm having is that when I, for example, put in the number 0 which corresponds to the first entry to the array which is a, it will take out a and print b-l.
How do I make it so if I put in the number 0, the code will print only a to the screen?
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char code[] = "abcdefghijkl";
int i, j, k;
printf("how many letters does your code contain?: ");
scanf("%d", &j);
for(i=0; i<j; ++i){
printf("enter a number between 0 and 11\n");
scanf("%d", &k);
printf("%s\n", &code[k]);
}
}
You print only the character at that location, so change
printf("%s\n", &code[k]);
to
printf("%c\n", code[k]);
You should also check that the value you read into k is >= 0 && < 11 , otherwise you'll access the array outside its bounds.
%s format specifier is used for printing strings, you need to use %c specifier which prints a character to the screen.
printf("%c\n", code[k]); instead of printf("%s\n", &code[k]);

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