I have following query:
SELECT ChallanNo+'-'+CONVERT(VARCHAR(12),ChallanDate,106)
FROM Challan WHERE ChallanID IN
(SELECT ChallanID FROM ChallanDetail WHERE PTUID=42192)
This query result will be :
151468-29 May 2012
151591-31 May 2012
Now I need a string like this :
151468-29 May 2012, 151591-31 May 2012
Thanks for response
On versions of SQL Server < 2017, you had to use STUFF and a FOR XML PATH subquery.
SELECT STUFF((SELECT ', ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(32), ChallanNo)
+ '-' + CONVERT(CHAR(11), ChallanDate, 106)
FROM dbo.Challan WHERE ChallanID IN
(SELECT ChallanID FROM dbo.ChallanDetail WHERE PTUID = 42192)
FOR XML PATH(''),
TYPE).value(N'./text()[1]', N'varchar(max)'), 1, 2, '');
In 2017+, you should definitely switch to STRING_AGG():
SELECT STRING_AGG(CONCAT(c.ChallanNo, '-',
CONVERT(char(11), c.ChallanDate, 106)), ', ')
FROM dbo.Challan AS c
WHERE EXISTS
(
SELECT 1 FROM dbo.ChallanDetail AS cd
WHERE cd.ChallanID = c.ChallanID
AND cd.PTUID = 42192
);
declare #result varchar(max) = ''
select #result = #result + ChallanNo + '-' +
CONVERT(VARCHAR(12),ChallanDate,106) + ','
from ...
-- remove trailing ,
select left(#result, len(#result) - 1)
Related
I'm trying to replace NULL values with 0 in the following query, however without luck. I know I need to create another column list for the SELECT statement, but I've been unsuccessful so far.
How do I do this properly?
My query:
DECLARE #SQL AS NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE #COLS AS NVARCHAR(MAX);
SELECT #COLS = ISNULL(#COLS + ',', '') + QUOTENAME(ItemCategoryName)
FROM
(
SELECT DISTINCT
ItemCategoryName
FROM sgdw.fact.RetailSales RS
JOIN SGDW.dim.Item I ON RS.ItemID = I.ItemID
WHERE RS.CalendarID >= '20190101'
AND storeid = '92'
AND DATALENGTH(ItemCategoryName) != 0
) AS Properties;
SET #SQL = N'SELECT *
FROM
(
SELECT RetailSalesAmountIncludingVATDKK,
ItemCategoryName,
ReceiptCode
FROM
(
SELECT *
FROM sgdw.fact.RetailSales
WHERE storeid = ''92''
UNION ALL
SELECT *
FROM sgdw.fact.RetailSales_hist
WHERE CalendarID >= ''20190101''
AND storeid = ''92''
) RS
JOIN SGDW.dim.Item I ON RS.ItemID = I.ItemID
JOIN SGDW.dim.Store S ON S.StoreID = RS.StoreID
) SourceTable
PIVOT (Sum(RetailSalesAmountIncludingVATDKK) FOR [ItemCategoryName] IN (' + #COLS + ')) as PivotTable';
EXEC sp_executesql
#SQL;
If you use SQL Server (starting with 2008), Azure SQL Database, Azure SQL Data Warehouse, Parallel Data Warehousen you can bye COALESCE method
like
SELECT #COLS_SUM = #COLS_SUM + 'COALESCE(' + QUOTENAME(finmonth) + ',0)+'
FROM (SELECT DISTINCT finmonth FROM YOUR_TABLE ) AS tmp
SELECT #COLS_SUM = ','+ SUBSTRING(#COLS_SUM, 0, LEN(#COLS_SUM)) +' AS TOTAL'
for more info check https://www.codeproject.com/Questions/1391827/Dealing-with-nulls-dynamic-columns-in-pivot
Append This
SELECT #COLS = 'ISNULL('+REPLACE(#COLS,',',',0 ) , ISNULL(') + ',0 )'
After this block
SELECT #COLS = ISNULL(#COLS + ',', '') + QUOTENAME(ItemCategoryName)
FROM
(
SELECT DISTINCT
ItemCategoryName
FROM sgdw.fact.RetailSales RS
JOIN SGDW.dim.Item I ON RS.ItemID = I.ItemID
WHERE RS.CalendarID >= '20190101'
AND storeid = '92'
AND DATALENGTH(ItemCategoryName) != 0
) AS Properties;
I have tried all below links ,But they are not working in my Sever SQL?
SET #cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(AD.MonthFormat) FROM #tempMonthFormat AD FOR xml PATH (''), TYPE).value('.', 'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, '')
SELECT #Selectcols = STUFF((SELECT
',' + ISNULL(#Selectcols + ',','')+ 'ISNULL(' + QUOTENAME(AD.MonthFormat) + ', 0) AS ' + QUOTENAME(AD.MonthFormat) FROM #tempMonthFormat AD
FOR xml PATH (''), TYPE)
.value('.', 'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, '');
Declare #FINALQUERY varchar(max);
SET #FINALQUERY = '
SELECT Name,[Issue],' + #Selectcols + ' FROM
(
SELECT into #temptable * FROM #Meantimeresult
) Y
PIVOT
(
SUM(MT)
FOR [Monthformat] IN (' + #cols + ')
) p GROUP BY ' + #cols+',[Issue], Name'
EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL #FINALQUERY;
Dynamic SQL Result INTO #Temp Table
How to create temp table from a dynamic query?
INSERT INTO temp table from unknown number and name of columns (from dynamic PIVOT query)
Dynamic Pivot Results to a Temp Table
Can be done with a couple of steps, but the convoluted nature of this answer should indicate to you that you are fighting against sql server here, not with it. Try very hard to find another way to structure your reports so that this is not necessary before undertaking such drastic measures as these.
1) Encapsulate / hack your initial pivot query as a parameterless stored procedure. If you need to pass any data into the procedure you must structure it as a global temp table (## prefixed temp table) e.g.
CREATE PROCEDURE dynamic_meantime_pivot AS
DECLARE
#cols nvarchar(max) = STUFF(
(SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(AD.MonthFormat) FROM ##tempMonthFormat AD FOR xml PATH (''), TYPE)
.value('.', 'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, '')
#Selectcols nvarchar(max) = STUFF(
(SELECT ',' + ISNULL(#Selectcols + ',','')+ 'ISNULL(' + QUOTENAME(AD.MonthFormat) + ', 0) AS ' + QUOTENAME(AD.MonthFormat) FROM ##tempMonthFormat AD FOR xml PATH (''), TYPE)
.value('.', 'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, '');
Declare #FINALQUERY varchar(max) = '
SELECT Name,[Issue],' + #Selectcols + ' FROM
(
SELECT * FROM ##Meantimeresult
) Y
PIVOT
(
SUM(MT)
FOR [Monthformat] IN (' + #cols + ')
) p GROUP BY ' + #cols+',[Issue], Name'
EXEC(#FINALQUERY)
2) Set up any global temp tables required by the above procedure.
3) Call the procedure via the OPENROWSET function as below:
SELECT * INTO #dynamic_meantime_table FROM OPENROWSET('SQLNCLI', 'Server=<your_sql_server_instance_name_here>;Trusted_Connection=yes;',
'EXEC dynamic_meantime_pivot')
See also this excellent answer regarding OPENROWSET.
Insert results of a stored procedure into a temporary table
In sql server I have a table with id. I pass id through openquery in a loop.
while #coun < 1000
begin
select #id=id from #temp where num = #coun
#sql = 'select * from tableoracle where id=' + #id
execute('insert into #temp2 select * from openquery(ORAC, ' + #sql+')')
set #coun = #coun + 1
End
Can I send the id immediately as a set and not one by one?
if you access the entire table at once in oracle without id, the request hangs,
a lot of data
found the solution
declare #a varchar(max) = (select '(' + stuff (
(SELECT ',''' +id + ''''
FROM #temp
for xml path('')),
1, 1, '') + ')')
#sql = 'select * from tableoracle where id in ' + #a
execute('insert into #temp2 select * from openquery(ORAC, ' + #sql+')')
So i have this dynamic query that returns a result set having dynamic number of columns like so:
In this result set we have columns for ID, FacilityName and cycleNum will always be there but number of task columns can vary Task1, Task2, Task3..... upto Taskn.
The final result set I need is as follows:
For this i have tried this query:
Select distinct FacilityName,
substring(
(
Select ',' + a
From (SELECT ID, FacilityName, 'Cycle-'+ cast(CycleNum as varchar)+'::' + 'Task1~' + cast(Task1 as varchar) + ',Task2~' + cast(Task2 as varchar) + ',Task3~' + cast(Task3 as varchar) + ';' as a FROM #tempTable) ST1
Where ST1.FacilityName = ST2.FacilityName
ORDER BY ST1.FacilityName
For XML PATH ('')
), 2, 1000) CycleData
From (SELECT ID, FacilityName, 'Cycle-'+ cast(CycleNum as varchar)+'::' + 'Task1~' + cast(Task1 as varchar) + ',Task2~' + cast(Task2 as varchar) + ',Task3~' + cast(Task3 as varchar)+ ';' as a FROM #tempTable) ST2
This will work with following test data:
create table #tempTable
(
ID int,
FacilityName varchar(50),
CycleNum int,
Task1 datetime,
Task2 datetime,
Task3 datetime
)
Insert into #tempTable values
(1, 'A', 1, convert(varchar(10), getdate(), 126), convert(varchar(10), dateadd(day,1,getdate()), 126), convert(varchar(10), dateadd(day,2,getdate()), 126)),
(2, 'A', 2, convert(varchar(10), getdate(), 126), convert(varchar(10), dateadd(day,1,getdate()), 126), convert(varchar(10), dateadd(day,2,getdate()), 126)),
(3, 'B', 1, convert(varchar(10), getdate(), 126), convert(varchar(10), dateadd(day,1,getdate()), 126), convert(varchar(10), dateadd(day,2,getdate()), 126)),
(4, 'B', 2, convert(varchar(10), getdate(), 126), convert(varchar(10), dateadd(day,1,getdate()), 126), convert(varchar(10), dateadd(day,2,getdate()), 126))
But I cant think of any way to extend this to use dynamic columns. The list of all columns is saved in a master table so we can get comma-separated list of columns from there if needed.
Here is a dynamic way
Slightly different approach from your static query. To make it dynamic, Use while loop or CURSOR to generate the Task1 + Task2 + ..TaskN. Then use it in Select query.
DECLARE #columns VARCHAR(50)='Task1,Task2,Task3', -- Pass the list of column names
#int INT = 1,
#sql VARCHAR(8000)
SET #sql = ' ;WITH cte
AS (SELECT *,
''Cycle-'' + Cast(CycleNum AS VARCHAR(10)) + ''::'' '
WHILE #int <= Len(#columns) - Len(Replace(#columns, ',', '')) -- To find the number of Tasks in list
BEGIN
SET #sql += + '+''Task' + Cast(#int AS VARCHAR(10))
+ '~''+' + 'Cast(Task'
+ Cast(#int AS VARCHAR(10))
+ ' AS VARCHAR(50)) + '','''
SET #int += 1
END
SET #sql += ' AS concat_dates
FROM #tempTable)
SELECT DISTINCT FacilityName,
LEFT(CycleData, Len(CycleData) - 1)
FROM cte a
CROSS apply(SELECT b.concat_dates + '',''
FROM cte b
WHERE a.FacilityName = b.FacilityName
FOR xml path('''')) cs (CycleData)
'
--print #sql -- uncomment it to debug if you have any error when executing dynamic code
EXEC (#sql)
Not to worry about the usage of While Loop/CURSOR since we are not doing any resource intensive operations inside the loop.
Static Query will looking like this
;WITH cte
AS (SELECT *,
'Cycle-' + Cast(CycleNum AS VARCHAR(10))
+ '::' + 'Task1~' + Cast(Task1 AS VARCHAR(50))
+ ',' + 'Task2~' + Cast(Task2 AS VARCHAR(50))
+ ',' AS concat_dates
FROM #tempTable)
SELECT DISTINCT FacilityName,
LEFT(CycleData, Len(CycleData) - 1)
FROM cte a
CROSS apply(SELECT b.concat_dates + ','
FROM cte b
WHERE a.FacilityName = b.FacilityName
FOR xml path('')) cs (CycleData)
Use system tables. I prefer short and effective solutions :). This is guide, I'm sure you can finish it yourself with concentating strings (if you are not sure, add comment and I will add whole code or more description).
declare #columns varchar(max)
SELECT #columns = isnull(#columns + '+', '') + '''' + COLUMN_NAME + '~'' + Cast(' + COLUMN_NAME + ' as varchar(50))'
FROM tempdb.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS c
WHERE c.TABLE_NAME like '#tempTable%'
AND c.COLUMN_NAME LIKE 'Task%' -- filter columns you are interested in
declare #sql varchar(4000) = 'select *, ' + #columns + ' from #tempTable'
print #sql
exec (#sql)
I have the following code which will create a comma delimited list for my results:
DECLARE #listStr VARCHAR(MAX)
SELECT #listStr = COALESCE(#listStr+', ' ,'') + INSTITUTIONNAME
FROM EDUCATION
WHERE STUDENTNUMBER= '111'
SELECT #listStr
The problem is its creating one massive comma delimited line. I need it to return a comma separated list per row.
So if Simon has been part of 2 institutions, then i expect:
"INSTITUTION1, INSTITUTION2"
As i didnt supply a where clause i expect my results to show up like this for each row in the database.
Update (As suggested by #Aaron in the comment)
STRING_AGG is the preferred way of doing this in the modern versions of SQL Server (2017 or later). It also supports easy ordering.
SELECT
STUDENTNUMBER
, STRING_AGG(INSTITUTIONNAME, ', ') AS StringAggList
, STRING_AGG(INSTITUTIONNAME, ', ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY INSTITUTIONNAME DESC) AS StringAggListDesc
FROM Education E
GROUP BY E.STUDENTNUMBER;
Original Answer:
Use FOR XML PATH('') - which is converting the entries to a comma separated string and STUFF() -which is to trim the first comma- as follows Which gives you the same comma separated result
SELECT
STUFF((SELECT ',' + INSTITUTIONNAME
FROM EDUCATION EE
WHERE EE.STUDENTNUMBER = E.STUDENTNUMBER
ORDER BY sortOrder
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE).value('text()[1]', 'nvarchar(max)')
, 1, LEN(','), '') AS XmlPathList
FROM EDUCATION E
GROUP BY E.STUDENTNUMBER
Here is the FIDDLE showing results for both STRING_AGG and FOR XML PATH('').
For Sql Server 2017 and later you can use the new STRING_AGG function
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/functions/string-agg-transact-sql
The following example replaces null values with 'N/A' and returns the
names separated by commas in a single result cell.
SELECT STRING_AGG ( ISNULL(FirstName,'N/A'), ',') AS csv
FROM Person.Person;
Here is the result set.
John,N/A,Mike,Peter,N/A,N/A,Alice,Bob
Perhaps a more common use case is to group together and then aggregate, just like you would with SUM, COUNT or AVG.
SELECT a.articleId, title, STRING_AGG (tag, ',') AS tags
FROM dbo.Article AS a
LEFT JOIN dbo.ArticleTag AS t
ON a.ArticleId = t.ArticleId
GROUP BY a.articleId, title;
this works in sql server 2016
USE AdventureWorks
GO
DECLARE #listStr VARCHAR(MAX)
SELECT #listStr = COALESCE(#listStr+',' ,'') + Name
FROM Production.Product
SELECT #listStr
GO
If you're stuck with SQL Server <2017, you can use GroupConcat. The syntax and the performance is far better than the FOR XML PATH sollution.
Installation:
-- https://codeplexarchive.blob.core.windows.net/archive/projects/groupconcat/groupconcat.zip
create assembly [GroupConcat] from 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with permission_set = safe;
create aggregate [dbo].[GROUP_CONCAT] (#VALUE [nvarchar](4000)) returns[nvarchar](max) external name [GroupConcat].[GroupConcat.GROUP_CONCAT];
create aggregate [dbo].[GROUP_CONCAT_D] (#VALUE [nvarchar](4000), #DELIMITER [nvarchar](4)) returns[nvarchar](max) external name [GroupConcat].[GroupConcat.GROUP_CONCAT_D];
create aggregate [dbo].[GROUP_CONCAT_DS] (#VALUE [nvarchar](4000), #DELIMITER [nvarchar](4), #SORT_ORDER [tinyint]) returns[nvarchar](max) external name [GroupConcat].[GroupConcat.GROUP_CONCAT_DS];
create aggregate [dbo].[GROUP_CONCAT_S] (#VALUE [nvarchar](4000), #SORT_ORDER [tinyint]) returns[nvarchar](max) external name [GroupConcat].[GroupConcat.GROUP_CONCAT_S];
go
Usage:
declare #liststr varchar(max)
select #liststr = dbo.group_concat_d(institutionname, ',')
from education
where studentnumber = '111'
group by studentnumber;
select #liststr
GroupConcat does not support ordering, though. You could use PIVOT, CTE's and windows functions if you need ordering:
drop table if exists #students;
create table #students (
name varchar(20),
institution varchar(20),
year int -- order by year
)
go
insert into #students(name, institution, year)
values
('Simon', 'INSTITUTION1', 2005),
('Simon', 'INSTITUTION2', 2008);
with cte as (
select name,
institution,
rn = row_number() over (partition by name order by year)
from #students
)
select name,
[1] +
isnull((',' + [2]), '') +
isnull((',' + [3]), '') +
isnull((',' + [4]), '') +
isnull((',' + [5]), '') +
isnull((',' + [6]), '') +
isnull((',' + [7]), '') +
isnull((',' + [8]), '') +
isnull((',' + [9]), '') +
isnull((',' + [10]), '') +
isnull((',' + [11]), '') +
isnull((',' + [12]), '') +
isnull((',' + [13]), '') +
isnull((',' + [14]), '') +
isnull((',' + [15]), '') +
isnull((',' + [16]), '') +
isnull((',' + [17]), '') +
isnull((',' + [18]), '') +
isnull((',' + [19]), '') +
isnull((',' + [20]), '')
from cte
pivot (
max(institution)
for rn in ([1], [2], [3], [4],[5],[6],[7],[8],[9],[10],[11],[12],[13],[14],[15],[16],[17],[18],[19],[20])
) as piv
I just saw another question very similar to this!
Here is the canonical NORTHWIND (spelled just slightly different for some reason) database example.
SELECT *
FROM [NORTHWND].[dbo].[Products]
SELECT CategoryId,
MAX( CASE seq WHEN 1 THEN ProductName ELSE '' END ) + ', ' +
MAX( CASE seq WHEN 2 THEN ProductName ELSE '' END ) + ', ' +
MAX( CASE seq WHEN 3 THEN ProductName ELSE '' END ) + ', ' +
MAX( CASE seq WHEN 4 THEN ProductName ELSE '' END )
FROM ( SELECT p1.CategoryId, p1.ProductName,
( SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM NORTHWND.dbo.Products p2
WHERE p2.CategoryId = p1.CategoryId
AND p2.ProductName <= p1.ProductName )
FROM NORTHWND.dbo.Products p1 ) D ( CategoryId, ProductName, seq )
GROUP BY CategoryId ;