Adjacency matrix of binary tree of depth 4 in C - c

How would the adjacency matrix of binary tree of depth 4 in C look like? The depth of a node is defined as its distance from the root.
I know a is at depth zero e is at depth 2
a
/ \
b c
/ \ / \
d e f g
/ \ / \ / \ / \
h i j k l m n o
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o
a 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
b 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
c 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
d 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
e 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
f 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
g 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
h 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
i 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
j 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
k 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
l 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
m 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
n 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
o 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Just an observation. Holds true in general.
If you have a complete binary tree, by which I mean all internal nodes have two children, and all leaves at same depth. And if you number them starting from 1
i.e. in your case
a = 1; b = 2; c = 3 ....
For any node x -> i
It's children will be 2*i and 2*i + 1
And it's parent will be floor(i/2)
In your case, you can just hard-code it since you have only depth = 4

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find all 256 cases of 2 numbers in array of 8 length [closed]

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How can I find all combination of 2 numbers {0,1} in array of 8 length in c,
example
arr[]={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}
arr[]={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1}
arr[]={0,0,0,1,1,0,0,1}
an so on

You can generate all combinations fairly easily using a recursive procedure:
arr = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
Generate(position)
if position > 8 then
print arr
else
arr[position] = 0
Generate(position+1)
arr[position] = 1
Generate(position+1)
Generate(1)
This will go down 8 levels in the call stack and then print the array [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]. Then it will return to the 7th level, and go down again, printing [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]. It will repeat this process, toggling each of the higher-order bits in turn until all 256 possibilities are generated. Instead of printing the arrays, you could save the arrays as you go.
Another possibility is to just create the 256 8-bit arrays and use an iterative procedure to toggle the elements in such a way as to guarantee you cover all your bases. An example with 4-bit strings:
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 => toggle bits in 4th position => 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 in blocks of size 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 => toggle bits in 3rd position => 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 in blocks of size 2 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 => toggle bits in 2nd position => 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 in blocks of size 4 0 0 1 0
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 => toggle bits in 1st position => 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 in blocks of size 8 0 0 1 0
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1
0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Compose matrix out of several subarrays in J

I want to compose a 12x12 matrix named F out of 4 given smaller submatrices which should be located at different positions:
array A of shape 3x6 should be from (0;0) to (2;5)
array B of shape 4x9 should be from (3;3) to (6;11)
array C of shape 3x3 should be from (7;0) to (9;2)
array D of shape 2x3 should be from (10;6) to (11;8)
All other atoms are zeros. I started setting up F =: 12 12 $ 0 but failed trying the amend verb. What would be best practice for this?
My subarrays are:
A =: 3 6 $ _1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _1 0 0 1 0 0 0.99 0 _1 0
B =: 4 9 $ 1 0 0 1 0 0 _1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 _1 0 0 1 0 0 _1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
C =: 3 3 $ 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
D =: 2 3 $ 1 0 0 0 0 1

Make a list of coordinates from the shape of each array.
c_D =: {#(;&i.)/ $ D
┌───┬───┬───┐
│0 0│0 1│0 2│
├───┼───┼───┤
│1 0│1 1│1 2│
└───┴───┴───┘
add the offset to the above coordinates
c_D =: (<10 6) + &.> c_D
and now use amend:
D c_D } F
You can form a gerund to streamline this process, something along the lines of:
g =: 3 : '({.y) +&.> {#(;&i.)/$ >{:y'
m =: ((>#{:#[)`(g#[)`])
((0 0);A) m} F
((3 3);B) m} F
etc.

A slightly different approach that could work if the components have consistent shapes involves padding out the component arrays and then assembling the 12X12 array.
12{."1. A NB. Pad 0's to the right
_1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 _1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0.99 0 _1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
_12{."1 B NB. Pad 0's to the left
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 _1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 _1 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 _1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
12{."1. C
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
_12{."1 [ 6 {."1 D NB. extra {. required to pad both ends
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Then assemble the final array
(12{."1. A) , (_12 {."1 B),(12 {."1 C),_12{."1[ 6 {."1 D
_1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 _1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0.99 0 _1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 _1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 _1 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 _1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

What is wrong with my sudoku generate code in c?

That's my homework, making a sudoku game. I have done my algorithm but it's entering infinite loop. I didn't understand why.
I am trying create a random number and control it for find true number. Checking all columns and rows for find same number as like as our random number if it is, it's changing test number and if test has changed trying find another number for true number. Simple sudoku logic.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main() {
srand(time(NULL));
int num, col, row, row2, col2, test = 0;
int sudo[9][9] = {{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}};
for (row = 0; row <= 8; row++) {
for (col = 0; col <= 8; col++) {
do {
test = 0;
num = rand() % 9 + 1;
//control
for (col2 = 0; col2 <= 8; col2++) {
if (num == sudo[col2][row]) {
test++;
}
}
for (row2 = 0; row2 <= 8; row2++) {
if (num == sudo[col][row2]) {
test++;
}
}
} while (test > 0);
sudo[col][row] = num;
}
}
//print
for (row = 0; row <= 8; row++) {
for (col = 0; col <= 8; col++) {
printf(" %d ", sudo[col][row]);
if (col == 2 || col == 5) {
printf(" | ");
}
}
if (row == 2 || row == 5) {
printf("\n---------------------------------");
}
printf("\n");
}
}

Your algorithm is broken, and I can demonstrate why. If it were possible to fill in a sudoku puzzle this way, it would also be trivial to solve a sudoku puzzle this way, which it is not.
Essentially your code boils down to the following. I've added early exits on the inner for-loops to stop searching once we find the number already in the current row or column (and actually made sense of what 99.9% of the world thinks of concerning "rows" and "columns" in a NxN matrix):
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#define NSIZE 9
void print_matrix(int const ar[][NSIZE])
{
for (size_t i=0; i<NSIZE; ++i)
{
for (size_t j=0; j<NSIZE; ++j)
{
fputc('0' + ar[i][j], stdout);
fputc(' ', stdout);
}
fputc('\n', stdout);
}
}
int main()
{
srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
int sudo[NSIZE][NSIZE] = {{0}};
int row, col;
for(row=0;row<NSIZE;++row)
{
for(col=0;col<NSIZE;++col)
{
int row2 = 0, col2 = 0, num;
printf("Trying ");
do
{
num = rand()%9+1;
printf("%d ", num);
for(row2=0; row2<NSIZE && num!=sudo[row2][col]; ++row2);
for(col2=0; col2<NSIZE && num!=sudo[row][col2]; ++col2);
}
while (row2 < NSIZE || col2 < NSIZE);
fputc('\n', stdout);
sudo[row][col] = num;
printf("sudo[%d][%d] = %d\n", row, col, num);
print_matrix(sudo);
}
}
}
As the loops progress, we report what number we're trying, and what the matrix looks like upon placement of a keeper. For example, a test run of the above initially can look like this:
Trying 8
sudo[0][0] = 8
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trying 1
sudo[0][1] = 1
8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trying 9
sudo[0][2] = 9
8 1 9 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trying 6
sudo[0][3] = 6
8 1 9 6 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trying 3
sudo[0][4] = 3
8 1 9 6 3 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trying 4
sudo[0][5] = 4
8 1 9 6 3 4 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trying 4 6 7
sudo[0][6] = 7
8 1 9 6 3 4 7 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trying 1 3 1 3 4 1 3 8 4 9 3 8 1 4 7 9 3 8 8 8 4 9 6 5
sudo[0][7] = 5
8 1 9 6 3 4 7 5 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
and this continues for perhaps a while. But eventually, unless you get extraordinarily lucky, the following is bound to happen (and this one went pretty deep before the wheels fell off):
Trying 1 6 3 4
sudo[6][6] = 4
8 1 9 6 3 4 7 5 2
1 3 5 4 8 6 2 7 9
3 6 4 8 7 9 5 2 1
7 9 1 2 4 5 3 8 6
4 7 3 9 2 8 6 1 5
5 4 2 3 6 1 8 9 7
6 8 7 1 9 3 4 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Note we're about to try and populate sudo[6][7]. To do that we must find a number that is not in the sudo[r][7] column already, nor the sudo[6][c] row. But looking at the numbers already in those positions.
sudo[r][7] : {5,7,2,8,1,9}
sudo[6][c] : {6,8,7,1,9,3,4}
Therefore we're looking for a number from 1..9 that is NOT in: {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}, which we're NEVER going to find.
The algorithm is broken. There is a reason backtracking is used for tasks like this.

Making two matrix from one

I have a matrix that I would like to split into two separate matrices based on a set of conditions.
The input matrix can be generated with the following code:
lbits = 8;
ntags = 10;
k = randi(lbits,1,ntags);
Tag = zeros(lbits,ntags);
Tag(lbits*(find(k)-1) + k)=1;
TagAnswer = Tag';
Which returns:
TagAnswer =
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
My conditions are:
If place of bit '1' is on position lbits/2 or higher, add the row to matrix A
If place of bit '1' is less then position lbits/2, add the row to matrix B
With the above TagAnswer I want the 2nd, 5th and 7th rows to be moved into B and the remaining rows moved into matrix A

Assuming my edit is correct, you can use the row and column outputs of find to index TagAnswer and pull the rows based on your conditions:
% Generate sample data
lbits = 8;
ntags = 10;
k = randi(lbits,1,ntags);
Tag = zeros(lbits,ntags);
Tag(lbits*(find(k)-1) + k)= 1;
TagAnswer = Tag';
% Find bit locations and distribute rows accordingly
[r, c] = find(TagAnswer);
A = TagAnswer(r(c>=(lbits/2)), :);
B = TagAnswer(r(c<(lbits/2)), :);
For my test case I have:
TagAnswer =
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
A =
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
B =
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Edit: Because MATLAB stores data column-major, find also works column-major and will likely lose the row ordering. If it important to preserve the row ordering of TagAnswer in A and B you can use sort after the find call:
[r, sortidx] = sort(r);
c = c(sortidx);

2 dimensional array with seats by using class

I wanted to create an array by using class at the same time which it must be produced as below:
Airline A Airline B Airline C
1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
----------- ----------- -----------
2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0
5 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0
How can I create this?

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