Drupal 7: Modifying menu HTML output? - drupal-7

I am trying to modify the HTML output in a Drupal 7 theme that I am creating.
Basically, instead of the < li >s containing just plain < a >s with text, I want to include some additional HTML inside the < a >.
I know that it's possible to modify the HTML created by the menus in Drupal. I can see the following call in page.tpl.php:
<?php print theme('links__system_main_menu', array(
'links' => $main_menu,
'attributes' => array(
'id' => 'main-menu',
'class' => array('links', 'clearfix'),
),
'heading' => array(
'text' => t(''),
'level' => 'h2',
'class' => array('element-invisible'),
),
)); ?>
which apparently calls the theme function, which creates the output. One way to modify the output would be to modify the theme_links function in theme.inc, right?
http://api.drupal.org/api/drupal/includes--theme.inc/function/theme_links
I also know that you can put a hook in template.php to override the function which creates the HTML. I can't figure out how to create the actual override function. Can somebody point me in the right direction, please?


What you would do is implement a hook to modify the output, not modify the "theme.inc" file directly.
For example, the accepted answer on this page: Drupal Override Custom Menu Template
And as a general rule, when you want to modify the output of something, either implement a hook (in a module or in the template.php of the active theme) or use a template with a predefined file name when such a case exists (when no template already exists, you can also modify the list of template suggestions using a module or the theme).

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I tried extend and elements but none of them give expected result.
Note : This is not dynamic menu and I am not fetching them from database.

Place your navigation.ctp inside app/View/Elements/
Then, inside your default.ctp, include the element as follows:
<?= $this->element('navigation'); ?>
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<?= $this->element('navigation', array(
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Questions:
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DOC shows 'Label' has no getText or getHTML method, then how to read its 'value'? like I want to pass it to the BackEnd. (getValue() doesn't work)

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How can I go about overiding CakePHP's code without creating it manually myself? I'm attempting to customise the getCrumbList function.
The lastClass option is applying a class to the 'li' tag sucesfully, but I'd also like to remove the link/ ahref altogether for the last tag.
Function generating crumbs
echo $this->Html->getCrumbList(array('class' => 'breadcrumb', 'lastClass' => 'active'), 'Home');
Output of getCrumbList
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Simple solution - You dont include the URL in addCrumb. Doh!

In CakePHP 2 how to insert input field without creating form?

I'd like to create well formatted Form element with Form helper but without creation of form itself. So i wrote:
$this->Form->input(
'Kid.id',
array(
'type' => 'text',
)
);
This is ajax inside "Kids" controller response, and I'd like to update form after user make some actions.
I have no idea how to do it, except manually write HTML code.

Shame on me. This works I just forgot to add an echo at the beginning of line.

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Are there any approaches to set in model field label? I dont want use 'label' property in form helper.

Please make sure I understand this correctly, you want to set a field label in the model, rather than using the form helper?
That violates basic MVC architecture. While Cake is flexible on some things, I don't think this is a possible option. I also don't see why you'd want to do it -- is there some reason that you don't want to use the label property in the form helper?
The basic issue is that the label for a form is part of the presentation layer, while the model represents the data. As such, it isn't possible (and I can't think of a situation where it'd make sense...) to assign a label to a data field which would then be used whenever that field is output.
If I misunderstood your question, please clarify.

What I do is setting up a convention in my models. I added a public attribute called "fieldLabels" to all the models, to assign default text labels for generic forms.
Example:
class MyModel extends AppModel {
// ...
public $fieldLabels = array(
'username' => 'User name',
'email' => 'e-mail address',
'phone' => 'Phone No.',
);
// ....
}
Then I pass around the labels to the view and use the extra parameter for the input, as sibidiba said:
echo $this->Form->input('title', array(
'label' => $fieldLabels['title'] . ': ',
));
In case I need special labels, I'll handle each case as an exception. Of course, if you want internationalization, that's a whole different topic.

Do you want to set the label's value? This is done in the view, but of course the value can originate from the controller/model. Like this:
echo $this->Form->input('title', array(
'label' => $titleLabel,
));
you can also disable the label element:
echo $this->Form->input('title', array(
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));

Not 100% sure, but I think you might be looking for Model::displayField

i suggest u directly use the helper u want.. bcos $form-input() creates div .. labels..
i personally had to weed out this on each line
with the direct helper like
$form->text()
$form->textarea()
$form->select()
u can keep the code much cleaner.
Note: $form->input saves time when used right...

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