Using SQL WHERE LIKE to filter when have consecutive numbers - sql-server

Question

Trying to convert a PostgreSQL view to SQL Server (2016) view.
I have a table with a column named filename, with the following data:
R24bMP1.png
MP3.png
R28.jpg
I002.jpg
App_1472669569054.jpg
Test_1575753047890.png
So, I like to filter all rows the filename must contains 13 consecutives numbers, in the example, only App_1472669569054.jpg and Test_1575753047890.png.
In PostgreSQL, I can use regex to do this:
SELECT * FROM table WHERE filename ~ '\d{13}'.
Tried in SQL Server with:
SELECT * FROM table WHERE filename LIKE '%[0-9]{13}%', but got no results. The only way that worked is:
SELECT * FROM table WHERE filename LIKE '%[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]%'
After that, I need to get only the number part of filename, in the example, the returned value must be:
1472669569054
1575753047890
I know I can use CLR with SQL Server, but I like to known if is possible to filter without CLR in this case.

Answer 1

As Martin Smith pointed out:
'%[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]%'
can be reduced to:
'%' + replicate('[0-9]',13) + '%'
You were most of the way there:
declare #filename varchar(128) = 'Test_1575753047890.png'
select test=substring(#filename
,patindex('%' + replicate('[0-9]',13) + '%',#filename)
,13
)
returns: 1575753047890
So for your table it would look like:
select test=substring([filename]
,patindex('%' + replicate('[0-9]',13) + '%',[filename])
,13
)
from t
where patindex('%' + replicate('[0-9]',13) + '%',[filename]) > 0